Helsinki Testbed 2005 2007 Mesoscale weather research Forecast

Helsinki Testbed 2005 -2007 Mesoscale weather research Forecast and dispersion models development and verification Information systems and technology integration End-user product development and demonstration Data distribution for public and research community 25. 1. 2005 Jani Poutiainen / Finnish Meteorological Institute

Roles of participating organizations Project coordination Participants in technical aspects Steering committee: Members indicated in blue background Vaisala: 1. Distributed weather stations, installations and maintenance 2. Collection of currently nonoperational data 3. Database programming 4. Funding 5. Research Nokia: 1. M 2 M technology Funding organizations Research and use of results Finnish Road Enterprise: 1. Funding 2. User of results IAAF WCA 2005: 1. Observation site host 2. Funding 3. User of results Helsinki metropolitan area council: 1. Observation site host 2. Funding 3. User of results Unibase: 1. Observation mast host Finnish Meteorological Institute: 1. Coordination 2. Station planning 3. Current observations 4. Combined database 5. Data distribution 6. Funding 7. Research Technology agency of Finland: 1. Funding Helsinki Univ. of Technology: 1. Product distribution during WCA 2005 Outsourced services: 1. Data warehouse web-interface Radiation and nuclear safety authority Finland: 1. Funding 2. Research Finnish Road Administration: 1. Road weather observations 2. Funding 3. User of results Finnish volunteer coast guard association: 1. Observation vessel host Ferry company X: 1. Observation vessel host

Mesosc Space Time ale scale termi nolog y Meso-α 2006 h– 2 d 2000 km Meso-β 20 -200 30 min – km 6 h Meso-γ Orlanski (1975) 2 -20 km 3 -30 min

A definition for ”testbed” (Dabberdt et al. 2004): ”A testbed is a working relationship in a quasi-operational framework among measurement specialists, forecasters, researchers, private-sector, and government agencies aimed at solving operational and practical regional [insert phenomenon or forecast challenge] problems with a strong connection to the end-users. Outcomes from a testbed are more effective observing systems, better use of data in forecasts, improved services, products, and economic/public safety benefits. Testbeds accelerate the translation of R&D findings into better operations, services, and decision-making. A successful testbed requires physical assets as well as long-term commitments and partnerships. ”

Research plan • Water phase: rain/snow/mixed • Visibility – Fog and precipitation phase and intensity • Inversion height and strength • Air quality model • Sea breeze • Sensitivity tests with local area models • Road surface radiation balance model

Measurement periods and themes: • • Snowing on Nov 20 th 2004, Helsinki (May 2005 test of communications) August 2005 – Nowcasting by extrapolation – World Championships in Athletics – No database yet, limited remote sensing instrumentation • November 2005 – Snow/rain • January-February 2006 – Stable boundary layer and inversions • May 2006 • – Sea breeze, fog August 2006 – Convection on Jul 5 th 2003, Helsinki

All stations except road weather stations (plan on 21. 1. 2005): For clarity, Finnish Road Administration’s road weather stations are mapped separately

FMI’s automatic sites for Helsinki testbed & comparison: Estimate for intense area: 16 (FMI), Vaisala, Kumpula, 30 link masts, 20 other WXTs and standalone loggers, 3 ship, 9 precip stations, and 23 road stations. 103 pcs. Avg station distance of 8, 7 km Compare to 138 automated FMI stations in whole country Avg station distance of 49, 5 km ~170 km ~90 km Intense network with most WXTs Larger area incl. model fields

Suggested Unibase masts, 60 -100 m height; (plan on 19. 1. 2005): Masts with 3 heights, middle height doubled Heights: 2 m and mast top

Ceilo (triangle: CT 25 K, circle CL 31) Sounding (circle) and possible profiler sites (triangle)

Rain measurements -belt: radar 20 -60 km -dot: manual obs -big diamond: FD 12 P -small diamond: potential FD 12 P -triangle: autom snow depth -square: weighing gauge

FMI automated surface station (circle) and manual activity (big circle)

Surface WXT 510 & standalone loggers; mainly Helsinki area: Helsinki Hernesaari testbed Helsinki Bulevardi testbed Helsinki ydinkeskusta testbed Helsinki Eläintarha testbed Helsinki Vallila testbed Vantaa Tikkurila testbed Helsinki Olympiastadion testbed Helsinki Roihupelto testbed Espoo Leppävaara testbed Nummi-Pusula, Loukku testbed Helsinki Itä-Pakila heat island Vantaa Pakkala heat island Vantaa Asola heat island Helsinki Tapulikaupunki heat island Sipoo, Östersundom heat island Kirkkonummi Sundsberg heat island Vantaa Riipilä mäki heat island Vantaa Riipilä laakso heat island Helsinki Harju heat island Helsinki Pitäjänmäki heat island Helsinki Itä-Pakila heat island ------------------------------------Total 21 pcs.

Remote sensing: • 3 D composite of FMI 4 Doppler C-band radars • Estonian radar in Tallinn • C-band dual polarimetric radar • Lightning location • RASS + mobile wind profiler • Meteosat 8 Seviri • NOAA • Ceilometers CT 25 K & CL 31

Other considered data sources: • Soundings (Jokioinen, Uusimaa, Tallinn) • GTS transmitted surface and remote sensing observations • Other masts (Kivenlahti, Loviisa, Kumpula etc. ) • Air quality data (Helsinki metropolitan area council YTV) • Newspaper weather maps • Hirlam forecast fields • Sat. Reps • SAFs

http: //www. fmi. fi/testbed - Thank you -