Grammar Verbing not doing not being done not

Grammar Verb-ing

语态 主动语态 时态 一般式 (not) doing 被动语态 (not) being done (not) 完成式 (not) having done having been done

A sleeping car = a car for sleeping 2) -ing形式表示 “. . . 的” 意思, 过去叫 现在分词 A sleeping child =a child who is sleeping working people the rising sun

-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所 修饰的名词之后, 相当于一个定语从句。 如: They are visitors coming from several countries. The boy standing there is a classmate of mine.

1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. ( 伴随动作) 2) Being poor, he couldn’t afford a TV set. (原因)

3) Working hard, you’ll surely succeed. 条件 4) The boy sat in front of the farmhouse, cutting the branch. 伴随 5) He came running back to tell me the news. 方式

6) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. (时间, 可以在分词前保留when ) 7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 结果

短语和从句之间的转化 You see her step back appearing surprised. = You see her step back and she appears surprised.

They also express their feelings using unspoken language. =They also express their feelings by the way of using unspoken language. His nose touched Mr. Cook’s moving hand. =His nose touched Mr. Cook’s hand which is moving.

They are visitors coming from several countries. = They are visitors who come from several countries. This is an exciting experience. = This is an experience which is exciting.

Rewrite the following sentences. 1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. ______ When ______ approaching Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. 2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _____ songs translating___ the______can speak seven languages.

3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy ____ who __ is ____ standing there is reading a book about body language. 4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _______ from Jordan, he moves close Coming to ask you a question.

5. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk ______ doing ____ her _____. homework

Using structures hold… in arms, cry, appear sad The woman holds her son in arms, crying and appearing very sad. The woman cries loudly, holding her son in arms.

box, hit on the face , move, steps The two boxing men try to hit the other on the face, moving their steps carefully.

单句改错 1. Having not seen the film, I can’t tell you what I think of it. Not having 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. working 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. Seeing 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too. speaking

5. “ Can’t you read? ” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. pointing 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. Knock 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. making

Choose the best answer. 1. The stranger said something in a _______ voice and the little girl was very much ____ A. frightening, frightened B. frightened, frightening C. frightening, frightening D. frightened, frightened

2. ____the piano, someone suddenly knocked at the door. A. Playing B. When I was playing C. Repairing D. Examining

3. Mother caught the boy ______ in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. being smoked D. smoking

4. ______ the programme, they have to stay there for another 2 weeks. . A. Not completing B. Not completed C. Not having completed D. Having not completed

5. “We can’t go out in this weather”, said Bob, ____ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 6. Though _____ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in

7. The bell _______ the end of the period rang, ______ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted

8. _______ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered

9. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting

10. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _____ the girl and took her away, ____ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing

11. ______in the queue for half an hour. Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 12. The picture _____ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. Having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung

13. Generally speaking, ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken

1. Look at these pictures. Guess what may happen in the listening passage. 2. Listen to the tape. Arrange the pictures in a correct order. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)

Here are two situations. For each situation, prepare a role play with your partner. Use both spoken words and body language to express your ideas.

Situation 1 • You fall and hurt your foot while you are hiking on a lonely path. You need help, and you see someone in the distance. • You: Help! …Please come here. (waving hands) • Person: What do you want? I can’t hear you! (hand behind ear) • …

Situation 2 • You are visiting a city in Australia and need to buy some tea and oranges. You only know a little English and want to know where you can get them and how much they cost. • You: Can you help me please? I need some tea & some oranges. (smiling & leaning forward) • Shopkeeper: No problem…

Unit 4 Body language Writing

Pairwork: Make a list of body language expressions showing both positive and negative feelings. Smiling Closing your hand shaking it at someone Positive Negative Body Language Nodding Looking toward someone Holding your arms Rolling your eyes across your and turning your chest head away

Writing task: Work with your partner. Discuss Lin Pei’s behaviour. Think about the prolems she might have and write them down. Describe her “body language” or the behaviour that shows how she feels. Then report to the class. S 1: I think that there is something wrong with Lin Pei. When I saw her today she turned away from me and wuld not speak. S 2: Yes, when I saw her in the class, she…

Assignment: • Write a composition in which you discuss the different kinds of body language you have seen and heard about. You may discuss the kinds you find unusual, funny or difficult to understand, and why you think we should learn more about body language in different culture.