Heart disease Heart disease Congenital Ischemic Hypertensive Valvular

Heart disease

Heart disease • • Congenital Ischemic Hypertensive Valvular Cardiomyopathy Pericardium Tumors

Congenital • ISCHEMIC • HYPERTENSIVE • VALVULAR • MYOPATHIC

Heart failure • Dyspnea – on exertion – at rest • Orthopnea – redistribution of peripheral edema fluid – graded by number of pillows needed • Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea (PND)

ISCHEMIC • Angina Pectoris • Myocardial Infarction • Chronic IHD CHF • Sudden Cardiac Death • Acute Coronary Syndromes: – UNSTABLE ANGINA – AMI – SCD

HYPERTENSIVE • Hypertrophic adaptive response –Myocardial dysfunction –Cardiac dilatation –CHF –Sudden death

VALVULAR • Stenosis • Regurgitation

CARDIOMYOPATHIES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Inflammatory Immunologic Metabolic Dystrophies Genetic Idiopathic

CARDIOMYOPATHIES • DILATED • HYPERTROPHIC • RESTRICTIVE

CARDIOMYOPATHIES • • Chest pain is common Frequently asymptomatic Severe cases associated with heart failure, arrhythmias ECG abnormalities are often present, although the changes are frequently nonspecific • Left ventricular hypertrophy may be present • An echocardiogram is useful • Chest radiographs can be normal or can show evidence of congestive heart failure or cardiomegaly.

Treatment • medication • changes in lifestyle • Implanted pacemakers • Defibrillators • (LVADs) • ablation