Great Plains Manifest Destiny LaissezFaire Free Enterprise System

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Great Plains Manifest Destiny Laissez-Faire Free Enterprise System Deficit Monopoly

Great Plains Manifest Destiny Laissez-Faire Free Enterprise System Deficit Monopoly

Tenement Political Machine Civil Service Sweatshop Immigrant White Man’s Burden

Tenement Political Machine Civil Service Sweatshop Immigrant White Man’s Burden

Isolationism Imperialism Dollar Diplomacy Foreign Policy Yellow Journalism Muckraker

Isolationism Imperialism Dollar Diplomacy Foreign Policy Yellow Journalism Muckraker

Initiative Referendum Recall Conservation Draft Fourteen Points

Initiative Referendum Recall Conservation Draft Fourteen Points

League of Nations Ratify Inflation Overproduction Under consumption Recession

League of Nations Ratify Inflation Overproduction Under consumption Recession

Speculation Buying on Margin Deflation Neutrality Appeasement Fascism

Speculation Buying on Margin Deflation Neutrality Appeasement Fascism

Genocide Rationing Totalitarianism House Un-American Activities Committee United Nations Iron Curtain

Genocide Rationing Totalitarianism House Un-American Activities Committee United Nations Iron Curtain

Containment 38 th Parallel Communism Red Scare Blacklist Brinkmanship

Containment 38 th Parallel Communism Red Scare Blacklist Brinkmanship

Peace Corp Domino Theory Hawk Dove Vietcong Counterculture

Peace Corp Domino Theory Hawk Dove Vietcong Counterculture

NASA Medicare Segregation Integration Civil Disobedience Reverse Discrimination

NASA Medicare Segregation Integration Civil Disobedience Reverse Discrimination

Affirmative Action Realpolitik Religious Right Reagonomics Sunbelt Supply Side Economics

Affirmative Action Realpolitik Religious Right Reagonomics Sunbelt Supply Side Economics

1869 First Transcontinental Railroad 1892 Ellis Island American Federation of Labor Great Plains Wounded

1869 First Transcontinental Railroad 1892 Ellis Island American Federation of Labor Great Plains Wounded Knee Niagara Movement

Panama Canal USS Maine Great Migration Scopes Monkey Trial Harlem Renaissance Prohibition

Panama Canal USS Maine Great Migration Scopes Monkey Trial Harlem Renaissance Prohibition

Dust Bowl New Deal Programs Black Cabinet Pearl Harbor Island-Hopping D-Day

Dust Bowl New Deal Programs Black Cabinet Pearl Harbor Island-Hopping D-Day

Operation Overlord Holocaust Manhattan Project Little Boy and Fat Boy Election of 1848 Cold

Operation Overlord Holocaust Manhattan Project Little Boy and Fat Boy Election of 1848 Cold War

Berlin Airlift U-2 Incident Bay of Pigs Mc. Carthyism Dien Bien Phu 1961 Berlin

Berlin Airlift U-2 Incident Bay of Pigs Mc. Carthyism Dien Bien Phu 1961 Berlin Wall

1962 Cuban Missile Crisis 1963 March on Washington Great Society Tet Offensive Pentagon Papers

1962 Cuban Missile Crisis 1963 March on Washington Great Society Tet Offensive Pentagon Papers Vietnamization

Kent State National Organization for Women 1979 Iran Hostage Situation 1991 Desert Storm Rutherford

Kent State National Organization for Women 1979 Iran Hostage Situation 1991 Desert Storm Rutherford B. Hayes (1877 -81) Compromise of 1877 Ended Reconstruction James A. Garfield (1881) Assassinated

Chester A. Arthur (1881 -1885) Established Time Zones Civil Service Act Grover Cleveland (1885

Chester A. Arthur (1881 -1885) Established Time Zones Civil Service Act Grover Cleveland (1885 -1889) Dawes Act Benjamin Harrison (1889 -93) Sherman Antitrust Act Grover Cleveland (1893 -1897) Plessy v. Ferguson William Mc. Kinley (1897 -1901) Spanish American War Assassinated Theodore Roosevelt (1901 -1909) Panama Canal Gunboat/”Big Stick” Diplomacy

William H. Taft (1909 -1913) Dollar Diplomacy Woodrow Wilson (1913 -1921) Moral Diplomacy World

