GRADING RUBRIC WKS Fall Final Review 2018 1

GRADING RUBRIC WKS: Fall Final Review 2018

1. Diagram an example of negative feedback utilized in the process of homeostasis. (i. e. thermoregulation) Give another example of negative feedback

2. Draw examples of dehydrations synthesis and hydrolysis. (Show chemical equations and label monomers and polymers. Also label which is catabolism or anabolism) Dehydration Synthesis (anabolism) Hydrolysis (catabolism) Both are considered part of metabolism

3. Draw the p. H scale and label acids, bases, and neutral Where would you find most cleaners? bases Where would you find typical rainwater? p. H 5. 6 Where would you find p. H of blood? ~ p. H 7. 4

4. Draw and label the Lock and key model of enzymes (label the enzyme, substrate, and active site. Also list factors that affect enzyme function) Factors: temperature, p. H, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the presence of any inhibitors or activators.

5. Draw and label a typical graph showing the x and y axis, and label the dependent and independent variables What was the independent and dependent variables in Leaf Disk lab? What was the independent and dependent variables in the Potato Osmosis lab?

6. Draw a simple drawing of the building of a polymer from monomers of a carbohydrate What are two names for the monomer of a carbohydrate? Name some polysaccharides?

7. Draw and label the parts of a nucleotide and identify the variable portion Variable portion (nitrogen base)

8. Draw and label a water molecule and describe why it is described as being a polar molecule. List the special properties of water (3) due to its polarity. What are the special properties of water? cohesion, adhesion, specific heat

9. Draw a typical cell and show what happens to its surface area to volume ratio as the cell increases in size. What significance does this have on cell division? Decreasing surface area makes it difficult for cell to take in and get rid of materials through cell membrane (the surface area of cell)

10. Draw a typical cell membrane and label the following: phospholipids and protein channels. (Show unsaturated fatty acid tails and describe how this effects the cell Unsaturated fatty acid tails membrane) Saturated fatty acid tails The kinks in the fatty acid tails spread the lipid molecules out and provide more space between them

11. Draw and diagram a cell membrane showing examples of diffusion, facilitated diffusion, and active transport (show which require an input of energy and which do not)

12. Draw a typical prokaryote and eukaryote and describe the major differences between them Eukaryotes have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles and prokaryotes do not.

13. Draw a diagram of the endosymbiotic theory and describe details that support this theory Evidence: Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA and ribosomes

14. Diagram examples of a hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic solutions (show the flow of water molecules) If it is hypertonic inside the cell, what is it outside?

15. Draw a typical animal cell and label the following: Nucleus, cell membrane, cytoplasm, rough ER, smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, mitochondria, lysosomes, centrosomes

16. Draw a typical plant cell and label the following: Nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, cytoplasm, rough ER, smooth ER, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, large central vacuole

17. Diagram the process of photosynthesis. Label the following: chloroplast, thylakoids and membrane, stroma, light dependent reaction (with molecules in and out), light independent reaction (with molecules in and out) What powers each stage? chloroplast thylakoids stroma

18. Diagram the process of cellular respiration. Label the following: glycolysis (with molecules entering and exiting), mitochondria, Krebs cycle (with molecules entering and exiting), , electron transport chain (with molecules entering and exiting), show the number of ATP generated in each step

19. Draw a diagram of an ATP molecule. Show what happens with ATP gives up it energy (what happens to the ATP molecule and what does it turn into? ) How is ATP like a rechargeable battery?

20. Draw a diagram of the cell cycle. Label the stages and describe what happens in each stage.

21. Draw a diagram of a DNA molecule. Show parts of nucleotides that make up DNA “backbone” and “rungs” of DNA molecule. Also show types of bonds in “backbone” and “rungs” of DNA Covalent bonds

22. Draw and diagram the process of DNA Replication (show why it is described as being a “semi-conservative” process) Original strand New strand Original strand

23. Show examples of hydrogen, ionic, and covalent bonds. Describe the “Octet” rule The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb that reflects observation that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine in such a way that each atom has eight electrons in its valence shell, giving it the same electron configuration as a noble gas. Hydrogen bonds Ionic bonds Covalent bonds