HEART RATE LAB Heart Beat Measuring heart rate

HEART RATE LAB • Heart Beat • Measuring heart rate under different conditions. • Do Investigating claims on your own.

CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • Takes 60 seconds for a blood cell to make a complete circuit of the body • 5. 6 liters of blood being pumped at a time • Your heart will beat 100, 000 times today = 2 liters • 35 million beats a year • Aorta- diameter of garden house, capillaries as thin as a hair = 1 liter

FUNCTIONS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM • Transportation • Oxygen • Nutrients • Removal • Wastes from tissues • The “Blood Mobile”

WHAT’S IN YOUR BLOOD? • Plasma • • Liquid part of the blood 90% water • White Blood Cells • • Fight infection • Engulf bacteria cells Red Blood Cells • Most common blood cells • • Hemoglobin transported • Carries oxygen Platelets • • Cell fragments Helps clot blood

BLOOD VESSELS • Artery “away” • Blood pushed away from heart • Blood vessel where a pulse can be felt • Delivers oxygen-rich blood to capillaries • High pressure • Capillaries • Smallest blood vessel • Exchange materials, from blood to tissues and tissues to blood O 2, CO 2, waster, nutrients • Veins • Contains valves • • Brings wastes to the heart and lungs Low pressure • Varicose Veins valves no longer work

THE HUMAN HEART All Muscle

YOU’VE GOTTA HAVE HEART • Heart failure is the leading cause of death in men and women • ~ 800, 000 Americans a year of a heart attack • ~ 500, 000 Americans who have already had a heart attack have another one every year • Heart disease costs in America ~ $108. 9 billion

YOU’VE GOTTA HAVE HEART • Risk Factors • Inactivity-53% • Obesity- 34% • High Blood Pressure- 32% • Cigarette Smoking- 21% • High Cholesterol- 15% • Diabetes- 11%

EXTERNAL VIEW superior vena cava pulmonary artery aorta pulmonary vein coronary artery right atrium inferior vena cava left ventricle right ventricle

INTERNAL VIEW Superior Vena Cava Inferior Vena Cava

INTERNAL VEIW Right Atrium

INTERNAL VIEW Right Ventricle

INTERNAL VIEW Pulmonary Arteries

INTERNAL VIEW Left Pulmonary Veins

INTERNAL VIEW Left Atrium

INTERNAL VIEW Left ventricle

INTERNAL VIEW Aortic arch Aorta

INTERNAL VIEW Semilunar Valves Bicuspid Valve Tricuspid Valve Septum

NODES • Natural pacemakers • Sinoatrial Node (SV node or SA node) • Cardiac muscle mass on top of right atrium • Primary generator regular electrical impulses of the heart • Controls pulse, sends it to AV node • Atrioventricular Node (AV node) • Secondary response, controls contraction • Delays signal, prevents simultaneous contraction • Artificial Pacemakers • Atrial Fibrillation • Electrical signals and impulses occurring in places other than the nodes • Prevents the right atrium from filling up with blood, body is deprived of blood.

TYPES OF CIRCULATION • Two types • Systemic (greater) Circulation • Pulmonary (lesser) Circulation • Systemic • Part of circulation that carries oxygenated blood away from heart to the rest of the body. • Which side of the heart pushes the blood out? • Which vessel carries oxygenated blood away?

TYPES OF CIRCULATION • Pulmonary circulation • Blood flow between heart and lungs. • Primary job is to exchange O 2 and CO 2 • In this way, it keeps systemic circulation on track