HEALTH MANAGEMENT 28 November 2020 Management 28 November

HEALTH MANAGEMENT 28 November 2020

Management 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Management It is effective and purposeful use of resources for fulfilling a predetermined objective 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

MANAGEMENT Activities • Planning – determining what is to be done • Organizing – setting up the framework and making it possible for groups to do the work • • Staffing: Directing: • Communicating/Coordinating – motivating people • Reviewing/Monitoring – checking to make sure the work is progressing satisfactorily 28 Budgeting: November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

MANAGEMENT METHODS AND TECHNIQUES 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

METHODS BASED ON BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Organizational design Health services should be so designed to meet the health needs and demands of people. It should be reviewed every few years because of change in concept , purpose, problems or technology. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Personnel management It is skillful use of human resources like selection and training , motivation division of responsibilities, incentives and promotions. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Communication barriers cause delay in reporting, notification and release of supplies It should be solved by establishing suitable vertical and horizontal communication channels 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Information system It helps in collection , classification, transmission, storage, retrieval, transformation and display of information 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Management by objectives Objectives are set up for different units and subunits , each prepares its own plan of action 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Quantitative methods 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

1. Cost benefit analysis: Benefits are expressed in monitory terms. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

2. Cost effective analysis : Benefits are expressed in results achieved, eg. Number of deaths prevented, no. of children vaccinated. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

3. Cost accounting : Gives basic data on cost of any programme It helps in cost control, planning and allocation of people and financial resources 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

4. Input output analysis : It shows how much input (resources ) are needed to produce a unit amount of each output 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

5. System analysis: It helps the decision maker to choose an appropriate course of action , searching out objectives , finding alternative solutions, evaluating cost effectiveness, reexamination of objectives. It can be hospital supply system or an information system. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

6. Planning programme and budgeting system: Allocation of resources in most effective way in achieving objectives 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

7. Zero base budgeting: It requires fresh justification of funds required to run a programme starting from a zero base of funds. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

8. Work sampling: Observation and recording of activities of one or more individuals to check time needed to do specified jobs 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

9. Decision making : For development of resources and strategies for providing health care 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Network Analysis for measles Vaccination Programme Monitoring, Evaluation, Feedback System Establishment of Surveillance Identification of Staff Decision to start Measles Vaccination Local Epidemiological Information Knowledge of Public Perception Availability of funds 28 November 2020 Trained Staff Development of Training Material Development of Health Education Material Establishment of Cold Chain Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18 Vaccination Programme Public Acceptance Availability of vaccine

PERT( Programme evaluation and review technique) 4 months 2 months Staff trained Staff recruited Plan service 2 months 28 November 2020 1 month Equipment ordered 10 months Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18 Equipment installed Start services

Conduct policy & management assessment 2 w Adapt forms Prepare and secure Budget 1 w 4 w Core team in place 2 w 2 w Set time table & workplan, draft proposal 2 w Design sample, determine number of 3 w Pretest & revise forms 5 w Select Surveyors & team leaders 2 w Print/pho tocopy survey forms Administrative arrangements 2 w Prepare Survey schedule & Coding sheet 1 w 2 w Collect Data 4 w 28 November 2020 Data Entry & Checking 5 w Analyze & Interpret data; write reports Begin Dissemination & use of findings PERT Diagramme for Safe motherhood Needs Assessment Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18 Train Surveyors

Critical path method (CPM) It is longest path of network. If any activity along critical path is delayed the entire project will be delayed. The time can be minimized by provision of additional inputs. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Gantt chart 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

1 Visit place for assessing suitability 2 Assess expected workload 3 Contact Official 4 Obtain consent from Ophthalmic surgeon 5 Fix exact location, obtain permission 6 Procure & prepare publicity material 7 Fund raising 8 Arrange supply of local volunteers 9 Enroll local volunteers 10 Start publicity campaign in surrounding areas 11 Obtain prescription forms, stationary, drugs 12 Accommodation for outstation staff 13 Tentative registration of patients 14 Tentative registration of patients 15. Finalize lodging/boarding of surgeon, patients 16 Finalize details of inaugural function 17 Prepare OT, get CMOs Certificate 18 Issue instruction for staff mobilization 19 Confirm food supply arrangenets 20 Fix individual responsibility for tasks 28 November 21 Examine, 2020 admit patients, preoperative treatment Gantt Chart Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

SWOT ANALYSIS It is a strategic planning method used to evaluate strength, weakness, opportunities and threats involved in a project or in a business venture 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Strength • It is attribute of person or company that are helpful to achieve objectives. Ex. Strong network , committed staff. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

W eakness It is attribute of person or company that are harmful to achieve objectives. Ex. lack of clear strategies, communication barriers. 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Opportunities these are external conditions that are helpful in achieving objectives. Ex. New technology, geographic location 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18

Threats these are external conditions which could do damage to business performance. Ex. New competitor recession 28 November 2020 Shah MS@MBBS 2 K 18