Helsinki University of Technology Department of Electrical and

Helsinki University of Technology Department of Electrical and Communication Engineering ‘’Using Powerline Communications in Control and Data Networking’’ by Samdani M. Golam Supervisor & Instructor: Prof. Timo O. Korhonen Master’s Thesis Presentation 16 th February, 2006, Espoo.

Acknowledgements n n Prof. Timo O. Korhonen Liu Er Omar Mukhter Other Colleagues and Friends. This thesis work has been done in the project ’LED-PLC General Lighting System’ at Communication Laboratory, HUT, sponsored by TEKES and Several Companies.

Agenda n n n n Introduction PLC Technology PLC Applications Technical Issues for PLC System Regulation & Standards Test Setup 1: PLC-LED General Lighting System Test Setup 2: Comparison of PLC & Ethernet Channel Test Setup 3: Bluetooth Extension to PLC

Introduction n Powerline Communication (PLC), also known as Broadband Over Powerline (BPL) is a technique for sending high speed data through existing powerline as transmission medium. n PLC creates a high speed data communications network using the medium and low voltage electric distribution grids which connects consumers to the Internet through any electric socket in the consumers home. n Powerline is the worlds largest existing wired infrastructure.

Introduction… n The idea of sending data through the power distribution network is not new - First technique to make use of PLC for control message by the methods ‘Ripple Control’ in the early 1950 s. - Earlier technology used low frequency and data rate was very low. - Recent development has been achieved bit rate of several Mbps.

PLC Technology PLC System In-House Access • Uses the Building's electrical wiring to network computers and devices within a building. • This technology employs the outside distribution powerlines (i. e. medium-voltage or low-voltage) overhead or underground. One system uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to distribute the PLC/BPL signal over a width bandwidth using many narrow-band sub-carriers. At the injector side, data from the backbone network is converted into the OFDM signal format and then coupled onto one phase of the MV powerline.

PLC Applications Broadband Services n n n n High Speed Internet Access Voice Over IP Video Streaming Home Networking Home Automation Home Security Systems Telemedicine Applications Utility Applications n n n Automatic Meter Reading Internal Communications Demand Side Management Load monitoring Security Monitoring

Technical issues for PLC system n n Impedance mismatch in receiver side Channel attenuation Noise ( Background noise, Impulsive noise) Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues - Potential radio interference - Outdoor powerlines are excellent radiators of frequencies used in BPL systems, so they behave as transmitting ( and receiving) antennas. - Complex work to be done in order to establish accepted rules by which BPL can be operated In a safety way and without interference. Zt General powerline communication system Coupling Circuit PLC Channel Coupling Circuit Zl Transmitter Receiver

Regulation & Standards USA n FCC part 15: Primary forum for resolving radio interference claims. Throughout 2004, FCC adopted rules to facilitate the deployment of BPL. Europe: n ECC: Report 24(May 2003) n MPT 1570: UK standard n NB 30: German standard Standards n Home. Plug 1. 0: from Home. Plug power alliances. n IEEE P 1901: Standards for BPL network (still working)

Test setup 1: PLC-LED General Lighting System Ethernet i/f P L C Embedded Application C h a n n e l Ethernet i/f Serial i/f

Test setup 1: Equipments and working principle. n PLC modem ¨ ¨ n Microcontroller Board ¨ ¨ n ITRAN PLNET 13 Development Kit/ Phonex Neverwire 14 Data rate up to 2. 5/ 14 Mbps Wiznet EVB 8051 Embedded TCP/IP Ethernet Interface( WI 3100) Embedded Application Receiving Control Information in Client Mode, Connected to Server Through Ethernet Interface. ¨ Controlling the LED matrix Through Serial Interface ¨ n GUI Application ¨ ¨ n Running in Server Mode Sending LED Control Information as per Operator Input. LED Matrix

Test Setup 2: Comparison of PLC and Ethernet Channel n PLC and Ethernet Channels Comparison n Custom-developed SW designed for PLC channel performance measurements n measurement between 2 nodes : client server architecture n Accuracy up to order of nanosecond n Sends & receives data packets in a loop, and calculates average Round Trip Time (RTT) n Dump the results into files automatically n Data can be further analyzed using Matlab etc. n Window size indicates nr. of times same packet is sent to calculate an avg. value of RTT

Test Setup 2: Results Ethernet channel

Test Setup 2: Results PLC Channel

Test Setup 3: Bluetooth Extension to PLC network. n n PLC modems 2 Laptop ¨ n n n Symbian-based GUI to control the matrix LED-control Application ¨ n running on Laptop Internetworking BT device and PLC modem Serial Interface Ethernet Interface Nokia mobile ¨ n TCP/IP Com Embedded Application ¨ ¨ BT Interface Running on Laptop to control LED matrix via serial interface Blueottoth serial module LED Matrix Parallel Interface PL C Int erfac e

Publications n Recent Development of EMC Regulation in Power-Line Communications. WPMC'04, Abano Therme, Italy 13. -15. Sept. , 2004. pp. 202 -206. n Development of High-rate Control System for LED-based General Lighting Application. ISPLC'05, Vancouver Canada, April 6 -8, 2005.

Any Question? Thank You!