HADRON PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS AT JPARC CURRENT STATUS AND

HADRON PHYSICS EXPERIMENTS AT J-PARC - CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS Megumi Naruki (KEK)

Contents Overview of J-PARC Hadron Facility & Physics Programs Current Status beam commissioning spectrometer performance Search for Pentaquark Q+ in Hadronic Reaction ▫ J-PARC E 19 experiment : p–p K–X ▫ Future Plan �other pentaquarks, tetraquarks 2

n 400 Me. V LINAC J-PARC　bird’s-eye view 3 Ge. V PS (RCS) Materials &Life Science Facility slow extra ction neutrino sect ion Day-II 30 Ge. V 50 Ge. V 9 A 15 A (270 k. W) (750 k. W) Hadron Experimental Facility 3

Nuclear & Hadron Physics at J-PARC Strangeness Physics multi-strangeness hypernuclei 6 L LHe Pentaquark Q+ double-L L, X d SKS u s d u K 1. 8 BR Ｋ− BR nuclei KL K 1. 1 atom Exotic Hadrons High tum n e om m f(1020) f Ｘ ray kaonic atom kaonic nuclei Origin of Hadron Mass

Hadron Experimental Facility K 1. 8 BR • pmax =6 1. 1 Ge. V/c High Intensity Kaon Beams • IK~10 ppp • Large Exp. Area Production Target Loss of 30% proton K 1. 8 • pmax = 2. 0 Ge. V/c • IK~106 ppp • Double-stage 　 Electrostatic Separators KL K 1. 1 BR high mom • pmax = 0. 8 Ge. V/c entum 6 • I ~10 ppp K • primary proton • pmax = 51 Ge. V/c • Ip~109~12 ppp 5

J PARC PAC Approval summary after the 6 th meeting Spokespersons Title of the experiment Slow line priority Approval status Beamline Day 1? Priority RIKEN, KEK A Search for deeply bound kaonic nuclear states by in flight Stage 2 3 He(K , n) reaction Day 1 K 1. 8 BR E 17 R. Hayano, H. Outa U. Tokyo, RIKEN Precision spectroscopy of Kaonic 3 He 3 d >2 p X rays Stage 2 Day 1 K 1. 8 BR E 31 H. Noumi Osaka U. Spectroscopic study of hyperon resonances below KN threshold via the (K , n) reaction on Deuteron Stage 1 K 1. 8 BR E 03 K. Tanida Kyoto U Measurement of X rays from Ξ Atom Stage 2 K 1. 8 E 05 T. Nagae KEK Spectroscopic Study of Ξ Hypernucleus, 12 ΞBe, via the 12 C(K , K+) Reaction Stage 2 K. Imai, E 07 K. Nakazawa, H. Tamura Kyoto U. , Gifu U. , Tohoku U. Systematic Study of Double Strangeness System with an Emulsion counter Hybrid Method Stage 2 K 1. 8 E 08 A. Krutenkova ITEP Pion double charge exchange on oxygen at J PARC Stage 1 K 1. 8 Osaka U Production of Neutron Rich Lambda Hypernuclei with the Double Charge Exchange Reaction (Revised from Initial P 10) Stage 2 K 1. 8 Tohoku U. Gamma ray spectroscopy of light hypernuclei Stage 2 E 15 E 10 M. Iwasaki, T. Nagae Affiliation A. Sakaguchi, T. Fukuda E 13 T. Tamura SNU, H. Bhang, H. Outa, E 18 RIKEN, H. Park KRISS E 19 M. Naruki E 22 S. Ajimura, A. Sakaguchi RIKEN Osaka U E 27 T. Nagae Kyoto U. E 14 T. Yamanaka Osaka University E 06 J. Imazato KEK E 16 S. Yokkaichi RIKEN Coincidence Measurement of the Weak Decay of 12 ΛC and Stage 1 the three body weak interaction process High resolution Search for Θ+ Pentaquark in π p K X Stage 2 Reactions Exclusive Study on the Lambda N Weak Interaction in A=4 Stage 1 Lambda Hypernuclei (Revised from Initial P 10) Search for a nuclear Kbar bound state K pp in the d(p+, K+) Stage 1 reaction Proposal for KL > π0 ν ν bar Experiment at J PARC Stage 2 Measurement of T violating Transverse Muon Polarization Stage 1 in K+ > π0 µ + ν Decays Electron pair spectrometer at the J PARC 50 Ge. V PS to Stage 1 explore the chiral symmetry in QCD Day 1 1 2 K 1. 8 Day 1 K 1. 8 KL K 1. 1 BR High 6 pt

Double-Strangeness Hypernuclei J-PARC E 05 Experiment high intensity kaon beam (K 1. 8) + SKS spectrometer Ξ－（dss) K－ Expected Spectrum K＋ s －u － s nuclei 12 C Ξ-hypernuclei • discovery of X-hypernculei • X-nucleus interaction Ø structure of the neutron star Ø explore multi-strangeness hadronic systems u green: X-nucleus potential = 20 Me. V magenta: X-nucleus potential = 14 Me. V

