Greater Mekong Subregion GMS Snapshot Peoples Republic of
Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Snapshot People’s Republic of China Land area: ~631 thou sq km Population: ~92. 1 M (2010) Myanmar GDP per capita: ~US$4, 917(Guangxi) Land area: ~677 thou sq km and US$4, 034 (Yunnan) Population: 51. 1 M GDP per capita: ~US$1203. 5 (2015) Thailand Land area: ~513 thou sq km Viet Nam Land area: ~331 thou sq km Population: ~88. 8 M GDP per capita: ~US$2111. 14 Population: ~67. 0 M Lao PDR GDP per capita: ~US$6, 233 Land area: ~237 thou sq km The GMS in 2013 § Population of 334 million § GDP of about $2. 5 trillion (PPP, current US$) § Total exports of $411 billion § Total imports of $432 billion § Inward FDI flows near $150 billion Population: ~6. 5 M GDP per capita: ~US$1812. 3 Cambodia Land area: ~181 thou sq km Population: ~14. 7 M GDP per capita: ~US$1158. 7 1
Quick Facts about the GMS Ø Ø Ø Total population of 334 million in 2013 Total GDP of about $2. 5 trillion in 2013 (PPP, current US$) Total exports of $411 billion in 2013 Total imports of $432 billion in 2013 Inward FDI flows near $150 billion in 2013 Ø More than $17 billion in investment projects under the GMS Program since 1992.
Sector and Multisector Priorities GMS Strategic Framework (2012 -2022) Implementation Vision Corridor Development Transport Linkages (Roads and Railways) Energy and Power Market Integration Tourism (Mekong as single destination) Agriculture (Competitive, Climate-friendly and sustainable ICT Linkages and Applications Environmental Performance (Enhanced) HRD initiatives (facilitate process of GMS integration and address negative consequences) • Resource Mobilization • Knowledge Platform • Capacity Building • Stakeholders Engagement • Monitoring & Evaluation More Integrated Prosperous and Equitable Subregion • Sector Forums • Working Groups • Strategic Alliances and Partnerships • External Partners 3
GMS Economic Cooperation Program Institutional Structure GMS Summit (every 3 years) Ministerial-level Conference (annually) ADB GMS Secretariat National Coordinating Committee in Each Country Senior Officials’ Meeting Forums/Working Groups in Priority Sectors
GMS Economic Cooperation Program • GMS projects: Nearly 70 investment projects implemented across multiple sectors since 1992. Of the $17 billion in project costs, about one-third financed by ADB, one-third financed by development partners, and one-third financed by GMS countries. • Program Sectors: – Transportation – Transport and Trade Facilitation – Energy – Agriculture – Environment – Human Resource Development – Urban Development – Tourism – Information and Communications Technology – Other Multi-Sector Programs (ex. economic corridor development)
PART 3: CONCEPTS, CASES AND APPLICATIONS 1. Concepts and tools - E-commerce is good for development, especially cross-border e-commere - Asia’s B 2 C E-commerce sale grows with high rate - Immerging Third Party platform to facilitate Trade on E-commerce - Digital Trade now is the trend of the global, and Asia countries should research, apply new technology to catch up with developed countries -- Asian countries should take advantage of crossborder e-commerce especially for MSMEs
PART 3: CONCEPTS, CASES AND APPLICATIONS 2. Case study - Weak Legal framework on e-commerce/online transaction - Lack of policies/specific program to reduce the urban-rural digital divide - Poor ICT infrastructure - Lack of logistic support and information on Ecommerce - Payment concerns - Cyber security, data privacy, risk management issues
PART 3: CONCEPTS, CASES AND APPLICATIONS 3. Solutions - Building trust on E-commerce by delivery goods on time quality and standard. -Improving/Promoting the fulfillment service/e-logistic - E-payment infrastructure/raising awareness population on e-payment - Improve ICT infrastructure - Government must be enforce/promulgate regulation and law on E-commerce.
PART 4: CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE BENEFITS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR COOPERATION Expand export/import markets Higher Productivity Increase market efficiencies Greater consumer choice Job creation Facilitate international trade and help MSMEs to participate in global trade Reduce the production/transaction/logistics cost Easy and convenient for businesses and consumers 9
PART 5: CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE COOPERATION CHALLENGES AND CONSTRAINS • • • • Shopping culture Slow and expansive internet Logistics/Geopolitical/fulfillment service status Trust in the Web E-Payment system Low credit card usages: reliance on cash Weak legal and regulatory frameworks related to ecommerce/online transactions, cybercrime Lack of knowledge and awareness on e-commerce Budget limitation Harmonized system Customs monitoring: Complicated border clearance procedures Risk management Taxation losses Financial Monitoring Poor ICT infrastructure
PART 6: CROSS-BORDER E-COMMERCE FRAMEWORK FOR COOPERATION AND ACTION AGENDA 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Capacity building for MSMEs: Enhance capacity building to grow participation of MSMEs in crossborder e-commerce Cross-border data privacy and secure information flow: Strengthen cross border data privacy protection and Promote secure information flows Trade facilitation: strengthen paperless trade and further simplify payments, documents, clearance and returns for e-commerce shipments Address emerging and cross-cutting issues in cross border e-commerce Regional recognition and coherence: Promoting coherence and aligning e-commerce related regulations in the region in business friendly manner to minimize barriers and restrictions to cross-border ecommerce 11
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION 12
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