Hebrew Qal Perfect Verbs CHAPTER 3 Speak and

Hebrew Qal Perfect Verbs CHAPTER 3

Speak and write Hebrew: טוב בוקר שלום Hello, good morning good morning Hello טוב ערב שלום Hello, good evening good evening Hello טוב לילה שלום Hello, good night good night Hello טוב מזל Good luck = congratulations! good fortune

Review Hebrew Alphabet: Consonants and Sounds: ל כ י ט ח ז ו ה ד ג ב א ש ש ר ק צ פ ע ס נ מ ת

Vowel List a-class 1. Qāmeṣ 2. Qāmeṣ hê 3. Pataḥ 4. Ḥatēf-pataḥ א (Long) “ ה a” as in far â אה (Long) “a” as in far a א (short) “a” as in far ā “a” as in attach xă א (half vowel)

Vowel List e-class vowels א (long) 6. Ṣerê Yôd “ י e” as in they ê אי (vowel let) 7. Seghôl “e” as in set e א (short) 8. Seghôl Yôd “ י e” as in set ê אי (vowel let) 5. Ṣerê 9. Ḥatēf-Seghôl “e” as in they ē “e” as in set xĕ א (half vowel)

Vowel List i and o-class vowels 10. Ḥîreq “i” as in fit i א (short) 11. Ḥîreq Yôd י “i” as in ski î 12. Ḥôlem “o” as in so ō אי (vowel let. ) א (long) 13. Ḥôlem Vāv ו “o” as in so ô או (vowel let. ) 14. Qāmeṣ Ḥatûf “o” as in so o א (short) 15. Ḥatēf Qāmeṣ “o” as in commit xŏ א (half vowel)

Vowel List 16. Qibbûṣ א (short) או (vowel let. ) א (half vowel) “u” as in rule u 17. Šûreq ו “u” as in rule û 18. Ševā’ “e” as in met xe Open [CV] / Closed [CVC] syllables, Dagesh lene/forte—in non-BEGAD KEPHAT letters Silent/vocal Ševā’ Quiescent letters: א and ה

Hevenu Shalom Aleichem https: //youtu. be/JB 4 RMIWro. MY to you peace we bring עליכם שלום הבאנו

Chapter 2 Vocabulary land, earth, ground ארץ man, human איש woman, wife אשה

Chapter 2 Vocabulary word, matter, thing דבר to go, walk הלך Yahweh, Jehovah, LORD יהוה

Chapter 2 Vocabulary day, daylight, time יו ם Israel ישראל no, not לא king, ruler, prince מלך

Practice with Vowel Identification ויהי־אור׃ אור יהי אלהים ויאמר (Gen 1: 3)

3. A Tri-consonantal root Many Hebrew words are built off a tri-consonantal root with various prefixes (often ת or )מ or suffixes ( ה ים or ות for nouns--masculine/feminine singular/plural) and various pronominal suffixes added to the ends of verbs ( תי or ת , etc. 1 st person, 2 nd person, 3 rd person, singular/plural) or infixes ( י or ו etc. ).

Tri-consonantal roots צדק to be just (verb) צדקתי I am righteous/innocent (1 cs verb) righteousness (noun: masculine) צדק צדיק צדקה righteousness (noun: feminine) צדוק righteous, just (adjective) Zadok (proper noun; name of priest from David’s time)

Verbs: Perfect and Imperfect The perfect (ca. 21, 000 usages) is usually translated as a simple past tense portraying the action as completed (e. g. שמר he guarded). The imperfect (ca. 31, 000 usages) is often translated either as a future ( אשמר I will guard) or as a present progressive ( אשמר I am guarding).

7 Verb Patterns (called binyanim [ )]בנינים Simple Active Qal ( שמר Intensive Causative ) Piel ( שמר ) Hiphil ( השמיר ) Passive Niphal ( ) נשמר Pual ( ) שמר Hophal ( ) השמר Reflexive Hithpael ( ) השתמר

3. E. Qal Perfect Paradigm Singular Plural 1 CS I guarded 1 CP we guarded 2 MS you (m. ) guarded 2 MP you (m. ) guarded 2 FS you (f. ) guarded 2 FP you (f. ) guarded 3 MS he guarded 3 CP they guarded 3 FS she guarded

3. E. Qal Perfect Paradigm Singular Plural שמרתי I guarded 1 CP שמרנו we guarded 2 MS שמרת you (m. ) guarded 2 MP שמרתם you (m. ) guarded 2 FS שמרת you (f. ) guarded 2 FP שמרתן you (f. ) guarded 3 MS שמר he guarded 3 CP שמרו they guarded 1 CS 3 FS שמרה she guarded

3. E. Qal Perfect Paradigm – First Chant (know this by heart) Singular Plural 1 CS שמרתי 1 CP שמרנו 2 MS שמרת 2 MP שמרתם 2 FS שמרת 2 FP שמרתן 3 MS שמר 3 FS שמרה 3 CP שמרו

3. H The Direct Object Marker את or את when the object is definite (e. g. She bought the book) את־האור אלהים וירא

3. I Parsing format The parsing format will be how we identify the various morphological elements of a verb, the root and a suggested translation. שמר is parsed as: Qal Perfect 3 ms (3 rd person, masculine, singular) from שמר translated “he guarded”

3. J. A Few Regular or Strong Perfect Verbs to bless, praise קבץ to gather זכר to remember פקד to visit כתב to write קרב to approach כרת to make a covenant קטל to kill משל to rule שבר to break מלך to rule שפט to judge ברך

3. K. Paradigms of other regular verbs 1 CS קטלתי 2 MS קטלת קטל to kill I killed 1 CP קטלנו קטלתם you (m. ) killed 3 MP קטלתן you (f. ) killed 3 CP קטלו they killed you (m. ) killed 2 MP קטלת you (f. ) killed 3 MS קטל he killed 3 FS קטלה she killed 2 FS we killed

Chapter 3 Vocabulary אב father, ancestor אלהים God, god 2, 600 אמר to say 5, 309 בית house, palace, dynasty 2, 050 היה to be, become, happen 3, 561 1, 210

Chapter 3 Vocabulary זכר to remember, mention כתב to write עם people קטל to slay, kill שמר to keep, watch over, guard 516 232 223 1, 867 3

Speak Hebrew טוב בוקר שלום Hello, good morning good morning Hello נשמע מה How’s it going? it going how’s תודה טוב Good, thanks good להתראות Good-bye

3. P. Sing: Hinneh Mah Tov (Ps. 133: 1) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=l. Zs 9 ld 3 kl. Po&t=0 s&index=1&list=PLn. N Xz. Yj. Qer. Jia_8 y. Ty 8 Or. M 2 K-Bi. N 5 OEup or Search for “Canto Ebraico "Hinei ma tov" Salmo 133” Preformance https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=l. HNQIs. Zx. DKo&t=34 s&index=44&list=P Ln. NXz. Yj. Qer. Jia_8 y. Ty 8 Or. M 2 K-Bi. N 5 OEup or Search for “Psalm 133: 1, Sung in Hebrew” Dr. David Howard (Bethel Sem. ) (sing as a round—jump into this video at 1: 53 to listen to just the song) https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=ehn. KHh. J 26 p. Q (single guy with guitar)

יחד׃ גם־ אחים שבת ומה־נעים מה־טוב הנה as one brothers dwell and how pleasant how good behold How good and pleasant it is when brothers live together in unity! (repeat) Chorus: יחד׃ גם־ אחים שבת מה־טוב הנה How good when brothers live together in unity!