T. Hiraiwa, Parallell A 1, Friday A search for deeply bound kaonic nuclear states by in-flight 3 He(K-, n) reaction J-PARC E 15 Experiment @ K 1. 8 BR prediction for nucleon density distribution by AMD r ~ 10 r 0 : extremely dense system A. Dote et al. , PRC 70 (2004) 044313. K- 3 He K-pp neutron L p- y ca de clarify the kaon nucleus interaction quantitatively Does the deeply bound state really exists? proton Missing mass Spectroscopy via neutron Invariant mass reconstruction

Origin of Hadron Mass - J-PARC E 16 In Hot/Dense Matter In Vacuum spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry u d u Current quarks ~ 5 Me. V/c 2 Hadrons ~ 1000 Me. V/c 2 Constituent quarks ~ 300 Me. V/c 2 vector meson mass in nuclear matter proton φ u ee+ nuclear target(p, C, Pb) high momentum beamline + E 16 Spectrometer

Beam Requests from Stage-2 Experiments 30 Ge. V, 9μA = 270 k. W, 2 x 1014 protons/3. 6 s K 1. 8 (SKS) Beam Period Power [k. W] [days] Protons on Target 270 33 28 1. 6 x 1020 1. 4 x 1020 E 03 E 05 X rays from Ξ- Atom E 07 Double Strangeness with Emulsion 56 25 2. 5 x 1019 E 10 E 13 Λ-Hypernuclei 3. 2 270 42 42 2. 4 x 1018 2. 0 x 1020 E 19 Θ+ Pentaquark 3. 2 14 8. 1 x 1017 Ξ-Hypernucleus Gamma-ray spectroscopy of light hypernuclei

Beam Requests from Stage-2 Experiments 30 Ge. V, 9μA = 270 k. W, 2 x 1014 protons/3. 6 s K 1. 8 BR E 17 E 15 Kaonic 3 He deeply bound kaonic nucleus Beam Period Power [k. W] [days] Protons on Target 270 1. 7 x 1019 1. 4 x 1020 3. 5 28 KL E 14 Kaon Rare Decay Beam Period Power [k. W] [days] Protons on Target 270 1. 7 x 1021 350

Milestone First Beam Extraction　2009/1/27 First Kaon Beam 2009/3 Completion of K 1. 8 beamline　 2009/10 Construction of K 1. 1 BR beamline high momentum beamline ？ Extension of Hadron Hall　？？

The First Shot 2009/1/27 1 (q 01 in) 3 (v 04 in) 2 (q 02 in) 4 (V 06 in) 5 (q 11 in) 6 (T 0 in) 7 (q 1 Aout) 8 (T 1 in) 9 (Dump in)

Milestone First Beam Extraction　2009/1/27 First Kaon Beam 2009/3 Completion of K 1. 8 beamline　 2009/10 Construction of K 1. 1 BR beamline high momentum beamline ？ Extension of Hadron Hall　？？

The First Kaon at J-PARC time difference between p & K ~ 2. 4 nsec (Expected: 2. 3 nsec @ 1. 1 Gev/c e++ ++p+: K+ ~ 9000: 40 (Expected : p+: K + ~ 540: 1 @ 1. 0 Ge. V/c) Identify K + on TOF the spectrum Beamline Tuning @K 1. 8 BR 2009/2 By T. Suzuki 15

Milestone First Beam Extraction　2009/1/27 First Kaon Beam 2009/3 Completion of K 1. 8 beamline　 2009/10 Construction of K 1. 1 BR beamline high momentum beamline ？ Extension of Hadron Hall　？？

– Purity & Yield at Kaons @ K 1. 8 TOF of beam particle in “K” trigger ES 1/ES 2 OFF p- 20. 5% Kp ES 1 ON ES 2 OFF 38. 5% ES 1/ES 2 ON 83. 4% K- : 7 k/2. 5 E+12 ppp K+ : 40 k/2. 5 E+12 ppp consistent with design value *still rough tuning K/p will be much more improved 8% in nonbiased trigger

Milestone First Beam Extraction　2009/1/27 First Kaon Beam 2009/3 Completion of K 1. 8 beamline　 2009/10 Construction of K 1. 1 BR beamline high momentum beamline ？ Extension of Hadron Hall　？？ now

South part North part KL m entu Mom Hi gh SKS K 1. 8 BR R K 1. 1 B

Milestone First Beam Extraction　2009/1/27 First Kaon Beam 2009/3 Completion of K 1. 8 beamline　 2009/10 Construction of K 1. 1 BR beamline high momentum beamline ？ Extension of Hadron Hall　？？ now

High Momentum Beamline SM 1: branched by 5° Vertical Bend 3. 9° 5. 8°x 3 Experimental Area beam dump

