Grade 2 Science Review Term 1 Plants are

Grade 2 Science Review Term 1

Plants are living things. • Plants need water, sunlight, air, water, space and warmth. • • Plants get nutrients from the soil. Leaves take in air and sunlight to make food. The stem holds the plant up. The roots hold the plant in the soil and take in water.

Plant Traits ● ● The way plants look or act is called a trait. Plants get many of their traits from their parent e. g. colour, stem length, leaf shape. Some plants have many leaves, other plants have few or no leaves.

How do plants survive in different places? ● Plants in dry places have few or no leaves. They store water in their stem. ● Plants in wet places have large leaves. ● Plants in windy places can bend.

Animals with a backbone: 1. Giraffe 2. Lion 3. Cat 4. Dog 5. Crocodile 6. Flamingo 7. Horse Animals with no backbone: 1. Octopus 2. Starfish 3. Jellyfish 4. Caterpillar 5. Spider 6. Crab 7. Bee

Animal Groups

Mammals: • Have hair or fur • Have live babies • Mothers make milk to feed their babies • Are warm-blooded

Birds: • Have feathers • Have wings and a beak • Lay eggs • Are warm-blooded

Reptiles: • Have hard skin or scales • Lay eggs • Live on land or in water • Are cold-blooded

Fish: • Have fins and scales • Live in water • Lay eggs • Breathe with gills • Are cold-blooded

Amphibians: • Have wet skin • Live in water and on land • Have legs • Are cold-blooded

Insects: • Have 6 legs • Hard outer shell • Can walk or fly

How do animals grow and change? ● How an animal grows and changes is called it's life cycle.

Life Cycle of a Panda

Life Cycle of a Chicken

Life Cycle of a Butterfly

How do animals survive? 1. Adaptation An adaptation is a body part or a way an animal acts. ● ● ● Giraffes have long necks that help them reach leaves in the tops of trees. Camels have long eyelashes to protect their eyes from the sand. Camels can close their nostrils to stop sand from getting inside.

How do animals survive? 2. Camouflage • Camouflage is a way that animals blend into their surroundings. The colour or shape of an animal helps it hide. Camouflage helps animals hide from predators.

How do animals stay safe? ● Fish swim in a large group. ● Turtles stay safe by hiding in their shell. ● Skunks spray a bad smelling liquid to keep other animals away.

What is a habitat? ● A habitat is a place where plants and animals live. In a habitat animals find food, homes and the water they need. ● Hot and dry (desert) ● Wet and grassy (rainforest/ jungle) ● Cold and snowy (polar) ● Grassy and warm (grasslands)

What do animals get from their habitat?

Food Chains • • A food chain shows the order in which living things get the food they need. Some food chains are on land. Some are in the water. Some can be both on land in water. • Carnivores eat other animals. • Herbivores eat plants.

Food Web • A food web is two or more food chains that are connected.

How Habitats Change Describe how the habitat has changed:

How Habitats Change • 1. Drought – little or no rain for a long time • 2. Fire • 3. Flooding • 4. People • 5. Animals

Endangered • • When many of one kind of animal die and only a few are left, that animal is endangered. Animals can become endangered when people hunt them or build on their habitats.

Fossils • • • A fossil is what is left of a living thing from the past. Scientists can learn about habitats of the past from the plant and animal fossils they find. If a fossil does not match the habitat they were found in then scientists can tell that the habitat has changed.