HEAT VOCABULARY Rub your hands together quickly What

HEAT VOCABULARY

Rub your hands together quickly. What happens? ______________ _ The energy from your moving hands changed toheat. Heat is a form of energythat makes matter warmer. Heat is the amount of thermal energyin an item.

Thermal (heat) Energy The energy or movement of tiny particles of matter. Matter isanything that takes up space and has mass. It can come in the form of solid, liquid, or gas.

Temperature The measure ofthermalenergy, which is how hot or coldsomething is.

Thermometer An instrument used to measure temperature. The units of temperature are called degrees. The symbol for degrees is a tiny, raised circleº.

Celsius A Metricunit of measure used to indicate temperature. Fahrenheit A Customaryunit of measure used to indicate temperature.

THINK TIME! Vocabulary Words: heat, thermal energy, matter, temperature, thermometer, Celsius and Fahrenheit • Tell your partner everything you remember about the above vocabulary words. (mastery) • Which of the above vocabulary words is the toughest for you to understand? Which is the easiest? Why? (interpersonal) • Hypothesize: Identify some possible reasons why there are two units of measure used to indicate temperature. (understanding) • Create a short jingle or song to describe one of the vocabulary words. (self-expressive)

Heat Transfer The movement ofheat. Heat moves from a warmerobject to acolderobject. Three types of heat transfer include convection , conduction , and radiation.

Convection The transfer of heat through gases and liquidsby the movement of these particles. Example: Imagine a hot air balloon, it floats because the air inside is hotter than the air outside. Hot air rises since it is hotter than the surrounding air, and cold air sinks since it is cooler than the surrounding air. It becomes a cycle. In a lava lamp, the blobs go up and down pushed by convection currents.

Conduction The transfer of heat by direct contact between particles of matter. Example: Pour hot water into a cup and feel the heat through the cup. Feel the cold when you have a glass of ice water and the cold comes through the glass.

Radiation The transfer of heat in the form of electromagnet waves. Example: Found in toasters, electric ovens and electric stoves. The heat from the heating elements is radiant heat and this is what cooks the food.

THINK TIME! • List the three types of heat transfer. (mastery) • Have you ever been in a situation where you experienced conduction? What did it feel like? (interpersonal) • Prove/disprove the following statement. Solar energy is a form of radiation. (understanding) • Act out the cycle of convection. (self-expressive)

Insulator A material thatdoes notlet heat travel through it easily and slows the transfer of heat or thermal energy. Examples: wool, plastic, cotton

Conductor A material that heat travels through easily. Examples: metals like copper and steel

THINK TIME! • List examples of conductors and insulators. (mastery) • Suppose you are caught in a snowstorm. Would you rather be wearing an insulator or a conductor? Why? (interpersonal) • What are some similarities and differences between insulators and conductors? (understanding) • Create a simile using an example of an insulator or conductor. (self-expressive)

Condense To change from agas to a liquid. This occurs when water vapors are cooled.

Melt To change from asolid to a liquid. This occurs when ice is heated.

Freeze To change to asolid. This occurs when water is cooled to a temperature below 0º Celsius or 32º Fahrenheit.

Evaporate To change from aliquidto a gas. This occurs when water is boiled.

THINK TIME! Vocabulary Words: heat, condense, melt, freeze and evaporate • Turn your paper over and write down everything you remember about the above words. (mastery) • Pretend you were at a picnic on a hot day. Your cooler had ice and drinks in it, and you left the lid open while you played kickball for over an hour. Use the above words to describe what you found in your cooler after you finished playing. (interpersonal) • Describe how heat is added or removed to create each of the 3 states of water. Use the above words to help you. (understanding) • What if water froze at 50ºF instead of 32ºF? (selfexpressive)

Friction Force that worksagainst the movement of two objects that are in contact with each other. The movement can create heat.

Energy The ability or power to do workor make an effort.

Heat Sources An object or action that produces thermal (heat) energy. Examples: burning(fire), rubbing (friction), mixing(mixing), orsolar energy(energy given off by the sun).