Health Choices and Behavior Wellness and Your Choices

What Do You Think? 1. People make hundreds of choices every day that affect their health. 2. The way adults contract most diseases is by catching them from somebody else. 3. Accidents are among the major causes of death for teens. Section 1

Health- a range of states with physical, mental/ emotional, spiritual, and social components. Wellness- maximum well-being; the top of the range of health states Section 1

Daily Choices Affect Your Health Lifestyle diseases- are diseases that may be caused by neglect or poor choices Examples: Heart Disease, Lung Disease, Cancer, Diabetes and Liver Disease

The Leading Causes of Death 1. 2. 3. 4. 1890’s Flu Pneumonia Tuberculosis Digestive diseases 5. 6. 7. 8. Bronchitis Scarlet Fever Stroke Kidney Disease 2000’s 1. Heart Disease 2. Cancer 3. Stroke 4. Chronic Lung Disease 5. Pneumonia/flu 6. Other accidents 7. Motor accidents 8. Suicide

Physical Health Yesterday and Today Infectious Diseases- Diseases that are caused by infecting organisms ◦ Examples: smallpox and polio Lifestyle Choices- neglect of the body Diseases that are made likely by ◦ Examples: heart disease, cancer, diabetes Lifestyle Diseases –Choices made daily; of how to treat the body and mind ◦ Examples: what we eat, and when to exercise Section 1

Family Medical History and Environment Heredity- In some people the tendency to develop certain diseases may be common within in a family. - Eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, avoiding tobacco and other substances can still reduce the person’s risk Section 1

Family Medical History and Environment- This includes infectious diseases caused by pollution of the air, water, and food. - Environmental impacts include physical, social, and cultural environmental factors.

3 types of Environment 1. Physical environment refers to the place where you live. Include things like: air pollution, availability of safe places to play, access to parks and other recreational activities.

3 types of Environment 2. Social Environment refers to the people around you, including your family and friends. - If the people around you tend to live a healthy lifestyle the more likely you will be to also engage in healthy behaviors.

3 types of Environment 3. Cultural environment refers to the beliefs and customs that your family practices. - Family’s culture can influence the food you eat, whether or not you exercise, and other aspects of your life.

Chronological Age vs. Physiological Age Chronological age- is your age measured in years from date of birth Physiological age- is your age as estimated from the body’s health and probable life expectancy

5 Factors that Influence Physiological Age: 1. Get 8 -9 hours of sleep each night 2. Eat regular, nutritious meals, including breakfast 3. Engage in regular physical activity 4. Avoid the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs. 5. Maintain a healthy body weight.

Activity: Each of you will be assigned Work with a partner next to you and choose a lifestyle factor. Answer the following questions based on that factor. 1. What are the possible consequences to individuals who do not follow this lifestyle factor? 2. What consequences may affect others? 3. How do these consequences affect one’s quality of life? 4. List ways in which teens can change these behaviors and the benefits received if lifestyle behaviors are changed.

Personal Responsibility is Central to Wellness Spiritual Wellness Mental/ Emotional Wellness Personal Responsibility Physical Wellness Social Wellness

Personal Responsibility is Central to Wellness Centenarians- people who have reached the age of 100 years old or older. Common traits- balanced diet, not overweight, non-smokers, don’t abuse alcohol or other drugs, good sleep habits and physically active Section 1

Portrait of a Well Person § § § Emotional, Mental, and Spiritual Maintains a strong self Is willing to accept new ideas and try new behaviors Handles setbacks without loss of selfesteem Feels life has meaning Lives by a set of strong values Section 2

Portrait of a Well Person § § § Physical Health Sleeps enough to function well Maintains appropriate weight Does not abuse any drugs including alcohol and tobacco Eats well balanced diet Maintains appropriate weight Good decision making regarding personal safety Section 2

Portrait of a Well Person § § § Social Health Develops supportive friendships Effectively resolves conflicts Can form a successful long-term partnership Socializes well with the others without the influence of drugs and alcohol Continues growing, learning, and facing new challenges throughout life Section 2

The Factors That Affect Health Heredity Physical Environ -ment Total Health Daily Decisions Section 2 Available Health Care

Group Activity: Creating a Portrait of Wellness In Groups of 3 -4, draw a picture of a person, list their Chronological Age and their Physiological Age, then give evidence(Physical, Social, Spiritual, Mental/Emotional) to support your claim Section 2

Making Behavior Changes Motivation- the force that moves people to act Drives- motivation that comes naturally from instincts Examples: Hunger, thirst, fear Section 3

Obstacles to Change 3 General Areas: 1. Competence- The person lacks needed knowledge or skill to make the change 2. Confidence- The person has the needed knowledge but believes that making a change is beyond the scope or his/her ability 3. Motivation- The person possesses both competence and confidence, but lacks sufficient reason to change Section 3

Motivation: Shaped by 4 factors 1. The value of the reward- how big is the reward 2. Its timing- how soon will the reward come 3. The costs- what will be the risk or consequences of seeking the reward 4. Its probability- how likely is the reward, and how certain the price Section 3

Action: Goal Setting 6 Steps to goal setting 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Pick a goal List three behaviors Preparation My time commitment How I’ll measure my progress Reward Section 3

Smart Model of Goal Setting Specific - A vague goal only has a slim chance of ever being realized. Measurable - A specific goal can be measured by answering questions that begin with 'how'. How much? How many? How long? Attainable - Setting challenging goals will make you grow. It will boost your self-esteem and create confidence. An attainable goal must be within the realm of reason - challenging, but reasonable. Realistic - A realistic goal is something that is realistic for you. You define what is realistic or not. The way to define what is realistic for you is to ask yourself if you are both willing and able to work persistently and tenaciously toward this goal. Timely - Your goal has to have a start and an end date. Without these boundaries around your goal, procrastination, the arch enemy of achievement, will sabotage your best efforts to attain a good goal. Section 3

Commitment- a decision adhered to for the long-term, Commitment to a behavior depends on continued rewards from it Will- a person’s intent which leads to action Self-efficacy- a person’s belief in his or her ability to succeed at the task at hand Section 3

Activity: Setting Goals 1. My goal: I’d like to get in shape 2. Behaviors: ◦ I’ll save $3 a week so that I can buy weights ◦ Ill read a book on fitness ◦ I’ll join a walking club 3. Preparation: ◦ I’ll keep the money in my top drawer ◦ I’ll borrow the book from the library ◦ I’ll clean up my walking shoes 4. Time Commitment: I’ll start on Tuesday, and I’ll continue saving and walking for a month.

5. How I’ll measure my progress: ◦ I’ll record how far I walk each day ◦ I’ll graph my distances over a month 6. My first reward: When I have collected 12 dollars, and walked for a month, I’ll buy my hand weights Now Let’s think of our own goals using these steps!