Hardware Basics FUTUREKIDS Inc Hardware Physical components of
Hardware Basics FUTUREKIDS, Inc.
Hardware Physical components of a computer system Software Computer programs
Two hardware platforms: IBM-compatible (PC) Macintosh
Data is stored as electrical impulses On = 1 Off = 0 Binary digit (bit) 8 bits = 1 byte 01000001 = A 01000111 = G
Computer Memory Terms Kilobyte (K) = 1, 000 bytes Megabyte (MB) = 1, 000 bytes Gigabyte (GB) = 1, 000, 000 bytes
Click the correct answer. Which of the following is not equal to the others? 1 kilobyte 1, 000 bytes 100 MB 1 K
Click the correct answer. Which of the following is not equal to the others? 1 MB 1, 000 K 1 megabyte 100, 000 GB
Click the correct answer. Which of the following is not equal to the others? 1 gigabyte 1, 000 K 1, 000 megabytes 10, 000 kilobytes
Yes, 100 MB does not belong. 1 MB = 1, 000 K = 1 megabyte click here to go on
Yes, 100, 000 GB does not belong. 1 kilobyte = 1, 000 bytes = 1 K click here to go on
Yes, 10, 000 kilobytes does not belong. 1 gigabyte = 1, 000, 000 bytes = 1, 000 MB please look up at the instructor
No, click here to try again
Parts of a Computer System Processing components Input devices Output devices Storage devices
Keyboard Escape Function keys Enter Control Alt Arrow keys
Mouse
Trackball Track pad Track point
Scanner Flatbed scanner Handheld scanner
Bar code reader Joystick Touch screen Digital camera Microphone Graphics tablet
Monitor c: > monochromatic
Monitor
Printer Laser Inkjet Dots per inch=dpi Dot-matrix
Speakers Old sound Today’s sound
Modem • • Modulator demodulator Converts computer’s digital signals to analog Sends data over telephone lines Bits per second = bps External Internal
CPU • Central processing unit • Microprocessor • Functions as the “brain”
Actual size Pentium Pro Microprocessor
Internal Memory ROM RAM (Read-only memory) (Random-access memory) Basic instructions Working memory Cannot be erased Erased when turned off
Storage 5. 25 -inch disk 3. 5 -inch disk Used with first PCs More popular than 5. 25 -inch disk Used before hard disk drives existed Can hold more data
Magnetically coated Mylar Floppy disk drive
Storage Hard disk drive • Also called hard disk or hard drive • Can hold hundreds of times more data than floppies • Accessed much faster than floppies • External hard disk drives are available
Storage CD-ROM CD drive • Compact disc read-only memory • Data cannot be saved to it • Optical storage technique • Can hold 650 MB of data
Click the correct answer. Which of the following does not have a magnetic surface? 5. 25 -inch disk 3. 5 -inch disk Hard disk drive CD-ROM
Click the correct answer. Which of the following was used with the earliest PCs? 5. 25 -inch disk 3. 5 -inch disk Hard disk drive CD-ROM
Click the correct answer. From which of the following can the computer most quickly access information? 5. 25 -inch disk 3. 5 -inch disk Hard disk drive CD-ROM
Click the correct answer. Which of the following is shown? 5. 25 -inch disk 3. 5 -inch disk Hard disk drive CD-ROM
Correct CDs use optical storage techniques, not magnetic. click here to go on
Correct The earliest PCs used 5. 25 -inch floppy disks. click here to go on
Correct The hard disk drive can be accessed faster than floppy disks and CDs. click here to go on
Correct A 3. 5 -inch floppy disk is shown. please look up at the instructor
Operating System • Components work with the operating system • The OS manages internal functions and is an interface between software and the machine • The OS allows for file organization and operates some peripherals
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