HARDSHIP AND SUFFERING DURING THE GREAT DEPRESSION p

HARDSHIP AND SUFFERING DURING THE GREAT DEPRESSION p. 472 -477

Objectives • Describe how people stuggled to survive during the Depression • Explain how the Depression affected men, women, and children

THE DEPRESSION DEVASTATES PEOPLE’S LIVES The Depression in the Cities African-Americans & Latinos Shantytowns Unemployment – higher • Neighborhood in which people live in makeshift shacks Pay – lower Soup Kitchens • A place where free or low cost food is served to the needy Bread Lines • A line of people waiting for free food Unemployment leads to more racially fueled violence • 33 reported lynchings in 1933 • Calls for Latinos to be deported, even if they were born in the United States

THE DEPRESSION DEVASTATES PEOPLE’S LIVES The Depression in Rural Areas The Dust Bowl Falling prices and rising debt Dust Bowl • 1929 -1932 • ~400, 000 farms were lost due to foreclosure • Many have to turn to tenant farming • The region that was made worthless for farming by drought and dust storms during the 1930 s Plowing the western grass lands • Overproduction • Topsoil displaced • People begin to migrate west towards California

EFFECTS ON THEAMERICAN FAMILY Men in the Streets Hobos • Migratory worker Tramps • Work only when they are forced Bum • Do not work at all Direct relief • The giving of money or food by the government directly to needy people New York City • $2. 39 per week – highest in the country • $43. 65 – 2014

EFFECTS ON THEAMERICAN FAMILY Women Struggle to Survive Children Suffer Hardships Carefully management of the household Poor diets and lack of health care • Canned food • Sewed • Pulled resources • Milk consumption declined across the country • Malnutrition reports raised • Rickets Working outside the home School closures • Resentment towards married women getting work over men • 1930 s, married women were not hired as school teachers • Less tax revenue • Shorter year • 1933 – 26, 000 school closed • 300, 000 student out of school

EFFECTS ON THEAMERICAN FAMILY Children Suffer Hardships (cont. ) Social and Psychological Effects “Hoover tourist” Suicide • Sons of the poor who traveled the United States in search of work & adventure • Between 1928 -1932 rose 30% • 3 x as many people were admitted to state mental hospitals Doctor visits stopped 1929 – 1939 Give up on college • 24, 647 trespassers were killed • 27, 171 were injured on railroad property Put off marriage, large families Financial security became the primary focus

1. Why did people in cities live in shacks and wait in bread lines? 2. How did competition for jobs impact race relations during the Great Depression? 3. Why did many families leave their land during the Great Depression? 4. How did the Depression affect men and their families? 5. How did the Depression affect women and children? 6. From what long-lasting psychological consequences did Depression survivors suffer?