HAZARD COMMUNICATION OSHA TRAINING OSHA 29 CFR 1910

HAZARD COMMUNICATION OSHA TRAINING OSHA 29 CFR 1910. 1200 WELCOME

COURSE OBJECTIVES þ Introduce 29 CFR 1910. 1200, The Hazcom Standard þ Discuss Methods and Observations Used to Detect Chemicals þ Discuss the Local Hazcom Written Policy þ Discuss the Physical and Health Hazards of Chemicals þ Discuss Employee Protective Measures þ Discuss Chemical Warning Labels þ Explain the Use of the Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) þ Introduce the Basic Rules for Safe Chemical Use

REGULATORY STANDARD HAZARD COMMUNICATION 29 CFR - 1910 - 1200 29 CFR - SAFETY AND HEALTH STANDARDS 1910 - GENERAL INDUSTRY 1200 - HAZCOM STANDARD

REGULATORY STANDARD 29 CFR 1910. 1200 þ TITLE - HAZARD COMMUNICATION þ MAY 23, 1988 - FINAL RULE TOOK EFFECT

TRAINING REQUIREMENTS THE EMPLOYER MUST: þ þ þ þ Maintain a Hazcom Training Program. Discuss Employee Protective Measures. Review the Program on an Annual Basis. Discuss Labeling Requirements of Containers. Discuss the Use of Material Safety Data Sheets. Train All Employees In Contact With Chemicals. Discuss Trade Secrets and How to Obtain Needed Information.

RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS REQUIRED WHEN THERE IS A: þ Close Call Event Involving Chemicals. þ Failure in the Hazcom Procedures. þ Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency. CHEMICAL SAFETY

GENERAL PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS ALL EMPLOYERS MUST: þ Provide Hazcom Training to All Required Employees. þ Not Purchase Materials Without an Adequate MSDS. þ Request Suppliers Provide All Ingredients With Identifiable Chemical Names and Percentage Composition. þ Provide an MSDS Requested by Any Employee. þ Provide Complete Hazard Information to Any Employee. þ Requesting Additional Information Not Listed on an MSDS.

WRITTEN PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS ALL EMPLOYERS MUST: þ Maintain a Written Program. þ Review the Program on an Annual Basis. þ Make the Written Program Available to All Employees During Each Work Shift.

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS COMMONLY USED PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS þ Non-Routine Task - Protective Measures Determination Form: Used by Supervisors to Assess Jobs That Are Not Performed on a Routine Basis, but Where the Possibility of Injury to an Employee Exists. FORMS

PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS COMMONLY USED PROGRAM MANAGEMENT FORMS þ Request for Copy of MSDS Form: Used by Employees to Formally Request a Copy of A Specific Material Safety Data Sheet. MSDS REQUEST

CHEMICAL INVENTORY LISTING ALL EMPLOYERS MUST: þ Maintain a Current List of Chemicals, Including Specific Uses. þ Make the List Available to All Employees. þ Make the List Available During Each Work Shift. CHEMICAL INVENTORY

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS VARIOUS SECTIONS OF THE MSDS (TYPICAL FORMAT) SECTION I II IV V VI VIII IX CONTENTS Product Identity Hazardous Ingredients Physical/Chemical Characteristics Fire/Explosion/Physical Hazard Data Reactivity Data Health Hazards Data Precautions for Safe Handling and Use Control Measures/Protection Information Additional Information/Special Precautions

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS TRADE SECRETS: Information Withheld From a MSDS Must Be Provided During an Emergency or at The Request of a Physician. The User of The Information Must Agree to Keep The Information Confidential. The Chemical Manufacturer Must Provide the Information Immediately Upon Request During Emergencies.

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS LOCAL USE MSDS’s: Let’s Discuss Some of the Material Safety Data Sheets Currently Used at This Facility. SITE SPECIFIC CHEMICALS AND MATERIALS

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS: þ Follow Local Job Procedures. þ Review the Relative Material Safety Data Sheet. þ If You Have Questions Consult Your Supervisor.

LABELING REQUIREMENTS þ All Employers Must Maintain a Labeling Program. þ Review the Program on an Annual Basis. þ Train All Employees Whose Job Brings Them Into Contact With Chemicals in the Use of Labels. þ All Labels Will Use the Same Name As It Appears On The MSDS.

