Healthy Built Environments Making the Healthy Choice the
Healthy Built Environments: Making the Healthy Choice the Easy Choice RALA Training Session May 31, 2017
What Does it Mean to be Healthy? “a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO 1948)
The “Determinants” of Health Social Determinants: Ecological Determinants: • • • • Income and social status Education and literacy Employment/working conditions Social & physical environments Social support networks Personal health practices and coping skills Healthy child development Biology and genetic endowment Health services Gender & culture Source: Public Health Agency of Canada website 2016 Air Water Food Fuel and materials Protection from UV radiation Waste Recycling & detoxification • Relatively stable & livable climate Source: Canadian Public Health Association Discussion Paper May 2015
Population Health Model Figure Source: New Brunswick Health Council, My Community at a Glance, 2014
What is the Built Environment? • Human-made or modified physical surroundings in which people live, work, learn and play. Adapted from: British Columbia Provincial Health Services Authority
The Relationship Between the Built Environment and Health
Why does the Built Environment matter? THE 19 th CENTURY: THE 21 st CENTURY: Infectious Diseases Chronic Diseases
How Planning and Design Affect Health Planning and investment policies (Acts & Regulations, provincial initiatives, regional and municipal plans, zoning and development rules) Urban form patterns (density mix, transport options, access to, and location of, parks and schools) Individual behaviour Ripple Effect (amount of walking/biking, social isolation, diet choices, recreation & physical activity) Population health impacts (chronic illness, pollution exposure, traffic accidents, social cohesion) Adapted from: Frank, Kavage & Litman 2006
The Built Environment: Physical Activity
The Built Environment: Obesity
The Built Environment: Chronic Diseases q. Heart disease q. Stroke q. High blood pressure q. Various cancers q. Osteoarthritis q. Kidney disease q. Diabetes (Type II) Figure Source: NB Health Council June 2016
The Built Environment: Access
The Built Environment: Nutrition/Diet
The Built Environment: Social Interaction
The Built Environment: Injuries & Safety
The Built Environment and Air Pollution
The Built Environment and Water Quality and Quantity
Healthy Built Environments
What are Co-Benefits? Positive outcomes beyond those expected positive health benefits of designing and implementing healthy built environment initiatives.
Co-Benefits of Healthy Built Environments
Thank You Questions?
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