GRAMMAR VERBS ACTION VERBS ACTION VERBA PHYSICAL OR

GRAMMAR VERBS

ACTION VERBS • ACTION VERB-A PHYSICAL OR MENTAL ACTION. • EX: MY SISTER PLAYS CHESS. SHE LIKES PLAYING.

MAIN VERBS AND AUXILIARIES • VERB PHRASE – VERB THAT IS MADE UP OF MORE THAN ONE WORD • MAIN VERB-THE MAIN ACTION OR STATE OF BEING IN A SENTENCE • AUXILIARY VERBS – ALSO CALLED HELPING VERBS Common Auxiliary Verbs • THE DOOR HAD BEEN LOCKED. am were do has must might is be does had will would are being did can shall should was been have may could

MAIN VERBS AND AUXILIARIES • IN QUESTIONS, THE MAIN VERB AND ITS AUXILIARIES MAY BE SEPARATED BY THE SUBJECT (WHO) OF THE SENTENCE. • SHOULD WE LEAVE NOW? • WILL THE SHOW START EARLY? • WHO WOULD LIKE A TICKET? • SOMETIMES THE AUXILIARY VERB IN ONE SENTENCE IS THE MAIN VERB IN ANOTHER SENTENCE. Verb did has Main Verb I did my homework. Bob has it. Auxiliary Verb I did wait for you. Bob has taken it.

BEING AND LINKING VERBS • SOME VERBS DO NOT SHOW ACTION. THEY SHOW WHAT THE SUBJECT IS OR IS LIKE. • BEING VERBS – SHOW A STATE OF BEING. • EX. MR. WALTON IS THE PRINCIPAL. • A BEING VERB IS OFTEN A LINKING VERB. IT LINKS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE WITH A WORD IN THE PREDICATE THAT TELLS MORE ABOUT IT. • THIS NEWSPAPER FEELS DAMP. (NEWSPAPER = SUBJECT) • PREDICATE NOUN- RENAMES OR IDENTIFIES THE SUBJECT • EX. HE HAS BECOME MY FRIEND. (HE = FRIEND) • PREDICATE ADJECTIVE – DESCRIBES THE SUBJECT • THE DOG WAS FRIENDLY.

VERB TENSES • THE TENSE OF THE VERB TELL WHEN THE ACTION OR THE STATE OF BEING TAKES PLACE. • “TENSE” COMES FROM THE LATIN WORD FOR TIME. • PRESENT TENSE – SOMETHING IS HAPPENING NOW • EX. THE DANCERS PERFORM OUTDOORS. • PAST TENSE – SOMETHING THAT HAS ALREADY HAPPENED. THE PAST TENSE OF A VERB IS USUALLY FORMED BY ADDING –ED. THE PAST TENSE OF THE VERB BE IS WAS OR WERE. • EX. WE STAYED UNTIL THE END. • FUTURE TENSE – SOMETHING THAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN. IT IS USUALLY FORMED WITH THE HELPING

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT • A SUBJECT AND ITS VERB MUST AGREE IN NUMBER. • SINGULAR SUBJECTS TAKE SINGULAR VERBS IN THE PRESENT TENSE USUALLY END IN S OR ES. • EX. THE BOY CALLS. • PLURAL SUBJECTS TAKE PLURAL VERBS IN THE PRESENT TENSE DO NOT USUALLY END IN S. • EX. THE BOYS CALL. • A COMPOUND SUBJECT JOINED BY AND TAKES A PLURAL VERB. • EX. THE CAT AND DOG RUN. • WHEN THE SINGULAR SUBJECT IS I OR YOU, THE SINGULAR VERB DOES NOT END IN S OR ES.

SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT • THE VERB BE DOES NOT FOLLOW THE USUAL RULES. Agreement with the verb be Subject Verb Sentence I Am (present) Was (past) I am well today. I was sick yesterday. He, she, it, and all singular nouns Is (present) Was (past) It is raining now. She was hungry. We, you, they, and all plural nouns Are (present) Were (past) We are cousins. They were teammates.