William H. Taft (1909 -1913) Dollar Diplomacy Woodrow Wilson (1913 -1921) Moral Diplomacy World War I Fourteen Points Warren G. Harding (1921 -1923) Washington Conference Tea Pot Dome Scandal Calvin Coolidge (1923 -1929) High Tariffs Laissez-faire Herbert Hoover (1929 -1933) Stock Market Crash Blamed for Great Depression Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933 -1945) New Deal, Fireside Chats WWII, Packed Supreme Court Ended Great Depression

Harry S. Truman (1945 -1953) End of World War II Dropping of First Atomic

Harry S. Truman (1945 -1953) End of World War II Dropping of First Atomic Bomb Dwight D. Eisenhower (1953 -1960) Korean War, Space Age Interstate Highway Act Bus Boycott, Central High John F. Kennedy Lyndon B. Johnson (1960 -1963) (1963 -1969) New Frontier, Bay of Pigs Escalated Vietnam War Berlin Wall, Cuban Missile Crisis Great Society, Civil Rights Acts Assassinated Voting Rights Acts Richard Nixon (1969 -1974) Ended Vietnam War, SALT I Opened Communist China Watergate Scandal, Resigned Gerald Ford (1974 -1977) Pardoned Nixon, Stagflation Bicentennial Celebration

Jimmy Carter (1977 -1981) Camp David Accords Iran Hostage Crisis Ronald Reagan (1981 -1989)

Jimmy Carter (1977 -1981) Camp David Accords Iran Hostage Crisis Ronald Reagan (1981 -1989) Iran Contra Affair, Conservatism Deregulation, Supply-Side George Bush (1989 -1992) Gulf War (Desert Storm) William Clinton (1992 -2000) Balanced Budget Crisis Management Impeached George W. Bush (2001 - ) September 11, 2001 Terrorism 1872 Credit Mobilier

1924 Teapot Dome Scandal 1972 -74 Watergate 1986 Iran-Contra Affair 1862 Homestead Act Explosion

1924 Teapot Dome Scandal 1972 -74 Watergate 1986 Iran-Contra Affair 1862 Homestead Act Explosion of settlement 1887 1883 Interstate Commerce Act Civil Service Reform Act Reasonable and Just Rates Established Examinations for Railroad for Service

1887 Dawes Act Broke up Native American Reservations 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act Attempted to

1887 Dawes Act Broke up Native American Reservations 1890 Sherman Antitrust Act Attempted to breakup monopolies 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act 1 st steps toward banning badly prepared foods and drugs 1914 Clayton Antitrust Act Spelled out in clear terms what corporations could and could not do; Strengthened previous law 1916 1917 Keating-Owen Child Labor Act Selective Service Act Prevented goods produced by Required men between 21 and children from crossing state lines 30 to sign up for military service

1916 National Parks Service Act Created parks and park management WWI Sedition Act Prohibited

1916 National Parks Service Act Created parks and park management WWI Sedition Act Prohibited speech disloyal to the government, flag, Constitution, or armed forces WWI 1921 Espionage Act Johnson-Reed Act Punished anyone found guilty of Tightened immigration especially helping the enemy from NW Europe 1934 Indian Re-organization Act Halted Reservations; Returned government to tribes 1933 Glass-Steagall Banking Act Created Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation

1935 Social Security Act National Labor Relations Act Protected old age pensions, Wagner Act

1935 Social Security Act National Labor Relations Act Protected old age pensions, Wagner Act – reaffirmed the right unemployed, disabled workers of labor to organize 1944 1941 GI Bill of Rights Lend-lease Act Bought books, paid tuition, and Allowed President to lend, sell or provided living expenses for lease war materials veterans 1947 1964 Taft Hartley Act Civil Rights Act of 1964 Outlawed closed shops, allow Illegal for employers to deny a union shops, weakened power of job on the basis of race, sex or labor unions religion

1965 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Outlawed literacy tests and other discriminatory election devices

1965 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Outlawed literacy tests and other discriminatory election devices 1968 Civil Rights Act of 1968 Prohibited discrimination in housing 1970 Environmental Protection Agency Enforced laws on water & air pollution, toxic wastes, pesticides and radiation 1972 Equal Rights Amendment Aimed to strengthen women as wage earners and property owners (failed by 3 votes) 1973 War Powers Act Requires President to inform Congress within 2 days of any use of American troops 1978 National Energy Act Relaxation of controls of price of natural gas; benefited people saving energy

