Heat Engines Heat Engines First Law and Heat

  • Slides: 18
Download presentation
Heat Engines • • Heat Engines. First Law and Heat Engines Carnot cycle. Refrigerators

Heat Engines • • Heat Engines. First Law and Heat Engines Carnot cycle. Refrigerators & Air conditioners. Heat Pumps. 2 nd Law considerations. Entropy.

Heat engines • Examples of Heat Engines – – – Steam engine Coal plant

Heat engines • Examples of Heat Engines – – – Steam engine Coal plant Nuclear plant Automobile Jet engine • Each of these has – Hot source – Cold source – Path from hot to cold which can be diverted to work • Expanding piston steam engine, car engine • Pressure difference across turbine blade

Steam engine • Path from hot to cold which can be diverted to work

Steam engine • Path from hot to cold which can be diverted to work – Expanding piston steam engine. – Pressure difference across turbine blade.

Internal combustion engine • Path from hot to cold which can be diverted to

Internal combustion engine • Path from hot to cold which can be diverted to work – Expanding piston car engine. – Hot reservoir inside engine, cold reservoir tailpipe – “Internal combustion” engine.

Heat Engine Animations • Otto Cycle (automobile) http: //www. animatedengines. com/otto. html • Otto

Heat Engine Animations • Otto Cycle (automobile) http: //www. animatedengines. com/otto. html • Otto Cycle (automobile) https: //sites. google. com/site/physicsflash/home/otto

First Law and Heat Engines •

First Law and Heat Engines •

Heat Engine efficiency •

Heat Engine efficiency •

Efficiency Example •

Efficiency Example •

“Everything” problem – getting efficiency • ΔU Work Q a -> b +6000 J

“Everything” problem – getting efficiency • ΔU Work Q a -> b +6000 J +4000 J 10000 J b -> c -4500 J c -> d -3000 J -2000 J -5000 J d -> a +1500 J entire cycle 0 J 2000 J

Carnot cycle – most efficient cycle •

Carnot cycle – most efficient cycle •

Carnot cycle animation • Note cycle bounded by upper and lower isotherms (red/blue) and

Carnot cycle animation • Note cycle bounded by upper and lower isotherms (red/blue) and left and right adiabats (green) http: //educypedia. karadimov. info/library/carnot. swf

Carnot cycle examples •

Carnot cycle examples •

Forward and reverse Carnot cycle • Forward Carnot cycle (heat engine) • Reverse Carnot

Forward and reverse Carnot cycle • Forward Carnot cycle (heat engine) • Reverse Carnot cycle (refrigeration) • QH in • Work, QL out • Clockwise cycle • Work, QL in • QH out • Counterclockwise cycle

Refrigeration – Heat Engine in Reverse Basic Operation 1. Compress gas and liquefy to

Refrigeration – Heat Engine in Reverse Basic Operation 1. Compress gas and liquefy to high temperature/pressure 2. Cool liquefied gas at high pressure (Q out) 3. Expand gas and evaporate to low temperature/pressure 4. Warm evaporated gas at low pressure (Q in) Thermodynamic cycle running backwards.

Forward and reverse Carnot animation • Forward animation (heat engine) • Reverse animation (refrigeration)

Forward and reverse Carnot animation • Forward animation (heat engine) • Reverse animation (refrigeration) educypedia. karadimov. info/library/AF_2202. swf educypedia. karadimov. info/library/AF_2205. swf

Efficiency, Coefficient of Performance • •

Efficiency, Coefficient of Performance • •

Example 15 -13 •

Example 15 -13 •

Heat Pump - Problem 32 •

Heat Pump - Problem 32 •

Internal Combustion Engines and Lasers Heat Engines InInternal Combustion Engines and Lasers Heat Engines In
Lecture 6 GEOS 24705 Steam engines heat enginesLecture 6 GEOS 24705 Steam engines heat engines
Heat Engines 1 External Combustion Engines steam engineHeat Engines 1 External Combustion Engines steam engine
14 Heat Specific heat and Latent heat Heat14 Heat Specific heat and Latent heat Heat
14 Heat Specific heat and Latent heat Heat14 Heat Specific heat and Latent heat Heat
HEAT ENERGY HEAT Heat Energy What is HeatHEAT ENERGY HEAT Heat Energy What is Heat
Specific Heat HEAT SPECIFIC HEAT Specific heat PHASESpecific Heat HEAT SPECIFIC HEAT Specific heat PHASE
HEAT ENGINES AND HEAT PUMPS PAGES 564 566HEAT ENGINES AND HEAT PUMPS PAGES 564 566
Physics 12 UCSD Heat Engines Heat Pumps andPhysics 12 UCSD Heat Engines Heat Pumps and
Integration of Heat and Power HEAT ENGINES RESERVIORIntegration of Heat and Power HEAT ENGINES RESERVIOR
Integration of Heat and Power HEAT ENGINES RESERVIORIntegration of Heat and Power HEAT ENGINES RESERVIOR
19 Second Law Thermo Heat Engines and 219 Second Law Thermo Heat Engines and 2
Chapter 11 Heat Engines and the Second LawChapter 11 Heat Engines and the Second Law
Heat engines and the nd 2 Law ofHeat engines and the nd 2 Law of
Heat engines and the nd 2 Law ofHeat engines and the nd 2 Law of
Laws of Thermodynamics Heat Engines and Entropy FirstLaws of Thermodynamics Heat Engines and Entropy First
Heat Engines How do we get the heatHeat Engines How do we get the heat