LABELING REQUIREMENTS þ All Chemical Containers Will Be Labeled. Unless The Container Is a Portable Container in the Control of A Specific Person for Their Immediate Use. þ No Container That Resembles a Drinking Glass, Cup, Or Other Type of Container Used for Consumption Will Be Used For Chemical Storage or Containment. þ The Employer Must Provide Sufficient Labels for Labeling.

HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS TWO SYSTEMS þ NFPA - NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION þ HMIS - NATIONAL PAINT AND COATINGS ASSOCIATION - HAZARDOUS MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM

HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS FOUR HAZARD PARAMETERS þ þ HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY SPECIFIC HAZARD (NFPA)

HAZARD RATING SYSTEMS FIVE HAZARD LEVELS HMIS 4 SEVERE 3 SERIOUS 2 MODERATE 1 SLIGHT 0 MINIMAL NFPA 4 EXTREME 3 HIGH 2 MODERATE 1 SLIGHT 0 INSIGNIFICANT

HOMEMADE LABEL SAMPLE “HOMEMADE” LABEL FOR A SINGLE CHEMICAL (NON-MIXTURE) CHEMICAL NAME (SEE MSDS) DOT HAZARD CLASS USE OF CHEMICAL PPE REQUIRED CHECK ALL THAT APPLY r FLAMMABLE r TOXIC r IRRITANT r CORROSIVE r WATER REACTIVE r OXIDIZER NAME EMERGENCY PHONE __________________ ADDRESS: ________________________

HMIS LABEL FIVE HMIS HAZARD LEVELS þ - 4 SEVERE þ - 3 SERIOUS þ - 2 MODERATE þ - 1 SLIGHT þ - 0 MINIMAL HEALTH FLAMMABILITY REACTIVITY PERSONAL PROTECTION

NFPA LABEL FIRE HAZARD FIVE NFPA HAZARD LEVELS þ - 4 EXTREME þ - 3 HIGH þ - 2 MODERATE þ - 1 SLIGHT þ - 0 INSIGNIFICANT 2 HEALTH HAZARD 4 REACTIVITY W 1 SPECIFIC HAZARD (WATER REACTIVE)

NON-ROUTINE TASKS þ Definition: A Task That Is Required Only on Occasion And Where Employees Are Not Completely Familiar With All Aspects of the Job. þ Problem: This Lack of Familiarity Contributes Greatly to a Higher Probability of Injury. þ Example: The Annual (or Infrequent) Cleaning of Reactor Vessels in Processes. þ Supervisors Must: Identify Nonroutine Tasks and Assess Their Degree of Risk to Employees.

CONTRACTOR SAFETY REQUIREMENTS OUTSIDE CONTRACTORS MUST: þ Inform Representatives of the Facility of The Types of Chemicals That They Will Be Using And Be Prepared to Provide MSDSs Upon Request. FACILITY OR EMPLOYER REPRESENTATIVES MUST: þ Inform the Contractor of Chemicals Used in the Area Where Contractor Personnel Will Be Work And Be Prepared to Provide MSDSs Upon Request.

TIPS FOR USING CONTRACTORS þ Remember, You Control Your Facility or Area! þ Review Their Procedures With Them Before Starting the Job! þ Determine Their Safety Performance Record! þ Determine Who Is in Charge of Their People! þ Determine How They Will Affect Your Employees!

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EVERYTHING IS TOXIC; IT ALL DEPENDS ON THE DOSE How Well the Body Accepts a Substance Depends on: þ þ The Type of Substance. The Amount (Dose) Absorbed. The Period of Time Over Which It Is Absorbed. The Susceptibility/Sensitivity of the Person Exposed.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY ROUTES OF ENTRY þ INHALATION þ INGESTION þ ABSORPTION þ INJECTION

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY ROUTES OF ENTRY þ Inhalation -- A Dose Absorbed Through the Lungs Into the Bloodstream þ Absorption -- A Dose That Is Absorbed Through the Skin or Eyes

