Have you ever seen or been involved with

• Have you ever seen, or been involved with a confrontation that started between two individuals, but eventually got many other people involved? • Is this ever a positive situation?

Causes of World War I • Standard (What do we need to be able to do? ) : Identify the causes of the war; include Balkan nationalism, entangling alliances, and militarism • Vocabulary: militarism, imperialism, nationalism, Triple Alliance, Triple Entente • Essential Question: Why did World War I occur?

Militarism • The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war. • Led to a European arms race.

Alliance System • Prussian wars united Germany. • GER was fearful of France so they allied with Austria-Hungary and Italy- Triple Alliance

Triple Entente • Germany then decided to build up its navy. This alarmed Britain. • So they formed the Triple Entente- Britain, France, and Russia.

Chosen Rivals Triple Entente Triple Alliance

Let’s Summarize… • Britain, France, and Russia made up this alliance. • Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy made up this alliance. • What policy entails keeping an army prepared for war and glorifying military power?

Imperialism • Policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate weaker ones. • In the late 1800 s and early 1900 s imperialism took place in Africa • Creates competition between European powers

Nationalism • Deep devotion to one’s country • Created rivalry between the countries of Europe • Countries were in competition for materials and markets

Crisis in the Balkans • Europe’s “powder keg”, many ethnic groups, a long history of nationalist uprisings, and ethnic clashes.

Balkan Nationalism • Ottoman Empire lost influence in the Balkans • New nations form – i. e. Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, Serbia • Serbia (slavic) desired to absorb all the Slavic community in the Balkans – Supported by Russia – Not supported by Austria-Hungary • 1908 Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina

Let’s Summarize… • A deep devotion to one’s country is known as this. • Imperialism is when stronger nations dominate weaker ones. What continent did Europeans practice this policy on? • What object did people compare the Balkans to before WWI?

The Spark • Austrian leader Archduke Franz Ferdinand his wife were shot in June 1914 by Gavrilo Princip. • Austria decided to punish Serbia.

Picking a Fight • Austria presented Serbia with an ultimatum. • Serbia agreed to most of the demands, but Austria-Hungary would not negotiate. • Declared war in July 1914.

Let’s Summarize… • The Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated to spark WWI. Where was he from? • Why did Austria punish Serbia?

After Austria Declared War… • Russia, Serbia’s ally, moved its army to the Austrian and German border. • Germany then declared war on Russia and France. • G. B. then declared war on Germany.

Nations Take Sides Central Powers • • Germany Austria-Hungary Bulgaria Ottoman Empire Allies • • • Great Britain France Russia Italy U. S. (much later)

War Alliances

The Schlieffen Plan Description: • Germany’s plan to fight a two-front war

The Schlieffen Plan Step 1: • Called for a quick defeat of France on the Western Front Step 2: • After that victory they would then attack Russia.

Let’s Summarize… • What was the name of the side with Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire? • What was the name of the side with G. B. , France, Russia, Italy, and the U. S. ? • According to the Schlieffen Plan, Germany would first defeat _____, then defeat ______.

Results: • By September of 1914, the Germans were on the outskirts of Paris, but they were defeated at the Battle of the Marne. • Germany had to abandon the Schlieffen Plan and fight a two front war.