Phase II : Hall Extension

E 19 experiment K 1. 8 BR K 1. 8 proton K 1. 1 BR KL

Production Mechanism CLAS-d gd p. K-K+(n) U. L. ~3 nb for gn LEPS g. C K-K+(n) PRL 96, 042001 (2006) 4. 6 s consistent with each other: since there is strong angle / energy dependence. CLAS-p gp Ko. KN E 559 K+ p p + X U. L. 0. 8 nb U. L. 3. 5 b/sr it implies a very small coupling to K*. g. NK*Q+ ∼ 0 Q+ production in hadronic reaction g • small angle dependence • inverse proportion to energy + - + cf: g p → p K K (n) CLAS PRL 92032001(2004) p+ p- proton Kn K+ Q+ n 24

KEK-PS E 522 experiment • Q+ search via p–p K–X • K 2 beamline + KURAMA • beam momentum : 1. 87, 1. 92 Ge. V/c • target : Polyethylene • intensity : 3. 3 X 105 p– /spill • beam time : 32 hours for each momentum ~ 7 X 109 p • Mass resolution : 13. 4 Me. V(FWHM) a bump was observed at M =1530. 8 Me. V/c 2 at pp=1. 92 Ge. V/c but : S/N = 2. 5 s upper limit : ds/d. W < 2. 9 b/sr if exist pp=1. 92 Ge. V/c ds/d. W = 1. 9 b/sr stot = 2. 9 b 25

Magnetic Field: 2. 4 T Acceptance : 0. 1 sr Weight : 300 tons J-PARC E 19 experiment K 1. 8 beam line + SKS 2 Ge. V/c p- + p K- + Q+ target : liquid H 2, reuse E 559’s SKS : momentum coverage : 0. 70. 95 Ge. V/c angle coverage ≤ 20° pscattered up to ~ 1. 1 Ge. V/c dp/p ~ 0. 2% @ 1 Ge. V/c (~5 times better than KURAMA) DM = 2. 5 Me. V FWHM K- 2 Ge. V/c p- ideal for Q+ detection 26

Expected Missing Mass Spectrum KEK PS E 522 1. 9 b/sr significance : 62 s assuming G < 2 Me. V s = 1. 9 b sensitivity main contributions come from; f : fn K+K–n 30. 0± 8. 0 b 75 nb/sr L : L(1520)K 0 K–K 0 p 20. 8± 5. 0 b phase space : K–KN 26 b 27

SKS Spectrometer Q 13 Q 12 D 4 Q 10 Q 11

Spectrometer Performance p(p-, K+)S- @1. 25 Ge. V/c S- Target: Liq-H 2(0. 86 g/cm 2 ) (750 k/spill x 18 hour) Expected: • Dp/p(Beam) = 3. 3 x 10 -4(FWHM) • Dp/p(SKS) = 4. 5 x 10 -3(FWHM) Measured: DM = 1. 66± 0. 05 Me. V (FWHM) Dp. SKS ~3. 3 Me. V/c (FWHM) @ 0. 7 Ge. V/c M = 1. 201 Ge. V (1. 1974 Ge. V) ready for E 19! for p(p-, K-)Q+ @1. 92 Ge. V/c : DM ~1. 76 Me. V

In FUTURE… • other pentaquarks: cascade X 5 --(1862) , charmed Q 0 c(3100) ▫ K-n X--K+, pth=2. 4 Ge. V ▫ pp pp. Q 0 c. X, pth=12. 3 Ge. V • tetraquark: Q+(udss) , Q+ “family” ▫ Y. KANADA-En’yo et. al. : Jp=1+ , M=1. 4 Ge. V, G=20~50 Me. V, Q+ K+K+p- ▫ Burns et al. : Jp=1 - , M=1. 6 Ge. V, G<100 Me. V ▫ Karliner & Lipkin : Jp=0+ �K+p K+p. Q+ X pth=3. 7 Ge. V �K+p LQ+ X pth=2. 8 Ge. V �K+p S+Q+ p =3 Ge. V 30

High momentum secondary beams at high-p beam line SM 1: branched by 5° Vertical Bend 3. 9° 5. 8°x 3 Secondary Beams: Use a thin (2% = 15 k. W loss) target at SM 1 Collect them at forward angles Transport them for ~120 m

Power upgrade plan of SX Beam intensity Spill structure JFY Key components Users operation [k. W] Accelerator study [ k. W] Key components Duty [%] 2010 Dynamic bump 5 10 Feedback system Ripple canceller 15+a 2011 SX collimator 10 20 RQ Power supply 30 2012 Ti chambers Local shields 20 30 Main Power Supplies ? > 30 2013 30 > AGS power 2014 > AGS power

Summary ▫ Current Status ▫ K and p Yield is consistent with the expectation ▫ Spectrometer performance is good enough to reach the expected sensitivity. • J-PARC E 19 searches for Q+ in p–p K–Q+ raction ▫ K 1. 8 beamline + SKS is ideal for Q+ ▫ significance ~60 s, sensitivity ~75 nb/sr ▫ with mass resolution of 2. 5 Me. V(FWHM) 33

Bakups

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Spill Structure Shot#21025 EQ off RQ Algorithm#3 Main Gain = 20 Int. Gain = 100 36