HECHMS The Hydrologic Engineering Centers Hydrologic Modeling System
- Slides: 62
HEC-HMS The Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Hydrologic Modeling System (HMS)
Summary of Topics - HEC-HMS l Premier Hydrologic Model Today (HEC) l Performs RF-RO Calculations for Watersheds l Basic Input and Output Options l Precipitation Options l Unit Hydrograph Options l Flood Routing Option l Creating and Viewing Results and Graphs
Execution of HEC-HMS l Running actual projects l Calibration to gage data l Castro Valley case study l Keegans example l Linkage with GIS/NEXRAD data (HEC Geo-HMS)
The Hydrologic Cycle
Uses of the HEC Program Models the rainfall-runoff process in a watershed based on watershed physiographic data l l l Offers a variety of modeling options in order to compute UH for basin areas. Offers a variety of options for flood routing along streams. Capable of estimating parameters for calibration of each basin based on comparison of computed data to observed data
HEC-1 Program History HEC-1 - History of Model Development Separate Programs: 1967 by Leo R. Beard l Major Revision and Unification: 1973 l Second Major Revision: 1981 (Dam Breach, Kinematic Wave) l PC Versions: 1984 (partial), 1988 (full) l
HEC-1/HMS Program History Current Versions: 1991, 1998 l l 1991 Version Provides Extended Memory Support 1998 Version 4. 1 is Final Release HEC “Nex. Gen” Project Begins 1990 (RAS, HMS, FDA) HEC-HMS - New GUI and Updates First Release April 1998 l Version 1. 1 Released April 1999 l Current Version 2. 0. 3 l
HEC-HMS Background Purpose of HEC-HMS Improved User Interface, Graphics, and Reporting l Improved Hydrologic Computations l Integration of Related Hydrologic Capabilities l Importance of HEC-HMS Foundation for Future Hydrologic Software l Replacement for HEC-1 l
Improvements over HEC-1 Ease of Use projects divided into three components l user can run projects with different parameters instead of creating new projects l hydrologic data stored as DSS files l capable of handling NEXRAD-rainfall data and gridded precipitation l Converts HEC-1 files into HMS files
HEC-HMS Availability Available Through HEC Vendors Available at HEC Web Site: http: //www. wrc-hec. usace. army. mil “Public Domain” Program No Copyright on Software No Copyright on HEC Documentation Special Training Available
Program Organization Main project screen l Connects to all data and information through menus
Using HEC-HMS Three components l Basin model - contains the elements of the basin, their connectivity, and runoff parameters l Meteorologic Model - contains the rainfall and evapotranspiration data l Control Specifications - contains the start/stop timing and calculation intervals for the run
Project Definition l l May contain several basin models, meteorologic models, and control specifications User can select a variety of combinations of the three models in order to see the effects of changing parameters on one subbasin
Basin Model l l Based on Graphical User Interface (GUI) Click on elements from left and drag into basin area Can import map files from GIS programs to use as background Actual locations of elements do not matter, just connectivity and runoff parameters
Basin Model Elements l l subbasins- contains data for subbasins (losses, UH transform, and baseflow) reaches- connects elements together and contains flood routing data junctions- connection point between elements reservoirs- stores runoff and releases runoff at a specified rate (storage-discharge relation)
Basin Model Elements l sinks- has an inflow but no outflow l sources- has an outflow but no inflow l diversions- diverts a specified amount of runoff to an element based on a rating curve - used for detention storage elements or overflows
Basin Model Parameters Loss rate, UH transform, and baseflow methods
Abstractions (Losses) Interception Storage Depression Storage Surface Storage Evaporation Infiltration Interflow Groundwater and Base Flow
Loss Rate methods Green & Ampt Initial & constant SCS curve no. Gridded SCS curve no. Deficit/Constant No loss rate
Initial and Uniform Loss Computation Initial Loss Applied at Beginning of Storm Estimated from Previous or SCS data l Sand: 0. 80 -1. 50 inches; Clay: 0. 40 -1. 00 inches l Uniform Loss Applied Throughout Storm Also Estimated From Previous Studies or SCS Data l Sand: 0. 10 -0. 0 in/hr; Clay 0. 05 -0. 15 in/hr l
HEC-HMS Loss Entry Window
Rainfall/Runoff Transformation l l Unit Hydrograph Distributed Runoff Grid-Based Transformation Methods: l l l Clark Snyder SCS Input Ordinates Mod. Clark Kinematic Wave