1985 Gramm Rudman Holliings Act Provided for automatic reductions in the deficit over a

1985 Gramm Rudman Holliings Act Provided for automatic reductions in the deficit over a several year period 1877 Reconstruction Ends Compromise of 1877 1890 Indian Wars End Battle of Wounded Knee 1898 Spanish American War USS Maine Declared war on Spain 1919 1914 -1918 Versailles Treaty World War I Ended WWI, broke up large Allied Powers v. Central Powers empires; charged Germany war Allied Power Won reparations

1900 -1918 Progressive Era Strived to reform society, politics, and the economy; concentrated in

1900 -1918 Progressive Era Strived to reform society, politics, and the economy; concentrated in urban industrial areas 1919 -1920 Red Scare Fear that the rise of the Bolsheviks in the Soviet Union threatened the U. S. ; immigrants deported 1919 -1933 Prohibition Outlawed alcoholic beverages at the national level, crime increased 1929 -1939 The Great Depression Stock Market Crash of 1929 Over-production, buying on margin and high tariffs 1939 -1945 World War II Allied Powers v. Axis Powers Deadliest war in history 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor Surprise attack by Japanese; caused U. S. to enter WWII

1951 -1953 Korean War Police Action Communist N. Korea vs. S. Korea; Macarthur led

1951 -1953 Korean War Police Action Communist N. Korea vs. S. Korea; Macarthur led forces 1957 Sputnik First space satellite, Soviet; Started the space race 1964 Civil Right Act First significant legislation guarding civil rights since Reconstruction ended 1969 Man on the Moon American astronauts landed on the moon 1973 End of War in Vietnam Longest military engagement and first defeat of United States 1947 -1989 Cold War of diplomacy between US and USSR; ended with breakup of Soviet Union

1989 -1990 Collapse of Communism in Europe Berlin Wall comes down and Communist satellite

1989 -1990 Collapse of Communism in Europe Berlin Wall comes down and Communist satellite nations pull away from USSR September 11, 2001 Terrorist Acts against the United States by Al Qaeda; led by Osama Bin Ladin 2000 civilians die 13 th Amendment Abolished Slavery 14 th Amendment Civil Rights Guaranteed Due Process 15 th Amendment Voting Rights shall not be denied on the basis of race, color, or previous condition of servitude 16 th Amendment Established Income Tax

17 th Amendment Direct Election of Senators 18 th Amendment Prohibition of Alcohol Volstead

17 th Amendment Direct Election of Senators 18 th Amendment Prohibition of Alcohol Volstead Act Amendment Gave Women the Right to Vote 20 th Amendment Terms of office and Presidential Succession 21 st Amendment Repeal of Prohibition 22 nd Amendment Limits Presidential Terms 19 th

23 rd Amendment Voting in District of Columbia 24 th Amendment Poll Tax Illegal

23 rd Amendment Voting in District of Columbia 24 th Amendment Poll Tax Illegal 25 th Amendment Filling Vacancies in the Presidency 26 th Amendment Voting Age Lowered to 18 27 th Amendment Congressional Pay 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson Segregation allowed if equal facilities provided

1954 Brown v. Board of Education Declared racial segregation in public education was unconstitutional

1954 Brown v. Board of Education Declared racial segregation in public education was unconstitutional 1908 Miller v. Oregon Limited the employment of women in hazardous industries 1964 1962 Reynolds v. Sims Baker V. Carr All state and local legislative Upheld principle of “one person, bodies had to be apportioned as one vote” “one man, one vote” 1963 Gideon v. Wainwright Required states courts to provide a lawyer in criminal cases to anyone who cannot afford one 1964 Escobedo v. Illinois An accused person has a right to have a lawyer present when being questioned by police

1966 Miranda v. Arizona Police must inform suspects of their legal rights at the

1966 Miranda v. Arizona Police must inform suspects of their legal rights at the time of arrest 1978 Regents of the University of California v. Bakke Reverse discrimination would be decided on case-by-case basis “The advance of the frontier has meant…a steady growth of “The growth of a large business independence on American is merely a survival of the fittest. ” lives. ” John D. Rockefeller Frederick Jackson Turner “You furnish the pictures and I’ll furnish the war. ” William Randolph Hearst “Speak softly and carry a big stick. ” Theodore Roosevelt

“I am going to make dirt fly. ” Theodore Roosevelt about the Panama Canal

“I am going to make dirt fly. ” Theodore Roosevelt about the Panama Canal “You shall not press down upon the brow of labor this crown of thorns, you shall not crucify mankind upon a cross of gold. ” William Jennings Bryan “Expose all fraud and sham, fight “The world must be made safe all public evils and abuses. ” for democracy. ” Joseph Pulitzer Woodrow Wilson “The business of America is business. ” Calvin Coolidge “A chicken in every pot and two cars in every garage. ” Herbert Hoover (election of 1928)

