GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN Growth and Development

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN

Growth and Development of Children Prepared by : Dr. Priya Reshma Aranha Asst. Professor Dept of Child Health Nursing Yenepoya Nursing College Reviewed by: Prof. Umarani J Mrs. Renita Priya Dsouza

Learning Objectives At the end of the class the students will be able to • Define growth and development • Explain importance of Growth and Development for Nurses • Enlist the principles of growth and development • Discuss the factors affecting growth and development

• Growth refers to an increase in physical size of the whole body or any of its parts. It is simply a quantitative change in the child’s body. It can be measured in Kg, pounds, meters, inches etc.

• Development refers to a progressive increase in skill and capacity of function. It is a qualitative change in the child’s functioning. It can be measured through observation. • By understanding what to expect during each stage of development , parents can easily capture the teachable moments in everyday life to enhance their child's language development, intellectual growth, social development and motor skills. • Maturation is increase in child’s competence and adaptability. It is describing the qualitative change in a structure. The level of maturation depends on child’s heredity.

Importance of Growth and Development for Nurses • Knowing what to expect of a particular child at any given age. • Gaining better understanding of the reasons behind illnesses. • Helping in formulating the plan of care. • Helping in parents’ education in order to achieve optimal growth & development at each stage.

Principles of Growth and development Continuity Sequentiality Generality to Specificity Differentiality Development proceeds from the head downward(Cephalo-caudal) • Development proceeds from the centre of the body outward • Development depends on maturation and learning • Each stage of G&D is affected by the preceding types of development. • • •

Factors affecting growth and development • • Heredity, Environment, Sex, Nutrition, Races, Exercise, Hormones, Learning and Reinforcement.

Evaluation • Define growth and development • What is the importance of Growth and Development for Nurses • List down the principles of growth and development • List down the factors affecting growth and development

References 1. Wong’s essentials of paediatrics nursing, 7 th edition, Marilyn J Hockenberry, Wilson, Winkelstein. 2005 2. Wongs essentials of paediatric nursing. First South Asia edition. 2013 3. Marlow text book of paediatric nursing, South asian edition. 2013 4. Marlow text book of paediatric nursing, 6 th edition. 1998. 5. Terry Kyle. Essentials of paediatric nursing. Wolter Kluwer. South Asian edition. 2009

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