Health promotion of the schoolaged child By Kelly

Health promotion of the school-aged child By Kelly Graham, Chelsea Moore, and Mattie Starks

Objectives The objective of this presentation is to provide parents of school-age children with information on the following topics: O Screenings and immunizations O Nutrition O Exercise O Oral health O Mental health and bullying O Safety

School-aged years O Middle childhood: 6 -8 years of age O Late childhood: 8 -12 years of age (Murray, Zentner, & Yakimo, 2009)

Screenings O Complete history and physical O Lifestyle habits (diet, exercise, screen time, sleep, dental care, and safety) O Vision and hearing screenings O Developmental screening O Mental health screening (Riley, Locke, & Skye, 2011)

Immunizations O Yearly flu vaccine O Recommended vaccines-ages 4 to 6: O DTa. P (diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis) O IPV (polio) O MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) O Varicella (chickenpox) O Recommended vaccines-ages 11 and 12: O DTa. P O Meningococcal O HPV 2 -for girls only or HPV 4 -for boys and girls (human papillomavirus; series of 3 -doses) (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2014)

Nutritional guidelines O Daily guidelines for girls O Ages 4 -8: O Calories 1200 -1800 O Protein 3 -5 ounces O Vegetables 1. 5 -2. 5 cups O Fruits 1 -1. 5 cups O Grains 4 -6 ounces O Dairy 2. 5 -3 cups (Mayo Clinic, 2014)

Nutritional guidelines O Daily guidelines for girls O Ages 9 -13: O Calories 1400 -2200 O Protein 4 -6 ounces O Vegetables 1. 5 -3 cups O Fruits 1. 5 -2 cups O Grains 5 -7 ounces O Dairy 2. 5 -3 cups (Mayo Clinic, 2014)

Nutritional guidelines O Daily guidelines for boys O Ages 4 -8: O Calories 1200 -2000 O Protein 3 -5. 5 ounces O Vegetables 1. 5 -2. 5 cups O Fruits 1 -2 cups O Grains 4 -6 ounces O Dairy 2. 5 -3 cups (Mayo Clinic, 2014)

Nutritional guidelines O Daily guidelines for boys O Ages 9 -13: O Calories 1600 -2600 O Protein 5 -6. 5 ounces O Vegetables 2 -3. 5 cups O Fruits 1. 5 -2 cups O Grains 5 -9 ounces O Dairy 3 cups (Mayo Clinic, 2014)

Physical activity O Lack of physical activity could lead to: O Heart disease O Obesity O High blood pressure O Diabetes O Recommended guidelines for children: O Sixty minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity daily (American Heart Association, 2013)

Physical activity O Importance of exercise O Weight control O Raises “good” cholesterol (HDL) O Reduces risk of diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease O Improved psychological well-being O How to promote exercise O Make exercise fun O Be a good role model O Limit screen time (American Heart Association, 2013)

Oral health O Tips for maintaining good oral health in children: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. (Hirsch, 2012) Brush your child’s teeth at least twice a day with a fluoride toothpaste Help your child floss once a day Provide healthy meals and snacks Take your child to the dentist for regular check-ups at least twice a year Ask your dentist about sealants

Mental Health O The mental health problems that affect the school- aged child include: O O O O O ADHD Anxiety disorder Asperger syndrome Attachment disorder Bipolar disorder Depression Eating disorders Oppositional Defiant Disorder Substance abuse Trauma (Collaborative Solutions Network, 2014)

Bullying O Unwanted or aggressive behavior that involves real or perceived power imbalance O Bullies and kids being bullied can have serious and lasting problems, such as depression or suicidal thoughts O Types of bullying O Verbal O Social O Physical (stopbullying. gov, n. d. )

Bullying O Who is at risk O Gay, lesbian, bisexual, or transgender O Kids with disabilities O Socially isolated O Warning signs O Unexplained injury O Personal property lost or damaged O Faking illnesses O Effects of bullying O Mental health issues O Decrease in academic performance O Health complaints (stopbullying. gov, n. d. )

Bullying O How to prevent bullying O Help your kids understand what bullying is O Talk to your kids openly about bullying O Encourage your kids to stay active in activities they enjoy O Be a good role model for your kids and treat others with respect and kindness (stopbullying. gov, n. d. )

Bullying O Responding to the bullying O Respond quickly and consistently to O O bullying behavior Find out what happened by getting the facts and determining if it’s bullying Support the child who was bullied Address the child who bullied Talk to the kids who witnessed the bullying (stopbullying. gov, n. d. )

Safety O Ensure proper restraints in the car O Water safety O Fire safety O Poisoning O Gun safety O Internet safety O Recreational safety O Stranger danger (Boyse, 2009)

References O American Heart Association (2013). The AHA's recommendations for physical activity in children. Retrieved from http: //www. heart. org/HEARTORG/Getting. Healthy/Healthier. Kids/Activitiesfor. Ki ds/The-AHAs-Recommendations-for-Physical-Activity-in. Children_UCM_304053_Article. jsp O Boyse, K. (2009). Children and Safety: General Information. Retrieved from http: //www. med. umich. edu/yourchild/topics/genlsafe. htm O Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2014). Recommended immunization schedules for persons Aged 0 through 18 years: United States, 2014. Retrieved from http: //www. cdc. gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/childadolescent. html O Collaborative Network Solutions (2014). Middle Childhood (6 -12 years). Retrieved from http: //www. mentalhealthconnect. org/professionals/strategies/middle-school/

References O Hirsch, K. H. (2012). Taking care of your teeth. Retrieved from http: //kidshealth. org/kid/stay_healthy/body/teeth_care. html# O Mayo Clinic Staff (2014). Nutrition for kids: Guidelines for a healthy diet. Retrieved from http: //www. mayoclinic. org/healthyliving/childrens-health/in-depth/nutrition-for-kids/art-20049335? pg=1 O Murray, RB. , Zentner, J. P. , & Yakimo, R. (2009). Health promotion strategies through the life span (8 th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. O Riley, M. , Locke, A. B. , & Skye, E. P. (2011). Health maintenance in school-aged children: Part I. History, physical examination, screening, and immunizations. American Family Physician, 83(6), 683 -688. Retrieved from http: //www. aafp. org/afp/2011/0315/p 683. html

References O stopbullying. gov (n. d. ). Prevent bullying. Retrieved from http: //www. stopbullying. gov/prevention/index. html O Stopbullying. gov (n. d. ). Respond to bullying. Retrieved from http: //www. stopbullying. gov/respond/support-kidsinvolved/index. html O stopbullying. gov (n. d. ). What is bullying. Retrieved from http: //www. stopbullying. gov/what-is-bullying/roles-kidsplay/index. html O stopbullying. gov (n. d. ). Who is at risk. Retrieved from http: //www. stopbullying. gov/at-risk/effects/index. html