GROUPWARE CSCW COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK GROUPWARE CSCW

GROUPWARE / CSCW (COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK)

GROUPWARE CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work)

Apa itu Groupware? Software yang secara khusus dirancang untuk mendukung pekerjaan kelompok dengan kebutuhan kerjasama. Fungsinya tidak hanya sebagai alat untuk komunikasi. Groupware dapat diklasifikasikan dengan kapan di mana partisipan bekerja (pada waktu yang sama atau tidak) fungsi itu melakukan kerja kooperatif Masalah dan implementasi groupware (sulit) 3

The Time/Space Matrix Mengklasifikasikan groupware dengan: Ketika (when) partisipan bekerja , pada waktu yang sama atau tidak Dimana (where) para partisipan bekerja , di tempat yang sama atau tidak Nama untuk sumbu matrix: time (waktu): synchronous/asynchronous place (tempat): co-located/remote (jarak jauh) same place same time different time 4 different place

Time/Space Matrix Synchronous Asynchronous Co-Located Remote same place different place same time face-to-face conversation different time post-it note telephone letter 5

Classification by Function Kerja kooperatif melibatkan: Participants who are working (siapa yang bekerja) Artefacts upon which they work (dimana mereka bekerja) understanding participants P direct communication P control and feedback Artefact : tempat bekerja A artefacts of work 6

What interactions does a tool support? computer-mediated communication meeting and decision support systems direct communication between participants common understanding shared applications and artefacts control and feedback with shared work objects – common understanding participants P direct communication P control and feedback artefacts of work A computer-mediated communication – direct communication between participants shared applications and artefacts – control and feedback with shared work objects 7

Time/space matrix revisited co-located remote meeting rooms video conferences, video-wall, etc. synchronous shared work surfaces and editors shared PCs and windows asynchronous argumentation tools email and electronic conferences co-authoring systems, shared calendars 8

Terminologi Groupware • Terminologi kerja koperatif berarti ada 2 atau lebih partisipan, berhubungan satu sama lain dalam pekerjaan dan juga berinteraksi dengan bermacam tool dan produk, berbagi secara fisik dengan maksud untuk mencapai tujuan bersama. • Pekerjaan seperti penelitian, maka partisipan akan berinteraksi dan membangun pemahaman dan ide. Termasuk peningkatan media komunikasi. 9

Computer-Mediated Communication • email and bulletin boards (Familier dan populer) • structured message systems • text messaging -sms • video, virtual environments

Email and bulletin boards asynchronous/remote Paling familiar dan groupware yang tersukses Recipients of email: direct in To: field copies in Cc: field Pengiriman identik-berbeda dalam hal tujuan sosialnya 11

Bulletin Board 12

E-Mail 13

E-Mail 14

E-Mail 15

Email vs. bulletin boards fan out one-to-one – email, direct communication one-to-many – email, distribution lists BBs, broadcast distribution control sender – email, private distribution list administrator – email, shared distribution list recipient – BBs, subscription to topics 16

Structured message systems (ctd) Type: Seminar announcement To: all From: Alan Dix Subject: departmental seminar Time: 2: 15 Wednesday Place: D 014 Speaker: W. T. Pooh Title: The Honey Pot Text: Recent research on socially constructed meaning has focused on the image of the Honey Pot and its dialectic interpretation within an encultured hermeneutic. This talk … 17

INSTANT MESSAGING MIRC Quick. IM Heysan We. Chat ICQ Jive. Talk Yeh. BA Mobile IM Whats. App YM Causerie Palringo Vocal IM Facebook Messenger Agile Messenger Tipic. Me MT Messenger Line Eqo i. Skoot Epyx. Mobile Viber Fring Mova. Messenger Go. Talk. Mobile Snapchat IM+ Turbo MSN Mobile Kakao. Talk Octro. Talk Nimbuzz Mundu Chat On BBM QQ Skype 18

