Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics

Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b This material Comp 6_Unit 1 was developed by Duke University, funded by the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology under Award Number IU 24 OC 000024.

What is Health Informatics? Learning Objectives 1. Define information management, information system (technology) and informatics (Lecture a) 2. Explain the basic theoretical concept that underlies informatics practice (Lecture a) 3. Define the meaning of biomedical and health informatics as a field of study (Lecture a) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 2

What is Health Informatics? Learning Objectives 4. Describe the biomedical informatics areas of applications (Lecture a) 5. Summarize the informatics drivers and trends (Lecture a) 6. State the professional roles and skills of health informaticians (Lecture b) 7. Identify how health informaticians process data into information and knowledge for health care tasks with the support of information technology to improve patient care (Lecture b) Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 3

What is the Practice of Informatics? • The practice requires – A set of skills and methodological tools – Knowledge, experience, and activity Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 4

Skills/Tools of Health Informaticians • Derived from knowledge of – Computer Science (hardware/software) – Clinical Science – Basic Biomedical Science – Cognitive Science – Bioengineering – Management Science – Epidemiology & Statistics Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 5

Application Domains • Examples – – – – Cognitive/human factors and interfaces Data structures Database design Information retrieval Knowledge representation Networking/architecture Ontology/vocabulary Software engineering Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 6

Health Informatics Team • Informaticians with different backgrounds, experience, and education – Skills, roles, and responsibilities depend on • Levels of education • Stages of career progression Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 7

Bioinformaticians • Develop and apply computational tools and approaches for expanding the use of biological data Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 8

Health Informaticians • Required training – Processes associated with • • • Acquisition Storage Retrieval Privacy and security Presentation and Use of information Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 9

Health Informaticians • Varied assortment of responsibilities such as – – Help design software for patient care Build and maintain research systems for clinical research Purchase and implement information systems Provide training and assistance to health care providers in using health information technology – Conduct analyses of large health datasets – Conduct research and development Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 10

Environments Where Health Informaticians Work • • Academic Research Health care delivery Health care related industries such as government, medical software firms, medical information services, insurance or medical device companies Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 11

Academic Role • Professors – Focus • Teaching and research – Responsibilities • Educate those interested in the field of health informatics • Conduct research to improve the acquisition, storage, retrieval, representation, and use of information in health and biomedicine Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 12

Research Role • Researchers – Focus • Informatics applications in clinical and translational research – Responsibilities • Advancement of medical science and public health • Advancement of informatics science Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 13

Health Care Delivery Role • Clinical personnel – Physicians, Nurses, Pharmacists, Dentists • Focus – Patient care • Responsibilities – Manage and process clinical data, information, and knowledge to support clinical practice Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 14

Clinical Informaticians • Assess information and knowledge needs • Characterize, evaluate, and refine clinical processes • Develop, implement, and refine clinical decision support systems • Lead or participate in the various facets of clinical information systems Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 15

Health Care Delivery Role • Health information professionals – Health information management professionals, health information exchange specialists, programmers and software engineers, privacy and security specialists – Focus • Clinical information resources, workflow, end-user support, and connectivity – Responsibilities • Varies by individual – Example: creating health networks that allow doctors and nurses to share knowledge and best practices Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 16

Application Domains • Health care/clinical informatics • Bioinformatics and/or computational biology • Clinical research and translational informatics • Public health informatics Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 17

Health Informaticians • Possess cognitive skills in logical and analytical thinking • Have a technical understanding of the computing environment • Possess an awareness of privacy and security policies around health informatics • Have different backgrounds, experience, and education • Varied assortment of responsibilities • Transform data into information and information into knowledge Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 18

What is Health Informatics? Summary • Defined terms • Described fundamental theorem of informatics • Explained field of study related to biomedical and health informatics • Described the biomedical informatics areas of applications • Provided an overview of informatics drivers and trends • Defined and described the informatics team Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 19

What is Health Informatics? References – Lecture b References • AMIA. (2011). The clinical informatics subspecialty. Retrieved from http: //www. amia. org/clinical-informaticsmedical-subspecialty • Department of Health and Human Services, National Library of Medicine. (2011). Institutional grants for research training in biomedical informatics (T 15). Retrieved from http: //grants. nih. gov/grants/guide/rfa-files/RFA-LM-06001. html • Friedman, C. P. , Altman, R. B. , Kohane, I. S. , Mc. Cormick, K. A. , Miller, P. L. , Ozbolt, J. G. , …Williamson, J. (2009). Training the next generation of informaticians: The impact of ‘‘BISTI’’ and bioinformatics—A report from the American College of Medical Informatics. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 11, 167 -172. doi: 10. 1197/jamia. M 1520 • Shortliffe, E. , & Blois, M. (2006). The computer meets medicine and biology: Emergence of a discipline. In Shortliffe. E. , & Cimino, J. J. (Eds. ), Biomedical informatics: Computer applications in health care and biomedicine (3 rd ed) (pp. 3 -45). New York, NY: Springer Science + Business Media. • University of Minnesota. (2011). Frequently asked questions about: Biomedical health informatics. Retrieved from http: //www. bmhi. umn. edu/ihi/faq/informatics. shtml Health IT Workforce Curriculum Version 3. 0/Spring 2012 Health Management Information Systems What is Health Informatics? Lecture b 20