Green Growth New Shoots 10 th May 2012

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Workshop 6 Funding and Finance Stefan Kreutz Hafen. City University Hamburg HCU

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Benefits and values of quality open spaces are manifold: • • • Social values Environmental values Economical values Cultural values … Investments are necessary to create and to use these benefits/values and to secure them in the long-run – that’s what place-making and place-keeping is about

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Funding and Finance in place-keeping Modes of funding maintenance and operation of open spaces and the need to secure long-term financial resources to safeguard the values of open spaces, i. e. • Capital - to pay for one-off improvements, construction, renovations and equipment • Revenue (or operating funds) - to pay for general maintenance and staffing

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Sources of Funding – The Public Sector • Several public levels: city, region, federal, European • Lack of guaranteed funding – pk is not a statutory task • Competition between city departments and infrastructures, e. g. education, fire, culture, sports etc. • Danger of “zero-sum games” • Procurement regulations, tendering processes and contractual arrangements • Influence of political decisions

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Sources of Funding – The Private Sector • Open Space as a public good and a public asset – but also sometimes as private property • Open Space has an influence on property values • Private funding of open spaces: individual donors, publicprivate organisations, foundations, businesses, proprietors

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Sources of Funding – The Third Sector • • Community organisations or charities Voluntary work of community groups and individuals Investment of money, time, know-how etc. Not on a strategic or citywide level but with a focus on single open spaces

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Key issues of Funding and Finance • Valuation of open space and the direct and indirect effects, e. g. impact of open space quantities and qualities on property values • Calculation of long-term running place-keeping costs (consequential costs) from the beginning, e. g. “whole-life -costing” approach: information on the maintenance and replacement costs over lifetime • Co-production from planning to maintaining

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Recommendations for Funding and Finance • Long-term management as an integral part of place-making processes • Transparency of public sector activities • Multiple stakeholder approach (“open space as a joint responsibility”) • Regulations for multiple funding

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Experience from the MP 4 pilots • Plans and agreements shall include long-term management from the beginning • Co-production of open spaces requires co-management and co-funding of PK • A mix of sources enhances the responsibilities of several stakeholders for place-keeping (“You take care of what you pay for”) • If budgets come from several sources, one loss might put the whole budget at risk

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Green Estate Sheffield / UK Business and Neighbourhood Improvement Districts Hamburg / Germany Emmen Revisited / Netherlands

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Place-keeping is not only about funding – but without secured funding there is no place-keeping! Open spaces need secure funding for long-term maintenance and management to safeguard their qualities and benefits - but regular public budgets are no longer sufficient. Beside multiple-funding from public sources private investments in open spaces "on top" of public activities are becoming more and more essential.

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK Key Questions • What kind of regulations and rules are necessary for mixed-funding from multiple stakeholders? • How can economic benefits of open spaces be used for the funding of place-keeping? • In the current climate are we able to deliver big bold visions or do we need to focus on more everyday basics?

Green Growth : New Shoots 10 th May 2012 – Sheffield UK