Good afternoon Please read and follow ALL directions

Good afternoon! Please read and follow ALL directions! • • • Please pick up your folder and a video guide on your way in. Please be in your seat when the timer goes off. You will need a pen or pencil. Please put your phone all the way up! (You will get your 4 -minute phone break later today, if everyone keeps their phone up until then!) Please be ready to stop talking when I start giving instructions (remember, show me you could handle open seating someday soon!)

Religion �Polytheistic �Ancestor worship �Confucianism- involved in civil service examinations

Daoism �Many followed Daoism ◦ Founded by Laozi ◦ Daoism- religion that believes that a universal force guides our actions /tries to restore natural order ◦ “The Way” ◦ Yin/Yang

Mandate of Heaven �Let’s recap:

The Han Dynasty 206 BCE-220 CE

Development of the Han Dynasty �Came after the Qin Dynasty �Founded by a rebel leader named Liu Bang �The Han ruled during a “golden age” of China

Role of Women �Duty : was to their family and their husbands �Some upper-class women received education �Exceptions: ◦ Empress Lu- wife of Liu Bang ◦ Ban Zhao- writer ◦ Buddhist nuns- able to gain an education

Buddhism �Buddhism entered China near the end of the Han Dynasty ◦ 65 CE ◦ Came from India through trade on the Silk Road ◦ In the beginning it was closely associated with Daoism

The REAL Mulan! �Lived right after the Han dynasty during a period of war and disunity ◦ How does this explain the central conflict of the movie? �According to legend, she took her father’s place because her brother was too young, but she was never found out to be a woman while fighting �https: //www. youtube. com/w atch? v=HTp. ZELFKH 2 w

Government and Law �Emperors considered to be semi- divine �Emperor relied on a bureaucracy to help him rule (highly structured gov’t) �Civil service jobs- government jobs that civilians obtain by examinations ◦ Tested knowledge of Confucianism ◦ Adopted during Wudi’s government

Influential Emperors �Encouraged assimilation with conquered people �Liu Bang kept the centralized government of the Qin dynasty ◦ Lowered taxes /softened punishments �Wudi- The “Martial Emperor” ◦ Great-grandson of Liu Bang ◦ Adopted policy of expanding the Chinese empire through war ◦ Colonized Manchuria and Korea

Economy �Vast trade networks �Agriculture was considered the most honorable / important occupation �Large gap between rich and poor �Silk=most valuable item of trade ◦ Closely guarded secret of China �Government ◦ ◦ held monopolies over: Mining of salt Forging of iron Minting coins Brewing alcohol

Technological Advances �Created paper- helped spread education �Improvements to plow and iron tools �Invented wheelbarrow �Use of negative numbers in math

Fall of the Han Dynasty �Causes: ◦ ◦ ◦ Same as Rome Gap between rich and poor Bad emperors/leaders Political instability Invaders Increased prices of goods Great flood in 11 CE �Re-emerges after flood but collapses for good in 220 CE

Fall of Rome vs. Fall of Han Dynasty (202 BCE-220 CE) Roman Empire (27 BCE-476 CE) Empire replaced rival kingdoms Empire replaced republic Centralized government Built roads and defensive walls Conquered many diverse peoples Chinese became common language Latin did not replace other written languages Ongoing conflict with nomads Ongoing conflict with Germanic tribes Empire fell apart; restored by Tang Dynasty in 618 CE • Weak rulers • Economic troubles • Gap between rich and poor • Outside invaders Empire fell apart; never restored • Weak rulers • Economic troubles • Gap between rich and poor • Outside invaders

Han Dynasty Report Card �Read the Han Dynasty fact sheet and go back through your notes. Then, grade the Han Dynasty on the categories below: ◦ ◦ ◦ Unity/power/size: _____ Technology: _____ Art/Architecture: _____ Government structure: ____ Overall: ______