Video Tele-conference

Beberapa Servis Internet Banyak Reflector Telah Dipasang e-mailing list Video Conference Melalui News server Internet - Rp. news. ee. itb. ac. id. 7000 / jam - 64 Kbps! WWW http: //www. itb. ac. id. FTP server ftp. dinus. ac. id. Videoconference Internet FAX Server Internet Phone/Vo. Ip -

Meeting And Decision Support Systems • argumentation tools (alat bantu argumentasi) • meeting rooms (ruang pertemuan) • shared drawing surfaces (berbagi bidang gambar)

Meeting and Decision Support System Dalam desain, manajemen dan penelitian, kita ingin: menghasilkan ide-ide mengembangkan ide-ide merekam ide-ide “ penekanan utama” pemahaman umum 22

Three types of system argumentation tools asynchronous co-located Mencatat argumen-argumen untuk keputusan desain meeting rooms synchronous co-located Dukungan elektronik untuk pertemuan tatap muka shared drawing surfaces synchronous remote Saling berbagi papan gambar yang dalam jangkauan 23

argumentation tools asynchronous co-located Seperti hipertext untuk menyimpan design rationale (dasar pemikiran desain) Tujuan : Mengingatkan desainer mengenai alasan-alasan atas pengambilan keputusan Dasar pemikiran komunikasi di antara team desain. 24

Meeting rooms synchronous co-located Ruang pertemuan yang dirancang menggunakan peralatan elektronik untuk pertemuan tatap muka Terminal individu Layar lebar yang bisa berbagi Software khusus Kursi-kursi yang ditata berbentuk huruf U atau C di sekitar layar Mode-mode yang bervariasi: brainstorming, penggunaan pribadi, WYSIWIS – ‘what you see is what I see’ Semua layar menunjukkan citra yang sama Semua partisipan dapat menulis dan menggambar ke layar. 25

Typical meeting room shared screen 26

Shared Applications And Artefacts • shared PCs and windows • shared editors, co-authoring tools • shared diaries • communication through the artefact

Frameworks For Groupware • time/space matrix • shared information • communication and work • awareness (kesadaran)

Implementasi Groupware • umpan balik dan delay pada jaringan • arsitektur groupware • feedthrough and network traffic • graphical toolkits, robustness and scaling

Hypertext Multimedia and the World-Wide Web

Hypertext - not just linear non-linear structure blocks of text (pages) links between pages create a mesh or network users follow their own path through information bookmark home this is text or is it hypertext only links can tell this is text or is it hypertext only links can tell back link external link this is text or is it hypertext only links can tell

Hypermedia – not just text hypertext systems + additional media illustrations, photographs, video and sound links/hotspots may be in media areas of pictures times and locations in video also called multimedia but term also used for simple audio/video

WEB TECHNOLOGY AND ISSUES protocols browsers web servers and clients networking

Web basic, servers and clients the ‘web’ – protocols and standard HTTP – to carry information over the internet HTML, XML and graphics formats for content browsers to view the results … plus plug-ins web servers and clients the web is distributed server finds page browser sends request user clicks link GET /e 3/authors. html HTTP/1. 1 syuhhow howgtw hsioi iert ertag agtyty ghntytywe weghty chdiqw qwoatyf syuh how gtw wetdflaght ghtaa hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a communicate with HTTP server sends page back syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a syuh how gtw hsio i ert ag ty ghn ty we ghty syuh how gtw chdi qw syuh oatyf how hsio ert ag ty ty wet dfla hsio ght ii ert a ag ghn ty we ghty chdi qw qw oatyf chdi syuh oatyf how gtw wet dfla ght wet hsio ght i ert aa ag ty ghn ty we ghty chdi qw oatyf wet dfla ght a browser displays it web client (browser) web server (stores pages)

network issues - timing Qo. S (quality of service) bandwidth how much information per second latency how long it takes (delay) jitter how consistent is the delay reliability some messages are lost … need to be resent … increases jitter connection set-up need to ‘handshake’ to start

bandwidth, latency and jitter bandwidth how much latency how long send receive time jitter how variable

Web Content Static : Dynamic : web unchanging pictures and text interaction and applications on the