“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. ” Franklin Roosevelt (inauguration

“The only thing we have to fear is fear itself. ” Franklin Roosevelt (inauguration 1933) “I pledge to you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people. ” Franklin Roosevelt (campaign speech, 1932) “Never was so much owed by so “Yesterday, December 7, 1941 – is a date which will live in many to so few. ” infamy. ” Winston Churchill Franklin Roosevelt (Pearl (Battle of Britain) Harbor) The U. S. should support “free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or outside pressures. ” Harry S. Truman “The buck stops here. ” Harry S. Truman

“You have a row of dominoes set “Are you now, or have you ever

“You have a row of dominoes set “Are you now, or have you ever up, you know over the first one, been a member of the and…the last one…will go over Communist Party? ” very quickly. ” HUAC, Joseph Mc. Carthy Dwight D. Eisenhower “Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last? ” Attorney Joseph to Joseph Mc. Carthy “We will bury you. ” Nikita Khrushchev “Ich ben ein berliner. ” John F. Kennedy “From Stalingrad in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent. ” Winston Churchill

“In war there is no substitute for victory. ” Douglas Macarthur “That’s one small

“In war there is no substitute for victory. ” Douglas Macarthur “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind. ” Neil Armstrong Stepping on the Moon “We will pursue nations that provide aid or safe haven to terrorism. Every nation in every region now has a decision to make. Either you are with us, or you are with the terrorists. ” George W. Bush “One of the greatest glories of democracy is the right to protest for right. ” Martin Luther King, Jr. “I say segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever. ” George Wallace (1963) “I have a dream today”…. that people will “not be judge by the color of their skin buy by the content of their character. ” Martin Luther King, Jr.

“I am convinced that the truest “What we’re going to start saying act of

“I am convinced that the truest “What we’re going to start saying act of courage…is to sacrifice now is black power. ” ourselves for other in a totally nonviolent struggle for justice. ” Stokely Carmichael (1966) Cesar Chavez “The Great Society demands an “The was “light at the end of the end to poverty and racial tunnel. ” injustice. ” General Westmoreland Lyndon B. Johnson “Peace with honor. ” Richard M. Nixon “Peace is at hand. ” Henry Kissinger (1972)

“What is good for our country is good for General Motors and vice versa.

“What is good for our country is good for General Motors and vice versa. ” Charles E. Wilson “I am not a crook. ” Richard M. Nixon “I’m a Ford, not a Lincoln. ” Gerald R. Ford “I thought it was a neat idea. ” Oliver North (Iran Contra Affair) “Are you better off now than you were four years ago? ” Ronald Reagan 1898 Treaty of Paris Ended Spanish American War Gave U. S. an empire

1902 Platt Amendment U. S. right to intervene in Cuban Affairs and leave Guantanamo

1902 Platt Amendment U. S. right to intervene in Cuban Affairs and leave Guantanamo 1904 Roosevelt Corollary Extension of the Monroe Doctrine Right to protect Western Hemisphere 1903 Panama Canal Treaty U. S. agreed to pay Panama for 10 miles strip of land for canal 1978 Panama Canal Treaty Gradual turnover of Panama Canal to Panama; canal must stay neutral and open to all nations 1947 Marshall Plan Truman Doctrine Aid program to help European nations U. S. will defend free people from recover from World War II and stop being taken over by communists Communist expansion

1948 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Mutual defense treaty between nations of western and northern

1948 North Atlantic Treaty Organization Mutual defense treaty between nations of western and northern Europe, Canada, Iceland, and the U. S. to defend Europe from USSR 1955 Warsaw Pact Mutual defense alliance between USSR and communist nations of Eastern Europe 1963 Nuclear Test Ban Treaty U. S. and USSR Barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution Authorize LBJ to increase American military involvement in Vietnam 1969 1978 Strategic Arms Limitation Talks Camp David Accords (SALT) Peace agreement between Egypt U. S. and USSR agreed to limit and Israel negotiated with help of production of nuclear weapons President Carter