Unit Hydrograph Definition: l Sub-Basin Surface Outflow Due to Unit (1 -in) Rainfall Excess Applied Uniformly Over a Sub. Basin in a Specified Time Duration of UH: l HEC-HMS Sets Duration Equal to Computation Interval
Synthetic Unit Hydrographs Computed from Basin Characteristics HEC- HMS Synthetic Unit Hydrographs l l l SCS Dimensionless Unit graph Clark Unit Hydrograph (TC & R) Snyder Unit Hydrograph User-Defined Input Unit Hydrograph Mod. Clark Unit Hydrograph
Clark Unit Hydrograph Computation
Estimating Time of Concentration for Clark Unit Hydrograph Hydraulic Analysis Method l l Compute Travel Time in Open Channels and Storm Sewers based on Flow Velocities Compute Reservoir Travel Time from Wave Velocity Overland Flow Equations l l Kerby Method Kirpich Method Overton & Meadows SCS TR-55 Method for Shallow Concentrated Flow
Baseflow Options recession l constant monthly l linear reservoir l no baseflow l
Stream Flow Routing Simulates Movement of Flood Wave Through Stream Reach l Accounts for Storage and Flow Resistance l Allows modeling of a watershed with subbasins l
Reach Routing Flood routing methods: Simple Lag Modified Puls Muskingum Cunge Kinematic Wave
HEC-HMS Methods for Stream Flow Routing l Hydraulic Methods - Uses partial form of St Venant Equations Kinematic Wave Method l Muskingum-Cunge Method l l Hydrologic Methods Muskingum Method l Storage Method (Modified Puls) l Lag Method l
Effects of Stream Flow Routing Avg Inflow - Avg Outflow = d. S/dt y. Storage S Inflow Outflow Dt
Modified Puls (Storage) Stream Flow Routing Method Storage-Indication Relationship: I - Q = (d. S/dt) Averaging at two points in time: 1 and 2 I 1 + I 2 + (2 S 1/Dt - Q 1)= (2 S 2/Dt + Q 2)
HEC-HMS Stream Flow Routing Data Window
Storage-Discharge Relationships
Stream Flow Diversions Diversion Identification Maximum Volume of Diversion (Optional) Maximum Rate of Diversion (Optional) Diversion Rating Table Stream Flow Rates Upstream of Diversion l Corresponding Diversion Rates l
Stream Flow Diversions Flow is allowed to move from one channel to another via a side weir or flow across a low divide Weir Diverted Q Flow increases until a fixed level and then a flow diversion table determines rate through the weir or across the divide
Reservoir Routing Developed Outside HEC-HMS Storage Specification Alternatives: Storage versus Discharge Storage versus Elevation Surface Area versus Elevation Discharge Specification Alternatives: Spillways, Low-Level Outlets, Pumps Dam Safety: Embankment Overflow, Dam Breach
Reservoirs Pond storage with outflow pipe Orifice flow Weir flows Inflow and Outflow
Reservoir Data Input Initial Conditions to Be Considered l l Inflow = Outflow Initial Storage Values Initial Outflow Initial Elevation Data Relates to Both Storage/Area and Discharge HEC-1 Routing Routines with Initial Conditions and Elevation Data can be Imported as Reservoir Elements
Reservoir Data Input Window
Meteorologic Model Precipitation user hyetograph user gage weighting inverse-distance gage weighting gridded precipitation frequency storm standard project storm Eastern U. S. Evapotranspiration-ET monthly average, no evapotranspiration
Precipitation Historical Rainfall Data Recording Gages Non-Recording Rainfall Gages Design Storms Hypothetical Frequency Storms Corps Standard Project Storm Probable Maximum Precipitation
Gage Data (from project definition screen) Precipitation gagesprecipitation data for use with meteorologic models Stream gages- observed level data to compare computed and actual results
Precipitation: Gridded Weather Radar Data from National Weather Service Nex. RAD program, Doppler Radar Data must be manipulated and stored in DSS file format Grids are HRAP (NWS) or SHG (HEC) HRAP uses spherical projections and generalized earth radius values SHG uses Albers Equal Area projections Grids cover about 1 square kilometer Historical raw data may not be archived
Sources of Rainfall Intensity-Duration-Frequency (IDF) East of 105 th Meridian (Denver) NWS HYDRO-5 (5 minutes to 60 minutes) l NWS TP-40 (2 hours to 24 hours) - 1961 l NWS TP-49 (2 days to 10 days) l West of 105 th Meridian l NOAA Atlas 2 (Separate Volumes for Each State)
Input and Output Files project-name. HMS: List of models, descriptions and project default method options basin-model-name. BASIN: Basin model data, including connectivity information precipitation-model-name. PRECIP: Precipitation model data control-specifications- name. CONTROL: Control specifications run-name. LOG: Messages generated during execution of run project-name. RUN: List of runs, including most recent execution time
