Grammar Restrictive Attributive Clause VS Nonrestrictive Attributive Clause

Grammar Restrictive Attributive Clause VS Non-restrictive Attributive Clause

试比较 She has a son who is a doctor. （不止一个） She has a son, who is a doctor. （仅有一个） He said nothing that made her angry. （没说使她生气的话） He said nothing, which made her angry. （他没作声，这使她非常生气）

形式上：限制性定语从句与主句之 间不能用逗号分开，非限制性定语 从句与主句之间要用逗号隔开. The film which was shown just now is very exciting. (限制性) We saw an exciting film , which is about how people fight against pollution. (非限制性)

关系词的使用：限制性定语从句可以用 that/which引导; 非限制性定语从句 不用that引导, 应用 which引导. That is the interesting novel that/which you are eager to read. I read an interesting novel, which was about the Long March.

译法上 ： 限定性定语从句：翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 非限定性定语从句：通常翻译成主句的并列句 All the magazines here which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 里面有漂亮图画的那些杂志是他写的。 All the magazines here , which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. 所有的杂志都是他写的，里面都有漂亮的图画。

关系词的省略：限制性定语从句的关系代词做 宾语时可省略。非限制性定语从句的关系代词作 宾语时则不能省略，介词后的关系代词也不能省略。 I will never forget the days (that/which) we spent together. He is the man to whom you can turn for help. His mother, whom he loved dearly, died in 1918.

先行词：限制性定语从句只修饰先行词， 非限制性定语从句可以修饰先行词， 也可以修饰其前面的整个句字或句字的一部分。 She failed to the exam again, which made her mother very angry. He will made a trip to Suzhou, which is famous for it’s beautiful scenery.

区别 形式 限 非 限定性定从 VS 非限定性定从 The village where I无 grew up is a beautiful place. “ ，” I spent a whole afternoon with Tom, who was 有“ ，” very helpful. 功能 限 They’re two girls. The girl that I like is kind. 意思不完整 非 My sister Ellen, who is nice, is a nurse. 不影响表达 先行 限 词 非 The English man that I know is Peter. 通常为单个名词或代词 Mike sold the house, which made his father angry. 既可以是单个名词，也可是整个句子 关 系 词 ① that 不能引导非限定性定从。 ② whom 在非限定从中不能用who 代替。 ③ 引导非限定从的关系词，即使作宾语也 不可省略。

关系代词as的用法及其与which的区别 关系代词as在定语从句中指代整件事，充当句 中的主语或者宾语，它经常和the same, such, as一起搭配使用，共同构成一个固定词组。 1. As we all know, he is a famous scientist. 2. As is expected, he is a diligent boy. 3. She has the same book as you have. as习惯上用于下列词组: the same…as such…as as you know as we have seen as is known to all as anybody can see as was expected

关系代词 as可以放在句子的开头，可以使用 被动语态，而关系代词which则不可以。 As everyone knows, it is necessary to build a hospital in this small town. It is necessary to build a hospital in this small town, which is clear to us. Our department will hold the meeting, as is known by us.

as is known to The earth is round, ___ all. As is known to all, the earth is ___ round 定语从句在句首时只能用as, as 具有正如之意，与之搭配 It is known ___ to all that the earth is 的动词一般是固定的 round.

• This is the same book as I lost. 这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。 This is the same book that I lost. 这本书就是我丢的那本。

This is such an interesting book as we all like. 定语从句 ____ as This is so interesting a book _____ we all like. 这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。 This is such an interesting book that ____we all like it. 结果状语从句 This is so interesting a book ____we all like it. that 这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。

品读规律 Tom found the ancient book, which was broken. 先行词指物，在从 句中做主或宾语， As is said in the newspaper, two farmers saw the UFO 用关系词which, in the field. As引导的非限制性定语从句， 不能用that 常位于句首，which不可以 Cindy is a lovely girl, with whom many people like to make friends. 介词+关系代词，介词的选 I like the house , whose windows face the sea. 用，要根据从句的谓语动词 的构成。 先行词在从句做定语，用关系词 whose People will remember August 8 th, 2008, when 29 th Olympic Games was held in Beijing. 先行词在从句中做时间状语，用when或介词 +which。

错漏“摆”出 he u. People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang, who was the first Chinese to walk in space. u. Many Chinese will never forget May 12 th, 2008, when a big earthquake happened in Sichuan去掉 then u. Which As is shown on TV, many children suffered a lot from the polluted milk.

• 1. It is reported that two schools, ___ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. • A. they both B. which both • C. both of them D. both of which • 2. I have many friends, some ___are businessmen. • • A. why C. who of B. from which D. of whom

• 3. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, ____ wanted to buy it. (安徽) • A. none of them B. both of them • C. neither of whom D. none of whom • 4. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _____ are sold abroad. (辽宁) • A. of which B. which of • C. of them D. of that

5. I walked in our garden, ____ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. A. which B. when C. where D. that 6. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer what it was 20 years ago, ____ it was so poorly equipped. A. when B. which C. what D. that 7. Jim passed the driving test, ____ surprised everybody in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it

when I 1. ① I still remember the days _______ worked with the farmers. ② I still remember the days _______ which I spent with the farmers A. which B. on which C. when D. what 2. ① We were on the way ______ when it began to rain. ② I don’t like the way _____ that you speak to your parents. A. when B. that C. how D. which

3. ① The teacher didn’t know the reason _______ why she was absent yesterday. ②The teacher couldn’t accept the reason ______ that she explained yesterday. A. how B. why C. that D. who 4. D you ever visited? ① Is this school ___ ② Is this the school ___ A you ever studied? ③ Is this the school in __ B you ever studied? A. where B. which C. that D. the one

5. ① This is ______ C he said at he meeting yesterday. A he said at the meeting ② This is all____ yesterday. A. that B. which C. what D. how B is reported in the newspapers, 6. ① _____ they have beaten all the other teams. A is reported in the newspaper ② ____ that they have beaten all the other teams. ③____ D is reported in the newspaper is that they have beaten all the other teams. A. It B. As C. Which D. What

7. ① That is the house, ______ C windows hasn’t been cleaned for months. D the ② That is the house, ______ windows hasn’t been cleaned for months. A ③ That is the house, but ______ windows hasn’t been cleaned for months. A. it’s B. its C. whose D. of which

8. ① John said he’d been working in the office for hours, ______ C true. ② John said he’d been working in the office for hours, but ______ B true. A. he was C. which was B. it was D. who was

9. ① A few people were caught in the big fire, ____ B died. ② A few people were caught in the big fire, ____ C dead. A. two of who C. two of them B. two of whom D. two of they

10. ① Do you know the girl ______ D calling herself Miss Forgetful? A calls ② Do you know the girl ______ herself Miss Forgetful? A. who B. whom C. she D. /

B 11. ① He wrote the best composition, ____ surprised all of us. ② He wrote the best composition ____ A we all read just now. A. that B. which C. it D. /