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY ROUTES OF ENTRY þ Ingestion -- A Dose That Is Absorbed Through the Gastro-Intestinal Tract From Eating, Drinking or Smoking þ Injection -- A Dose That Is Absorbed Via Broken Glass, Spray Guns, Needles, Compressed Air, Knives Etc.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY þ Local Effect. Damage to Body Parts That Actually Contact The Harmful Substance (Acid on a Hand). þ Systemic Effect. Damage to an Area of the Body After The Substance Is Absorbed (Liver Damage). þ Individual Susceptibility. Some People Are Naturally Sensitive or Can Develop Sensitivity to a Substance. þ Dose. Combination of Concentration and Length of Bodily Exposure to a Specific Material.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY þ Acute Exposure: Usually Minutes, Hours or Several Days. þ Chronic Exposure: Regular Exposure Over Months, Years, or a Lifetime.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE TERMINOLOGY Hazardous Material. A Material That Falls Into One or More Of the Following Categories. þ Ignitability Is Flammable or Combustible. þ Reactivity Can React With Itself or Other Materials. þ Corrosivity Can Deteriorate Another Substance. þ Toxicity In Its Normal State Is Harmful to Living Things.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE LIMITS SOURCES INCLUDE: þ American Conference of Gov. Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) þ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA þ National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE LIMITS þ American Conference of Government Industrial Hygienists: ü Threshold Limit Values (TLV). (Respiratory) ü Biological Exposure Indices (BEI). (Dermal) ü 8 Hour Time Weighted Averages (TWA). - How Much a Worker Can Be Exposed to in an 8 Hr. Shift. ü Published by ACGIH Annually, Provides Exposure Levels. ü Legally Enforceable.

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE LIMITS þ Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): ü ü Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL’s) Found in 29 CFR 1910. 1000 (The “Z” Tables) Establishes OSHA’s Exposure Levels Legally Enforceable

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF TOXICOLOGY EXPOSURE LIMITS þ National Institute for Occupational Safety And Health (NIOSH): ü Recommended Exposure Limits (REL’s) ü Used to Develop New OSHA Standards ü Found in: “NIOSH Recommendations for Occupational Health Standards”

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS AIR CONTAMINANTS þ Gases. Generally Used in a Compressed Form. Can Effect All Routes of Entry. þ Vapors. Formed by Evaporation of Liquids or Solids. Amount Usually Depends Upon Exposed Surface Area, Temperature, and Vapor Pressure Of Substance. Can Be Deadly.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS AIR CONTAMINANTS þ Fumes. Usually Metallic and Formed by Welding, Cutting, or Brazing Operations. Extremely Hazardous to Inhale. þ Particulates. Composed of Solid or Liquid Particles That Are Suspended or Dispersed in Air. Such As Dust, Mists, or Smokes. Can Be Explosive And Hazardous to Breath.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ACIDS AND BASES - Ph. The p. H of a Liquid Is the Numerical Measure Of Its Relative Acidity or Alkalinity. The Range Is From 0 - 14 With a Neutral Level Expressed As A p. H of 7. 0. þ Above 7. 0 The Liquid Is More Alkaline or Basic. þ Below 7. 0 The Liquid Is More Acidic.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ACIDS AND BASES BASE Common Acids (p. H 0 -6) Common Bases (p. H 8 -14) þ þ þ þ þ Hydrochloric Acid Hydrofluoric Acid Nitric Acid Phosphoric Acid Chromic Acid Sodium Hydroxide (Lye) Sodium Hypochlorite (Bleach) Aqueous Ammonia Potassium Hydroxide (Potash) Ammonium Hydroxide

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY WITH EACH OTHER! LOW p. H ACID BASE HIGH p. H

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS CHECK FOR COMPATIBILITY WITH YOU! ACID BASE

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ACIDS and BASES - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS þ þ þ þ If You’re Not Familiar With the Chemical, Find Out! Read the Material Safety Data Sheet! Read the Labels on Containers. Observe Written Warnings! Don’t Eat, Drink, or Smoke Around Chemicals. Change Your Cloths! Don’T Take It Home! Ensure Work Area Is Ventilated. Wear Appropriate Protective Equipment.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ACIDS and BASES - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS þ þ þ Wear Appropriate Protective Equipment. Clean up Small Spills to Prevent Being Mistaken For Water. For Large Spills, Contact Safety Officer. Store Acids From Bases to Prevent Reactions. Know the Reactions That Can Occur From Other Materials. Always Add Acid to Water, Never Water to Acid!

