GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2

2 You will learn to: þ Identify and describe snow, glaciers, and polar ice

3 What happens when solid ice flows over land? crevasses rocks Glacial erosion is

4 What is a glacier’s toe and what makes it grow? head toe In

5 Is a retreating glacier moving? toe When the glacier melts back faster than

6 What marks does a glacier carve into the landscape? U-shaped valley striations GRADE

7 What marks does a glacier carve into the landscape? arête horn cirque GRADE

8 What clues does a glacier leave when it disappears? moraine till GRADE 8

9 How did this huge rock get here? Erratics are carried by glaciers and

10 What built this wall of gravel and rocks? esker an esker forming inside

11 What shaped these hills? drumlin The pointed end of the drumlin points in

12 What dug out these little ponds? kettle ice Are there any features in

13 How does glacial ice carve rock? GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION

14 What do moraines, eskers, and drumlins have in common? GRADE 8 Freshwater and

15 So far you’ve learned to: þ Identify and describe snow, glaciers, and polar

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GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World? Part 2 of 3

2 You will learn to: þ Identify and describe snow, glaciers, and polar ice caps. o Identify evidence of glacial erosion. o Identify factors that affect the size of glaciers and ice caps. o Describe how humans impact glaciers and ice caps. Let’s get started! GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

3 What happens when solid ice flows over land? crevasses rocks Glacial erosion is the picking up of sediment or loose material by a glacier. GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

4 What is a glacier’s toe and what makes it grow? head toe In cold years, more snow builds up. The increased weight of ice pushes the glacier forward and the toe advances. GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

5 Is a retreating glacier moving? toe When the glacier melts back faster than it is moving forward, the toe seems to retreat. Material is left behind in glacial deposition. GRADE 8 where the toe used to reach melt water Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

6 What marks does a glacier carve into the landscape? U-shaped valley striations GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

7 What marks does a glacier carve into the landscape? arête horn cirque GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

8 What clues does a glacier leave when it disappears? moraine till GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

9 How did this huge rock get here? Erratics are carried by glaciers and left behind when the ice melts from under them. Glacial erratics can be found far from where they were picked up. Ice GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

10 What built this wall of gravel and rocks? esker an esker forming inside a tunnel beneath the ice GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

11 What shaped these hills? drumlin The pointed end of the drumlin points in the direction the glacier was flowing. GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

12 What dug out these little ponds? kettle ice Are there any features in the landscape around you that might have been made by a glacier? GRADE 8 When this block of ice melts, it will leave a hole. Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

13 How does glacial ice carve rock? GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

14 What do moraines, eskers, and drumlins have in common? GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?

15 So far you’ve learned to: þ Identify and describe snow, glaciers, and polar ice caps. þ Identify evidence of glacial erosion. o Identify factors that affect the size of glaciers and ice caps. o Describe how humans impact glaciers and ice caps. Let’s try an activity! GRADE 8 Freshwater and Saltwater Systems SECTION 2 How Does Frozen Water Shape Our World?