Grammar and usage Grammar and usage Preposition which

Grammar and usage

Grammar and usage Preposition + which and Preposition + whom

Is he the man who / that wants to see you? He is the man (whom / that) I saw yesterday. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

介词放在关系代词的前面时, 关系代词只能用 which代物、whom代人。 (介词在末尾时, 关系代词可以省略) Can you tell me for whom you are working? There is a big hole on the wall through which he can see what’s happening inside. The train by which he is traveling is arriving. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help. He found something about which to write (= he could write about).

1) This is the hero (who / whom) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud. This is the hero (that) we are proud of. 2) She is the girl (who / whom) I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there. She is the girl (that) I went with there.

3 ) The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big. 注意： 固定动介词组不可分割, 即介词不能提前。 例如: look after, look at …

This is the boy (whom) she has taken care of. 这就是那个她照顾的非常好的男孩。 That is a problem (which / that) we should pay close attention to. 这是一个我们应该密切关注的问题。

介词的选用 “介词 + 关系代词”中的介词主要有以下三 种确定方法： ① 根据定语从句中的谓语动词或形容词来选 用介词。如： The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first. (speak to) The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. (be famous for).

② 根据先行词来确定介词。如： Yesterday we had a meeting at which we discussed many problems. (at the meeting) ③ 根据定语从句所表达的意义来确定介词。 如： In front of the house Tom is planting a tree, under which he will be able to sit and read some day.

Fill in each blank with a proper preposition if necessary. / 1. This is the car _____which I bought last year. for which I paid $100. 2. This is the car ____ on which I spent $100. 3. This is the car ____ by which I go to work every 4. This is the car ____ day. 5. This is the car _______ without which I can’t go to work.

by which the old man was 6. This is the car ____ knocked down. 7. This is the car ____ at which a boy threw a stone. 8. This is the car _____ about which we talked. 9. This is the car ____ of which the window was broken.

例题解析 She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ______ had taken more than three years. 答案： of which 解析：介词+关系代词引导因定语从句。 the construction of which表示“博物馆的 建设”。

Wind power is an ancient source of energy ________ we may return in the near future. 答案： to which 解析：考察“介词+which”的用法。原句 是：Wind power is an ancient source of energy which / that we may return to in the near future.

Care of the soul is a gradual process ______ in which even the small details of life should be considered.

Fill in the blanks with proper words. 1. The teacher______ from ______ whom I learnt most was Mrs. Zhu. 2. This is the house______ in ______ which Lu Xun once lived. on ______ which 3. He will never forget the day __ he came to Beijing.

for which 4. The reason ______ I came here is that I want to get your help. 5. The fellow _____ I spoke made to whom no answer. for ______ which 6. The West Lake, ____ Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place. in _______ which my 7. This is the shop ____ daughter works.

with which 8. The pencil ______ he wrote was broken. 9. She has three children, all ____ of ______ whom are at school. by whom 10. The policeman _____ the thief was caught is an old man. in which 11. I was surprised at the way ______ he treated the old man.

Grammar and usage Relative adverbs: when, where and why

2). where指地点, 在定语从句中作地点状语。 如： Can you show me the house where Shakespeare lived? 3). why指原因, 在定语从句中作原因状语。 如： I don’t know the reason why he didn’t tell it to his father.

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于 “介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构互换。例如： There are occasions when (= on which) one must yield. Beijing is the place where (= in which) I was born. Is this the reason why (= for which) he refused our offer?

F 1. This is the mountain village where I which visited last year. F 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. which

Fill in the blanks with the proper relative pronouns. 1. October 1, 1949 is the day _____ that we’ll never forget. 2. Is this the shop _____ which sells children’s clothing?

3. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone _____ family was poor. whose 4. Do you know the boy _____ who is standing at the gate of our school? 5. The woman _____ you saw whom just now is my aunt.

We live in an age ______ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. 【答案】 when 【解析】when引导定义从句在从句中做时 间状语，此处的when=at which。

Happiness and success often come to those ____ are good at recognizing their own strengths. 解析：who指代先行词those(那些人)，在从 句中做主语。 解题技巧：找主干，析从句。1. 找主干：因 为主句完整，Happiness and success often come to those. 不难看出本题考查定语从句。 2. 析从句: ____are good at. . . 缺主语，故选择 who。

The exact year _____ Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008. 【解析】 which。本题定语从句的先行词是 the exact year，后面的定语从句Angela. . . in China中动词spent后面缺少宾语，所以使用 关系代词which引导，并在句中做宾语。

The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _____ where his employees enjoy their work. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time ____ when he should be able to be independent.

Please compare the following sentences and fill in the blanks. when 1. I still remember the days _____ we visited the country-side. that we 2. I still remember the days ______ spent together. where I was 3. I return to the village ____ brought up.

that we paid 4. I return to the village _______ a visit to last week. 5. I don’t know the reason _______ why he was late. that he 6. I don’t know the reason _______ explained to the teacher.

Look at the following pictures. Complete each sentence using an attributive clause.

I know very little about art. Art is something ______________. about which I know very little

I bought my favorite dress in this shop. This is the shop _________________. in which I bought my favorite dress

I told you about this photo last week. This is the photo _______________. about which I told you last week

I got the cup from the headmaster. The headmaster is the person ______________. from whom I got the cup

We learnt how to write with brushes from Mr. Ma is the person __________________ from whom we learnt how to write with ____. brushes