1993 North American Free Trade Agreement Lowered tariffs and brought Mexico into the free

1993 North American Free Trade Agreement Lowered tariffs and brought Mexico into the free trade zone with U. S. and Canada Andrew Carnegie Revolutionized and monopolized steel industry in late 19 th century John D. Rockefeller Standard Oil Company Industrialist who monopolized the oil industry in the U. S. Thomas Nast Famous political cartoonist responsible for arrest of Boss Tweed of Tammany Hall in late 1800’s Samuel Gompers First President of the American Federation of Labor Theodore Roosevelt Rough Riders Founded Bull Moose Party

Susan B. Anthony Founded of the National Women’s Suffrage Association Worked for voting rights

Susan B. Anthony Founded of the National Women’s Suffrage Association Worked for voting rights for women Eugene V. Debs Labor Leader Socialist Party presidential candidate five times Robert La. Follette Henry Ford Led the Progressive Party Made mass production of cars Favored breakup of monopolies, possible through the use of the assembly line farm relief W. E. B. Du. Bois Alfred T. Mahan American civil rights leader, writer and scholar; one of Influenced build up of U. S. Navy the founders of NAACP

Upton Sinclair John Pershing Muckraker Led the Tenth Negro Cavalry in Author of The

Upton Sinclair John Pershing Muckraker Led the Tenth Negro Cavalry in Author of The Jungle; influenced the Spanish American war and passage of Pure Food and Drug American Expeditionary Forces in World War I Act Archduke Franz Ferdinand Henry Cabot Lodge Heir to throne in Austria-Hungary Wanted trade expansion during imperialism period Assassination triggered Opposed League of Nations World War I Clarence Darrow Famous criminal lawyer who defended John Scopes for the teaching of evolution Williams Jennings Bryan Politician who supported the ordinary person; opposed teaching of evolution in Scopes trial

Sacco and Vanzetti Charles Lindbergh Two Italian immigrants tried and convicted for murder because

Sacco and Vanzetti Charles Lindbergh Two Italian immigrants tried and convicted for murder because Pilot who made the first non-stop they were immigrants and solo flight between NYC and anarchists (less on evidence) Paris John Steinbeck American Author of The Grapes of Wrath Story about The Great Depression and the Dust Bowl Benito Mussolini Founded fascism Dictator of Italy and leader of Axis powers in World War Ii Adolf Hitler Nazi dictator of Germany who ordered the mass murder of millions of Jews Joseph Stalin Communist dictator of Soviet Union who ruled by terror U. S. ally in World War II

Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II One of “Big

Winston Churchill Prime Minister of Great Britain during World War II One of “Big Three” Chester Nimitz Texan, Admiral in World War II Developed Island-hopping strategy that helped win war in the Pacific Douglas Macarthur Dwight Eisenhower Led attack to regain the Overall commander of Allied Philippines and led occupation Forces in Europe during World force in Japan; led U. S. forces in War II; Directed D-Day Invasion Korean War George Patton Controversial Tank General Led forces in North Africa and assisted with Battle of the Bulge George Marshall Created plan to rebuild Europe after World War II

Omar Bradley Jonas Salk Commanded U. S. forces in World War II in the

Omar Bradley Jonas Salk Commanded U. S. forces in World War II in the D-Day Developed vaccines for influenza invasion; First Chairman of the and polio in 1950’s Joint Chiefs of Staff Fidel Castro Leader of Communist Cuba Opposed JFK in Bay of Pigs and Cuban Missile Crisis Georgia O’Keefe American Expressionist Paintings of flowers and Southwest desert Joseph Mc. Carthy Senator from 1946 -1957 Accused many of being Communist with no proof; ruined careers and reputations George Wallace Segregationist Governor of Alabama Third party candidate for President in 1968

Rosa Parks African-American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus;

Rosa Parks African-American woman who refused to give up her seat on a bus; led to the Montgomery bus boycott and beginning of Civil Rights Movement Martin Luther King, Jr. Prominent civil rights leader Preached nonviolent civil disobedience “I have a dream. ” Malcolm X Stokley Carmichael African-American spokesman of African-American who coined the Black Muslims term “Black Power” Wanted Black separatism Advocated violence to achieve rights Assassinated Cesar Chavez Mexican-American Labor Leader Founded the United Farm Workers Used boycotts frequently Neil Armstrong First man to walk on the moon

Shirley Chisholm Thurgood Marshall First African-American woman First African-American Supreme elected to Congress and

Shirley Chisholm Thurgood Marshall First African-American woman First African-American Supreme elected to Congress and first to Court Justice run for President H. Ross Perot Texas Third Party candidate for President Opposed NAFTA Sandra Day O’Conner First Woman Supreme Court Justice in 1981