HAPPY NEW YEAR Hope everyone enjoyed their vacation

AFRICA GEOGRAPHY � Africa � 2 nd largest continent � 1/5 the land surface

LAND � Savanna Good soil and enough rain for farming � Most densely populated

WATER � Few good natural harbors � High plateaus make rivers have many rapids

NATURAL RESOURCES � Gold, salt, iron, copper, and other minerals were important in early

DO NOW � Define migration and desertification on your vocab sheet

MIGRATION � Early people of Africa lived throughout Sahara region until desertification dried it

AFRICAN TRADING KINGDOMS � Towns became part of important trade network � GOLD and

� African rulers created powerful kingdoms by gaining control of trade routes � West

DO NOW: � The rise of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and

INFLUENCE OF ISLAM � Became a social and religious force in North and West

MANSA MUSA � Leader of Mali from 1312 -1332 � Skilled military leader �

TIMBUKTU � Mansa Musa ordered building of mosques � Attracted Muslim doctors, religious leaders,

Slides: 17

Download presentation

� HAPPY NEW YEAR! Hope everyone enjoyed their vacation! � Do Now: � Define terms 1 and 2 on vocab sheets � Progress reports- come out on Friday 1/6 � End of marking period- 1/20

AFRICA

AFRICA GEOGRAPHY � Africa � 2 nd largest continent � 1/5 the land surface of the world

LAND � Savanna Good soil and enough rain for farming � Most densely populated climate � � Desert Sahara in N. Africa is largest in the world � Extremely hot and little vegetation (plants) �

WATER � Few good natural harbors � High plateaus make rivers have many rapids � Makes travel difficult

NATURAL RESOURCES � Gold, salt, iron, copper, and other minerals were important in early trade networks

DO NOW � Define migration and desertification on your vocab sheet

MIGRATION � Early people of Africa lived throughout Sahara region until desertification dried it out � Forced people to move � Contributed to rich diversity of Africa � Traced by scholars who studied language patterns of Africans � Bantu speaking people migrated and adapted farming methods to new climates

AFRICAN TRADING KINGDOMS � Towns became part of important trade network � GOLD and SALT were most traded products � People needed salt in their bodies to prevent dehydration � Sahara had plenty of salt � People of the savanna traded gold for salt

SALT FROM SAHARA

� African rulers created powerful kingdoms by gaining control of trade routes � West Africa � Ghana � Mali � Songhai � East Africa � Aksum (Axum)

DO NOW: � The rise of the West African kingdoms of Ghana, Mali, and Songhai can be attributed to 1. 2. 3. 4. The rise of European imperialism Their locations near the trans-Sahara trade routes Their emphasis on nationalism The spread of Christianity *What two goods were traded?

INFLUENCE OF ISLAM � Became a social and religious force in North and West Africa

WEST AFRICA TRADING KINGDOMS

MANSA MUSA � Leader of Mali from 1312 -1332 � Skilled military leader � 100, 000 man army protected Mali � Expanded empire to twice the size of Ghana � Influenced spread of Islam in West Africa � Considered golden age of Mali under his rule

TIMBUKTU � Mansa Musa ordered building of mosques � Attracted Muslim doctors, religious leaders, and scholars � Muslims attended outstanding mosques and universities � Prosperous through trade of gold and salt � By 1400 it became one of the most important trading cities