Greek Wars Persian Immortals Persian Wars n n

Greek Wars Persian Immortals

Persian Wars n n n Fought between Greece and Persian Empire Persians take over Ionian part of Greek territory, the colonists rebel and Athens sends help Darius invades Athens to punish them

Military n Greeks used phalanx ¡ Military formation n n most powerful could fight as a unit

Phalanx

Battle of Marathon n n Persians vow to destroy Athens Greeks use Phalanx to beat Persians (Spartans are nowhere to be found) Persians retreat NIKE!!!

Battle of Thermopylae n n Xerxes (Darius’ son) tries to destroy Greece with his “Immortals” Come to narrow pass with 7, 000 Greek soldiers and 300 Spartans

Battle of Thermopylae n n n Fought for days, until a traitor told Persians about secret path around cliffs Spartans held pass while other Greeks retreated Athens moved to an island just off the coast to prepare for battle and the Persians burned the city down

Persian Wars n n n Persians were then defeated at sea (Xerxes watched from a hill sitting on a golden throne while his army fell) Athens becomes the leader of the Delian League- a group of 140 citystates against Persia (own the sea) Sparta does NOT join (they form their own league-own the land)

Peloponnesian War n n n Athens vs. Sparta Athens-greater sea power Sparta-greater army

Peloponnesian War n Pericles- great hero and Athenian leader- wanted to avoid land battles with Sparta so came up with an idea…

Walls of Athens

Peloponnesian War n n Spartans march through Athenian territory burning their food supplies Athenians bring everyone in and close the doors to the city walls

Reasons for the Downfall of Greece n n n Plague hits Athens during Peloponnesian War, Pericles dies Peloponnesian War weakens Greece (27 year war) Macedonia becomes looming threat to the north