Gustav Klimt pintor austraco simbolista nasceu em Baumgarten

Gustav Klimt , pintor austríaco simbolista, nasceu em Baumgarten, Viena, em 14 de julho de 1862. Klimt viveu na pobreza enquanto frequentava a “Vienna School of Arts and Crafts ” (Kunstgewerbeschule ), onde estudou pintura arquitetônica até 1883. Seus primeiros trabalhos podem ser classificados como acadêmicos. Klimt começou sua carreira profissional pintando murais e tetos interiores em grandes edifícios públicos na “ Ringstrasse ”. Em 1888 Klimt recebeu a “Golden Order of Merit ” do Imperador Franz Josef I da Áustria por suas contribuições para murais pintados no “Burgtheater ”, em Viena, tendo, também se tornado membro honorário da Universidade de Munique e da Universidade de Viena. No início da década de 1890 Klimt conheceu Emilie Louise Floge , que foi sua companheira até o fim de sua vida. Em 1894, Klimt foi contratado para criar três quadros para decorar o teto do Salão da Universidade de Viena: “Philosophy ”, “Medicine” e “Jurisprudence ”. Todas as três pinturas foram destruídas por um incêndio na ocasião da retirada das forças alemãs em 1945 no Schloss Immendorf , na Áustria. Klimt foi um dos membros fundadores e presidente do “Wiener Secession ” em 1897 e do jornal do grupo, “Ver Sacrum ”. Em 1902, Klimt terminou a “Beethoven Frieze ” para a exposição “ Fourteenth Vienna Secessionist ”.

Die Fabel, 1883 - Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien, Austria

Idyll, 1884 - Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien, Austria

Em 1904, Klimt colaborou com outros artistas no luxuoso “Palais Stoclet ”. Sua contribuição na sala de jantar foi representada por alguns dos seus melhores trabalhos decorativos. A “Fase de Ouro” nas pinturas de Klimt foi marcada pela reação crítica positiva e sucesso financeiro. Muitas de suas pinturas deste período incluem folha de ouro. Na primeira década do século XX o Expressionismo faz com que o estilo dourado de Klimt deixe de ser usado. Em 1909 Klimt parte para Paris onde toma contato com as obras de Toulouse-Lautrec e com o Fauvismo. A partir de então, Klimt passa a usar cenários menos elaborados, deixando de lado os motivos geométricos e a suntuosidade do ouro. Surgem as pinturas de jardins, paisagens campestres e do Castelo Kammer , que refletem as influências do Cubismo que surgia então. Há a inclusão de elementos naturais (a água, a vegetação), bem como de construções. Em 1910 participa com sucesso da 9ª Bienal de Veneza. Em 1911, na Exposição Internacional de Roma, recebe o 1º premio com o quadro “Death and Life ”. Fez viagens a Florença, Roma, Bruxelas, Londres e Madri. Sappho, 1888 Historical Museum of the City of Vienna, Austria

Old Burgtheater in Vienna, 1888 - Historisches Museum der Stadt Wien, Austria

As últimas obras de Klimt voltam-se para um lado mais erótico, claramente assumido; daí resultam mais de 3. 000 desenhos. Com a morte da sua mãe em 1915 também a sua paleta se torna mais sombria, e as paisagens tendem para a monocromia. Em 1916 participa da exposição de “Bund Österreichischer Kunstler ” na Secessão de Berlim. Klimt morreu em Viena, em 6 de fevereiro de 1918. Portrait of Pianist Joseph Pembauer , 1890 Tyrolean Provincial Museum Innsbruck , Austria Portrait of Emilie Flöge, c. 1893 Galerie bei der Albertina, Vienna, Austria

Music, 1895 - Neue Pinakothek, Munich, Germany

Portrait of Marie Breunig, 1894 Privately Owned , Austria Der Blinde , 1896 Leopold Museum, Vienna, Austria

Pallas Athena, 1898 - H istorical Museum , Vienna , Austria

Portrait of Sonja Knips , 1898 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna , Austria Nuda Veritas, 1899 Österreichisches Theatermuseum, Vienna, Austria

Medicine, 1899 Philosophie , 1899

Jurisprudence, 1899 Water Nymphs, 1899 - Kunstsammlung Bank Austria Creditanstalt , Vienna, Austria

Judith and the Head of Holofernes , 1901 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Austria Emilie Floge , 1902 - Historical Museum , Vienna , Austria Hope I, 1903 - National Gallery , Ottawa, Canada

The Beethoven Frieze, 1902 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria The Hostile Powers (far wall)

The Hostile Powers (detail)

(detail ) (detail) The Three Gorgones : Sickness, Madness, Death

Beethoven Frieze: Longing for Happiness Finds Repose in Poetry (right wall), 1902

Water Serpents I, 1904 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna , Austria Portrait of Hermine Gallia, 1904 National Gallery, London, England

Stoclet Fries: The Tree of Life, 1905 - Palais Stoclet , Brussells , Belgium

Palais Stoclet , Brussells , Belgium Stoclet Fries (detail )

The Three Ages of Woman, 1905 - Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna , Rome, Italy

Sunflower , 1906 - Privately Owned Portrait of Margaret Stonborough-Wittgenstein , 1905 Neue Pinakothek , Munich , Germany