Input and Output Files project-name. DSS: DSS file containing basin model data such as computed hydrographs and storage discharge relationships project-name. DSC: List of files contained in DSS file project-name. OUT: Log of operations for the DSS file project-name. MAP: Coordinate point file for subbasin boundaries and channel location project-name. GAGE: Listing of gages available for use in the project HMStemp. TMP: Echo listing of imported HEC-1 model
Data Storage System (DSS) Multiple time series or relational data sets Each data set or record has a unique pathname/Castro Valley/Fire Dept/PRECIP-INC/16 Jan 197/10 min/Obs/ Pathnames Consist of Parts A through F l Part A: General name, project name l Part B: Specific name, or control point l Part C: Data type (PRECIP-INC, PRECIP-CUM, FLOW, STORAGE, etc. ) l Part D: Start Date l Part E: Time interval l Part F: User specified
The HEC-HMS “Options” Precipitation Option (6 available) Loss Computation (5 available) Runoff Transform Computation (6 available) Routing Computation (7 available) Over 6 x 5 x 6 x 7 = 1, 260 Combinations Subbasin routing reach
Control Specifications - Start/Stop/Time Interval
Running a project User selects the 1. Basin model 2. Meteorologic model 3. Control ID for the HMS run
Viewing Results l l To view the results: right-click on any basin element, results will be for that point Display of results: hydrograph- graphs outflow vs. time summary table- gives the peak flow and time of peak time-series table- tabular form of outflow vs. time l l Comparing computed and actual results: plot observed data on the same hydrograph to by selecting a discharge gage for an element
Viewing Results hydrograph
HEC-HMS Output 1. Tables Summary Detailed (Time Series) 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Hyetograph Plots Sub-Basin Hydrograph Plots Routed Hydrograph Plots Combined Hydrograph Plots Recorded Hydrographs - comparison
Viewing Results Summary table Time series table
HEC-HMS Output Sub-Basin Plots Runoff Hydrograph Hyetograph Abstractions Base Flow
HEC-HMS Output Junction Plots Tributary Hydrographs Combined Hydrograph Recorded Hydrograph
Purpose of Calibration Can Compute Sub-Basin Parameters Loss Function Parameters Unit Hydrograph Parameters Can Compute Stream Flow Routing Parameters Requires Gage Records
FINALLY - information on HEC-HMS www. hec. usace. army. mil/software_ distrib/hec-hms/hechmsprogram. html (the user’s manual can be downloaded from this site) www. dodson-hydro. com/download. htm# Electronic_Documents Available on the laboratory computers
- Hechms
- Hydrologic engineering center
- Hydrologic engineering center
- River analysis system
- Hydrologic engineering center
- Helen c. erickson nursing theory
- Dimensional modeling vs relational modeling
- Point of sale use case diagram
- What is system modeling in software engineering
- Level pool routing example
- Hydrologic routing
- Infiltration
- Storage equation
- Hydrologic abstractions
- Hydrologic continuity equation
- Objectiveable
- Hydrology continuity equation
- Water cycle the hydrologic cycle
- Applied hydrology
- Scenario based modeling
- Class based modeling in software engineering
- Class based modeling in software engineering
- Mathematical modeling and engineering problem solving
- Scenario-based modeling in software engineering
- Computational engineering and physical modeling
- Mathematical modeling and engineering problem solving
- Computer based system engineering
- Dfd chapter 5
- Requirements modeling in system analysis and design
- Rotational mechanical system example
- Hình ảnh bộ gõ cơ thể búng tay
- Lp html
- Bổ thể
- Tỉ lệ cơ thể trẻ em
- Chó sói
- Tư thế worms-breton
- Chúa yêu trần thế
- Các môn thể thao bắt đầu bằng tiếng chạy
- Thế nào là hệ số cao nhất
- Các châu lục và đại dương trên thế giới
- Công thức tiính động năng
- Trời xanh đây là của chúng ta thể thơ
- Cách giải mật thư tọa độ
- 101012 bằng
- Phản ứng thế ankan
- Các châu lục và đại dương trên thế giới
- Thơ thất ngôn tứ tuyệt đường luật
- Quá trình desamine hóa có thể tạo ra
- Một số thể thơ truyền thống
- Cái miệng xinh xinh thế chỉ nói điều hay thôi
- Vẽ hình chiếu vuông góc của vật thể sau
- Biện pháp chống mỏi cơ
- đặc điểm cơ thể của người tối cổ
- Thứ tự các dấu thăng giáng ở hóa biểu
- Vẽ hình chiếu đứng bằng cạnh của vật thể
- Phối cảnh
- Thẻ vin
- đại từ thay thế
- điện thế nghỉ
- Tư thế ngồi viết
- Diễn thế sinh thái là
- Dot
- Số nguyên tố là