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS CLASSES OF SOLVENTS ORGANIC (CARBON BEARING) SOLVENTS: þ Organic Solvents Contain Carbon. þ Organic Solvents Include: Acetone, Gasoline, Stoddard Solvent, and Trichloroethylene. þ Drastic Effects on the Central Nervous System Can Occur If Proper Ventilation Is Not Used.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS CLASSES OF SOLVENTS AQUEOUS (WATER BEARING) SOLVENTS: þ þ Aqueous Solvents Contain Water. Solutions of Acids, Alkalis Are Classed As Aqueous Solvents. Engineering Controls Are Usually Required. Respiratory Protection Is Needed Where Vapors Cannot Be Adequately Controlled With Engineering Controls.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR SOLVENTS INHALATION: þ þ þ Most Common Route of Entry. Causes Headache, Dizziness, Confusion, And Drowsiness. Odor Intensity is Usually Not a Good Determination Of Toxicity. Odors - More Could Mean Less, Less Could Mean More. Different Solvents Seek Different Target Organs In the Body.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR SOLVENTS INGESTION: þ þ Eating, Drinking, or Smoking Without Washing Hands First. Eating, Drinking, or Smoking Contaminated Consumables. Can Cause Severe Irritation of Gastro-Intestinal Tract. Easily Penetrates Mucous Membranes to Enter The Blood Stream.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR SOLVENTS ABSORPTION: þ þ þ Prevent Skin Contact, Wear Gloves, Aprons, Etc. Can Occur Through Unbroken Skin or Mucous Membranes. Any Absorption Generally Will Cause Irritation Of Skin. Flush Skin for at Least Fifteen Minutes, Seek Medical Help. Never Wash Exposed Skin With Any Solvent.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR SOLVENTS INJECTION: þ þ Usually Caused by Puncture Wounds. Compressed Air Can Also Cause Injection of Solvents. Rapid Introduction of Solvents Into Bloodstream. May Inject Other Debris in Wound Causing Concern.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SOLVENTS - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS þ IF YOU’RE NOT FAMILIAR WITH THE SOLVENT, FIND OUT! þ READ THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET! þ READ THE LABELS ON CONTAINERS. þ OBSERVE WRITTEN WARNINGS! þ DON’T EAT, DRINK, OR SMOKE AROUND SOLVENTS. þ CHANGE YOUR CLOTHS! DON’T TAKE IT HOME! þ ENSURE WORK AREA IS WELL VENTILATED.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SOLVENTS - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS (CONTINUED) þ WEAR APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. þ USE A BARRIER CREAM, IF YOU’RE SOLVENT SENSITIVE. þ SPILLS MUST BE CONTAINED, IMMEDIATELY! þ FOR LARGE SPILLS, CONTACT SAFETY OFFICER. þ KNOW THE REACTIONS THAT CAN OCCUR. þ NEVER DISCOUNT ANY ROUTE-OF-ENTRY!