Portrait of Fritza Riedler , 1906 - Österreichische Galerie , Vienna , Austria

Water Serpents II, 1907 - Privately Owned

Danaë , 1907 - Galerie Würthle , Vienna , Austria

Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer I, 1907 - Neue Galerie , New York, USA

The Kiss, 1907 -08 - Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna , Austria

Hope II, 1907 -08 - Museum of Modern Art, New York, USA Judith II (Salome), 1909 Musei Civici Veneziani, Venice, Italy

The Park, 1909 -10 Museum of Modern Arts, New York, USA Old Woman, 1909 Privately Owned, Paris, France

Death and Life, 1910 - Leopold Museum, Vienna, Austria

Black Feather Hat, 1910 Privately Owned, New York, USA Orchard with Roses, 1911 - Privately Owned

Cottage Garden with Crucifix, 1911 -12 - Destroyed in 1945

Mäda Gertrude Primavesi , 1912 Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, USA Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer II, 1912 Privately Owned

Avenue in Schloss Kammer Park, 1912 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria Malcesine on Lake Garda, 1913 Destroyed in 1945

The Virgins, 1912 -13 - National Gallery, Prague, Czech Republic

Kirche in Cassone , 1913 - Privately Owned Eugenia Primavesi, 1913 -14 Privately Owned

Teenage Girl, 1916 Galleria Ricci Oddi, Piacenza, Italy Portrait of Baroness Elisabeth Bachofen-Echt , 1914 -16 Privately Owned

Church in Unterach on Lake Attersee , 1916 Privately Owned Dancer, 1916 Privately Owned, New York, USA

The Girlfriends, 1916 Galerie Welz, Salzburg, Austria Portrait of Friederike Maria Beer, 1916 Privately Owned

Biography : Gustav Klimt , Austrian Simbolist painter , was born in Baumgarten, Vienna , on July 14, 1862. Klimt lived in poverty while attending the “Vienna School of Arts and Crafts ” (Kunstgewerbeschule ), where he studied architectural painting until 1883. His early works may be classified as academic. Klim began his profissional career painting interior murals and ceilings in large public buildings in the “Ringstrasse ”. In 1888, Klimt received the “Golden Order of Merit ” from the Emperor Franz Josef I of Austria for his contribution to murals painted in the “Burgtheater ” in Vienna. He also became an honorary member of the University of Munich and the University of Vienna. In the early 1890 s Klimt met Emilie Louise Floge who was his companion for the rest of his life. Garden Path with Chickens, 1917 Destroyed in 1945 In 1894 Klimt was commissioned to create three paintings to decorate the ceiling of the Hall of Vienna : “Philosophy ”, “Medicine” and “Jurisprudence ”. All three paintings were destroyed by a fire set by the retreating German forces in 1945 at Schloss Immendorf , Austria.

Baby, 1917 -18 The National Gallery of Art, Washington, D. C. , USA

Klimt was a founding member and president of the “Wiener Secession ” in 1897 and of the newspaper group “Ver Sacrum ”. In 1902 Klimt finished the “Beethoven Frieze ” for the exhibition “Vienna Secessionist Fourteenth ”. In 1904, Klimt collaborated with other artists in the luxurious “Palais Stoclet ”. His contribution in the dining-room was some of his finest decorative work. The “Golden Phase ” in the paintings of Klimt was distinguished by the positive critical reaction and financial success. Many of his paintings from this period include golden leaf. In the first decade of the twentieth century , Expressionism made the Klimt golden style to be left aside. In 1909 Klimt went to Paris where he comes in contact with the works of Toulouse-Lautrec and with Fauvism. From then on, Klimt began to use less elaborate scenarios , leaving aside the geometric themes and the golden sumptuousness. It appears the paintings of the gardens , the countryside , the Kammer Castle , which reflects the influences of Cubism which was then coming into view. There is the inclusion of natural elements (water , vegetation ), as well as buildings. In 1910 he participates successfully at the “ 9 th Venice Biennale ”. In 1911, at the International Exhibition of Rome , he receives the 1 st prize with the work “Death and Life ”. Klimt made trips to Florence, Rome , Brussels , London and Madrid. Klimt latest works turn to a more erotic side , clearly assumed. It attains over 3. 000 drawings. With the death of his mother in 1915 his palette also becomes darker , and landscapes tend to a monochrome choice. In 1916 Klimt participates in the exhibition of “Bund Österreichischer Kunstler ” at the Berlin Secession. Klimt died in Vienna on February 6, 1918 Adam and Eve, 1918 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria

The Bride, 1918 - Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna , Austria

Créditos Música: Serenade Nº 2, 1 st Movement Robert Fuchs , 1847 -1927 Pesquisa e Formatação: Julia Zappa juliazappa@uol. com. br Revisão e Tradução de Texto: Ida Aranha sabercultural@sabercultural. com http: //www. sabercultural. org Outubro 2014 Portrait of Johanna Staude , 1918 Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna, Austria

Theatre of Shakespeare Ceiling painting in the Burgtheater in Vienna Fontes: http: //www. klimt. com/ http: //pt. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Gustav_Klimt http: //www. abcgallery. com/K/klimt. html http: //www. pintoresfamosos. com. br/? pg=klimt http: //www. neuegalerie. org/collection/artist-profiles/gustav-klimt http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Chronological_list_of_Gustav_Klimt' s_main_paintings http: //www. raphaelgallery. org/painting-Gustav%20 Klimt. The %20 Beethoven-53345. htm