GRAMMAR Unit 1 Nouns Pronouns and Adjectives KINDS

GRAMMAR: Unit 1 Nouns, Pronouns, and Adjectives

KINDS OF NOUNS

• A NOUN IS A WORD THAT NAMES A PERSON, PLACE, THING, OR IDEA.

• A common noun is a general name for a person, place, thing, or idea. • They are generally not capitalized.

• A proper noun is a specific name for a person, place, thing, or idea. • They are generally capitalized.

• A concrete noun names a thing that can be seen, heard, smelled, touched, or tasted.

• An abstract noun names an idea, feeling, quantity, or characteristic.

• A collective noun is a word that names a group of people or things.

Practice & Apply Directions: In each of the following sentences identify the noun.

1. Cook Forest in Pennsylvania is filled with hemlock trees. A) common B) proper

2. Cook Forest in Pennsylvania is filled with hemlock trees. A) common B) proper

3. Chad eats a bowl of cereal every morning. A) common B) proper

4. Success is very important to Shelley. A)Concrete B)Abstract C)Collective

5. Many immigrants came to this country seeking freedom. A)Concrete B)Abstract C)Collective

6. The class handed in their assignments at the bell. A)Concrete B)Abstract C)Collective

Pronouns

Pronouns • A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun or another pronoun. • Common pronouns are: I, you, he, she, it, we, they, me, him, her, us, them, my, mine, your, their

Practice and Apply • Decide the correct pronoun form to complete each sentence.

1. The diamond detectives were Carla and (I, me). 2. According to legend the huge diamond has had many owners, and (they, them) all came to a bad end. 3. Jean Baptiste Tavernier brought the original blue diamond from India; the first owner to die was (him, he) 4. (He, Him) is said to have been killed in India by wild dogs.

Practice and Apply • Decide the correct pronoun form to complete each sentence.

1. King Tutankhamen was only about nine years old when the priests crowned (he, him) pharaoh. 2. (He, Him) and his wife were not in power long before the young pharaoh died. 3. (I, Me) saw a video showing x-ray pictures of Tut’s skull. 4. (They, Them) revealed that someone had struck Tut on the back of the head.

Practice and Apply • Decide the correct pronoun form to complete each sentence.

1. Imagine (your, you’re) visiting a museum in Urumqui, in the desert of northwest China. 2. In one room, you find remarkable mummies in (their, they’re) cases. 3. The leggings, shirts, and cloaks on the mummies look as colorful as (your, you’re) clothes today. 4. This experience really happened to Professor Mair and his tour group on (their, they’re) trip to China in 1987.

Pronoun Agreement • The antecedent is the noun or pronoun that a pronoun refers to. • Agreement in number- singular or plural • Agreement in Person- 1 st, 2 nd, or 3 rd • Agreement in Gender

Pronoun Problems • Use we when the pronoun is a subject or a predicate pronoun. • Use us when the pronoun is an object.

Practice and Apply • Choose the correct pronoun in parenthesis.

1. Cats baffle (us, we) owners by the things they do. 2. They often rub themselves against (us, we) humans. 3. My two cats, Pickles and Bert do this. Surprisingly, (he, Bert) does this even with strangers.

• An Antecedent is the word that the pronoun refers to. The dog ate food from its bowl. a. dog ate b. dog food c. its bowl d. its dog

• It’s is the pronoun and dog is what it is referring to. The dog ate food from its bowl. D. its dog

Lesson 4 Indefinite Pronouns

Singular Indefinite Pronouns another anybody anyone anything each one somebody someone something

Singular Indefinite Pronouns everybody everyone everything either nobody no one nothing neither

Plural Indefinite Pronouns both few many several

Singular or Plural Indefinite Pronouns all any most none some

Adjectives

Adjectives Describe nouns and pronouns. Answer: What kind? Which one? How many? How much?

Article Adjectives • Article adjectives: a, an, the • And is not an article adjective; it is a conjunction.

The bright green frog jumps into the cold dark air. a. the, bright, green, b. the, dark, cold c. the, the d. the, green, the, cold, dark

Adjectives • D • The bright green frog jumps into the cold dark air.

Pronouns Used As Adjectives • This, that, these, those, my, our, your, her, his, its, there, all, each, both, few, most, and some can be used as adjectives.

That smart dog will actually fetch the morning newspaper. a. smart b. that c. morning d. actually

B. that

Nouns Used As Adjectives • Many nouns can be used as adjectives to modify nouns or pronouns to make their meanings more specific.

The Dalmatian puppy won first place in the dog show. a. first b. puppy c. dog d. Dalmatian

C. Dalmatian & D. dog