Heat Thermal Energy and Temperature Thermal Energy is

Heat, Thermal Energy and Temperature

�Thermal Energy is the total kinetic energy and electric potential energy of all the atoms in a substance. The thermal energy is affected by the speed of the particles, the total mass, the substance and the state of matter.

�Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the atoms in a substance. Temperature is affected by the average speed of the particles and the mass of the particles.

�Heat is the amount of thermal energy transferred from one substance to another. Thermal energy is transferred from a substance at a higher temperature to a substance at a lower temperature.

Methods of Transferring Heat �Heat can be moved from one object to another or one place to another by one of three methods: ◦ Conduction ◦ Convection ◦ Radiation

Conduction �Conduction transfers heat through a substance by the collision of the particles. Metals are good conductors of heat.

Convection �Convection transfers heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas). This movement is caused by differences in density between warmer and cooler areas in a fluid.

Radiation �Radiation transfers heat by radiant energy of electro-magnetic waves. Infrared is the type of electromagnetic energy that usually transfers this energy.

�Conduction transfers heat through a substance by the collision of the particles. Metals are good conductors of heat. �Convection transfers heat by the movement of a fluid (liquid or gas). This movement is caused by differences in density between warmer and cooler areas in a fluid. �Radiation transfers heat by radiant energy of electromagnetic waves. Infrared is the type of electro-magnetic energy that usually transfers this energy.