GROUNDWATER GROUNDWATER Groundwater Underground water that fills almost

GROUNDWATER

GROUNDWATER © Groundwater: Underground water that fills almost all the pores in rock and sediment. © Where? ©In all of the pores in the rocks and sediment. ©How much? © 90% of earth’s freshwater supply

© A layer of permeable rock that transmits water freely is an Aquifer. © Aquifer efficiency depends on sediment size. ©(Gravel vs. sand)

GROUNDWATER © Porosity – Amount of water a rock can hold.

GROUNDWATER © Permeability- the ability of rock or soil to transmit water. © The holes between the particles must be connected.

Groundwater ©Impermeable: water cannot flow through layer of sediment (clay)

ZONES of GROUNDWATER Ø The area where all of the pores in the rock are filled with water is the zone of saturation. © The upper surface of this zone is the water table. © The layer between Earth’s surface and the water table is the Zone of Aeration.

ZONES of GROUNDWATER ©Go to book, pg. 263 to draw picture for obj. 16. 23.

Groundwater Movement ©Gradient: Movement of water in the pores of the ground. Always down hill.

Movement of water ©Obj. 16. 25 ©(on elmo)

© Ordinary well hole dug below the water table that fills with groundwater © Artesian well natural wells are under enough pressure to bring the water to the surface without a pump.

Wells and Springs ©Go to pg. 266 ©Draw diagram of both an Oridnary and an Artesian Well

GROUNDWATER ©What are some modern-day groundwater issues that are affecting Michigan? ?