H S I N O I T C

H S I N O I T C Y U G D O O L R O T IN ON PH TO L G N E

THE STUDIES OF SOUND There are two fields or sub-disciplines in linguistics concerned with pronunciation and sound, namely: phonetics and phonology.

PHONETICS This study describes and analyzes the sounds humans use in language in an objective way. Three different areas of phonetics can be distinguished: articulatory phonetics, acoustic phonetics and auditory phonetics.

Articulatory phonetics analyses which organs and muscles are used by speakers to produce speech. Acoustic phonetics is concerned with the physical properties of speech sounds as they travel in the air between a speaker's mouth and a listener's ear. Auditory phonetics focuses on the effect those sounds have when they re ach the listener's ear and brain.

As there are many variations of sounds in human languages and how those sounds are represented in different letters or alphabets, phoneticians then invented International Phonetic Alphabets to represent each different speech sound unit.

PHONOLOGY Phonology concerns with how speech sounds form patterns in a particular language, investigates for example, which function a sound has in a language and which sounds can be combined - follow each other - and which cannot. Phonology can be divided into two areas: segmental and suprasegmental phonology.

Segmental phonology deals with speech sounds, while suprasegmental phonology is concerned with larger units such as syllables, words and intonation phrases

REFERENCES Mc. Mahon, A. M. (2010). An introduction to English phonology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press. Gut, U. (2014). Introduction to English Phonetics and Phonology. Peter Lang Publishing Group.