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR METALS INHALATION: þ Most Common Route of Entry. þ Smaller Particulates Are Trapped in Lungs And Absorbed. INGESTION: þ Eating, Drinking, or Smoking Without Washing Hands First. þ Eating, Drinking, or Smoking Contaminated Consumables.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS ROUTES OF ENTRY FOR METALS ABSORPTION: þ Can Occur Through Unbroken Skin or Mucous Membranes. þ Absorption Generally Least Hazardous Route Of Entry. INJECTION: þ Usually Caused by Puncture Wounds Involving Metals. þ Compressed Air Can Also Cause Injection of Metals.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SPECIFIC METALS METAL PARTICULATES: þ þ Come From Sand Blasting, Deburring, and Like Operations. Metals Can Take the Form of Airborne Dusts. Engineering Controls Are Usually Required. Respiratory Protection Is Needed Where Dusts Cannot Be Adequately Controlled With Engineering Controls.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SPECIFIC METALS FUMES: þ Fumes Are Made up of Very Tiny Solid Metal Particles. þ Particles Are the Condensates of Vaporized Metal. þ Effects on the Human Body Can Be Disastrous If Proper Ventilation Is Not Used. þ Think of the Different Types of Metals and Bonding Materials Used in a Welding Operation.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SPECIFIC METALS CADMIUM: þ þ þ Highly Toxic, Inhalation Most Common Route of Entry. Smaller Particulates Are Trapped in Lungs And Absorbed. Dangerous Doses Can Be Asymptomatic for Hours. Known Human Carcinogen. Target Organs Include, Kidneys, Respiratory System.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SPECIFIC METALS COPPER AND ZINC: þ Highly Toxic, Inhalation Most Common Route of Entry. þ Can Cause “Metal Fume Fever” Resulting In (Severe Flu-Like Symptoms). þ Target Organs Include, Kidneys, Respiratory System.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS SPECIFIC METALS NICKEL: þ Can Be Absorbed Through Skin, or Lungs. þ Absorption Generally Least Hazardous Route of Entry. þ Target Organs Include; CNS, Respiratory System.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS METALS - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS þ IF YOU’RE NOT FAMILIAR WITH THE METAL, FIND OUT! þ READ THE MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET! þ READ THE LABELS ON CONTAINERS. þ OBSERVE WRITTEN WARNINGS! þ DON’T EAT, DRINK, OR SMOKE AROUND METAL DUSTS. þ CHANGE YOUR CLOTHS! DON’T TAKE IT HOME!

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS METALS - GENERAL PRECAUTIONS (CONTINUED) þ ENSURE WORK AREA IS VENTILATED. þ WEAR APPROPRIATE PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT. þ SPILLS OF METALS MUST BE CONTAINED, NOT RAISED! þ FOR LARGE SPILLS, CONTACT SAFETY OFFICER. þ STORE ACIDS FROM BASES TO PREVENT REACTIONS. þ MAGNESIUM IS WATER REACTIVE! þ USE DRY SAND TO EXTINGUISH MAGNESIUM FIRES.

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS TERATOGEN: (Latin - “The Study of Monsters”) ü ü The Study of Congenital Malformations Relatively New Discipline (1941) First Correlated German Measles to Birth Defects Causes of Congenital Malformations - Heredity - Maternal Diseases Like German Measles - Maternal Viral Infections During Pregnancy - Maternal Malnutrition - Physical Injury - Ionizing Radiation Exposure - Chemical Exposure

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS TERATOGEN AFFECTS IN LAB ANIMALS: ü Review the Respective Material Safety Data Sheet ü Chemicals Having Potential Teratogenic Effects - Quinine - Boric Acid - Insecticides - Pesticides - Chloroform - Carbon Tetrachloride - Benzene - Xylene - Propylene Glycol

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS TERATOGEN AFFECTS IN HUMANS: ü Review the Respective Material Safety Data Sheet ü Agents Having Conclusive Teratogenic Effects - Anesthetic Gases - Organic Mercury Compounds - Ionizing Radiation - German Measles - Thalidomide

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS MUTAGENIC: ü ü Potential to Cause Mutation in the Genetic Code Can Cause Changes in Chromosomes Review the Respective Material Safety Data Sheet Agents Shown to Cause Potential Mutagenic Effects - Hydrogen Peroxide (a Bleaching Agent) - Ethyleneimine (an Alkylating Agent) - Ethylene Oxide (Hospital Sterilant) - Hydrazine (Used in Rocket Fuel) - Ionizing Radiation Exposure - Benzene

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS CARCINOGENIC: ü ü Can Induce a Malignant Tumor in Humans Has a Potential to Cause Cancer Can Cause or Accelerate Tumors Some Confirmed or Suspected Human Carcinogens - Acrylimide - Acrylonitrile - 4 -Aminodiphenyl - Arsenic - Benzine - Benzidine - Beryllium - Calcium Chromate - Chromium (Vi) - Ethylene Dichloride - Ethylene Oxide - Lead Chromate - Nickel Sulfide - Tetranitromethane - O-Tolidine - Vinyl Bromide - Xylidine - Zinc Chromates

SPECIFIC TYPES OF HAZARDS THE FINAL WORD CONCERNING CHEMICALS NEVER DISCOUNT ANY ROUTE-OF-ENTRY!