Grammar Subjunctive Mood Q Whats the difference between
Grammar Subjunctive Mood
Q: What’s the difference between the two sentences? If I am free, I will visit you. (真实条件句） If I were a bird, I would fly into the sky. （虚拟条件句）
一、一般条件句中的虚拟语气 时 间 过去 If 条件句 had done did / were 现在 主 句 would should could might would should (助动词 be用 were could 实义动词 do 用 did) might did / were 将来 should do were to do +have done sth + do sth would should + do sth could Might
What would you do if you won the lottery? If I won the lottery, I would…
If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car. (与现在事实相反）
If I won the lottery, I would buy a villa. （与现在事实相反）
如果他早起，他就不会上学迟到。 If he had got up early, he would not have been late for school. （与过去事实相反）
had driven （drive) more carefully, If he _____ would not have had (not have) the car he _________ accident yesterday. （与过去事实相反）
If I ____ had learnt (learn ) how to swim, would not have been (be) trapped in I _________ this island. （与过去事实相反）
精选习题 B 1. The volleyball match will be put off if it _____ A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained B in turn, 2. You didn’t let me drive. If we ____ you ____ so tired. A. drove…didn’t get B. had driven…wouldn’t have got C. drove…wouldn’t get D. were driving…wouldn’t get
3. If I were you, I C ____ buy the house right now. A. won’t B. don’t C. wouldn’t D. can’t B 4. _____more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. If the captain had been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been A 5. If he ____me tomorrow, I would let him know A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able
6. What would have happened, _____ C as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. If Bob had walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
条件状语的倒装： 如果条件状语中有were, had, should时, 可以倒 装成：Were / Should / Had +主+其他 If I were you, I would try it again. Were I you, I would try it again. If he had been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. Had he been there yesterday, he would have seen the film. If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldn’t go out.
_____the exam, he would have attend a college. A. If he passed C. Were he passed B. Had he passed D. If he should pass _______five minutes earlier, you could have seen them off. A. If you should arrive B. If you arrive C. Had you arrived D. Should you arrive ____it rain tomorrow, we should have to put off the visit to the Science Museum. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will
假如没有…; 要不是由于… • 如果要表示现在的非真实的条件， Were it not for = If it were not for…, …wouldn’t do Were it not for your help, I would still be homeless. • 如果要表示过去的非真实的条件， if it had not been for=Had it not been for…, …wouldn’t have done Had it not been for the rain, we would have had a good harvest.
错综时间的条件句 即从句与主句的动作发生的时间不同。 需要按各自的时间来确定虚拟形式。 • If they had studied hard earlier, they could do it easily now. • If he had not taken my advice before, he wouldn't do it much better now.
1. If I hadn't stood under the ladder to catch you when you fell, you _____ now. A. wouldn't be smiling B. won't smile C. couldn't have smiled D. didn't smile 2. —It was the drug，not the disease，that killed the boy. —He would be still alive today if he ______ that drug. A. not take B. shouldn’t have taken C. didn’t take D. hadn’t taken
3. If you ______ me earlier, you ____ sorry now. A. had listened to; wouldn’t have been B. were to listen to; shouldn’t have been C. had listened to; wouldn’t be D. listened to; wouldn’t be
1. without和but for（要不是）构成虚拟。 Without sunlight, people’s life would be different from today. But for your help, I wouldn’t have finished the work. Without your help, I would have failed. But for water, it would be impossible to live in the desert.
2. If only （1）…要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 If only our parents could live with us! 要是我没错过火车就好了！ If only I hadn’t missed the train!
(2) = as long as 常用陈述语气. 如果我们紧密团结就一定能战胜 一切困难. We can surely overcome these difficulties if only we are closely united.
3. suppose/supposing(if)也可以引 导虚拟语气。 Suppose(supposing) your friends knew how you are behaving here, what would they think?
4. 跳层虚拟句：即句子一半为虚拟语气，另一半为陈 述语气。 • but前句用虚拟, but 后转为现实 • He would put on weight, but he doesn't eat much. • He would have passed the exam, but he was too careless. • or(else)/otherwise(=if not) 后句转为虚拟， I forget where I read the article, or (else) I would show it to you now. • Mary didn’t receive my letter, otherwise she would have replied before.
1. so that 与in order that 二者引导的目的状语从句谓语部分应该用 could / might （can/may）+动词原形 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. He went to the station in a taxi so that he could not miss the train.
2. lest（以免；免得），in case（以防）， for fear that（生怕，唯恐） • 凡是由lest（以免；免得），in case（以 防）和 for fear that（生怕，唯恐）引 导的目的状语从句中，用“（should）+动 词原形 ” Keep quiet in case you（should）interrupt him when he is busy． She is now studying for fear that she（ should）fail in English． You must wake him early lest he（should） be late for school．
El Condor Pasa 老鹰之歌 Paul Simon v I'd rather be a sparrow than a snail. Yes I would. If I could, I surely would. v I'd rather be a hammar than a nail. Yes I would. If I only could, I surely would. v Away, I'd rather sail away. Like a swan that's here and gone. A man gets tied up to the ground. He gives the world its saddest sound. v I'd rather be a forest than a street. Yes I would. If I could, I surely would. I'd rather feel the earth beneath my feet, Yes I would. If I only could, I surely would.
- Slides: 34
