GOES14 Imager and Sounder a preliminary look Timothy

GOES-14 Imager and Sounder a preliminary look Timothy J. Schmit NOAA/NESDIS/Satellite Applications and Research Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB) Mathew M. Gunshor, Tony Schreiner, Scott Bachmeier, Joleen Feltz, Steve Wanzong, SSEC Data Center, etc. CIMSS/SSEC, Madison, WI Don Hillger and Tim Schmit co-lead the NOAA Science Test http: //rammb. cira. colostate. edu/projects/goes-o/ 1

Outline • Introduction • First imager and sounder images – Comparisons • Improved imager band 6 (13. 3 um) spatial resolution • Preliminary inter-calibration results • Improved INR and Operation thru eclipse • Initial products (imager and sounder) • Web links 2

GOES-14 GOES-13/14/P have similar instruments to GOES-812, but on a different spacecraft bus. Spring and fall eclipse outages will be avoided by larger onboard batteries. GOES-8/12 Improved navigation Improved radiometrics GOES-13/14/P 3

GOES-14 von Karman vorticies • GOES-O Science Test web page: http: //rammb. cira. colostate. edu/projects/goes-o/ 4

sediment plume actinoform clouds vortex in the marine layer clouds , snow 5 Amazon suppressing the formation of cumulus

GOES-12/14 (Around eclipse period) GOES-12 GOES-14 6

GOES-14: Sample “ 1 -min” imagery GOES-12 GOES-14 Visible data from the recent NOAA Science Test, lead by Hillger and Schmit 7

First GOES-14 Images (sub-sampled) Note the ‘brighter’ GOES-14 visible image 10 From NOAA ASPB

GOES-12 (for comparison) Note the sub-satellite points are different 11 From NOAA ASPB

GOES-14 Sounder! 12 Note clean signal, especially bands 1, 2, 12 and 15.

GOES-12 Sounder 13 Data has been remapped to a common projection.

River Fog GOES-14 GOES-12 The fog is a bit brighter and a appears more extensive in the GOES-14 image. GOES-14 is able to discern urban centers more readily than GOES-12. 14

Imager SRF 15

Improved spatial resolution of GOES-14 Imager band 6 GOES-12 • • The improved spatial resolution of the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES)-14 imager band 6 has been verified. This band, centered at 13. 3 um, has a number of uses, the main being cloud height determination. Important diagnostic work was under-taken. After an issue was raised dealing with the data stream of imager band 6, the suggested fix was implemented at the ground station. Many groups, both within NOAA/NESDIS, the Cooperative Institutes, NASA and others, quickly worked together to fix this issue. GOES-14 The 13. 3 um band 6 of the GOES-12 (left panel) has an 8 km IGFOV (Instantaneous Geometric Field of View); while the same band on the GOES-14 (right panel) has a 4 km IGFOV. Note the finer resolution of the cloud edges and the ‘cleaner’ image. The improved spatial resolution of the GOES-14 imager band 6 (over GOES-12/13 imagers) has been verified with initial on-orbit data. (Courtesy of T. Schmit) 16 Sponsor: OSD G-PSDI Program

Methodology: GEO – IASI Intercal Collocation in time and space. Within 30 minutes at geostationary subpoint (GSNO – Geostationary Simultaneous Nadir Observation) Low Satellite View Angles (< 14) Spatial smoothing 100 km “running average” mitigates the negative effects of poor spatial and temporal collocation, poor navigation, and spatial resolution differences. Average radiances, not temperatures. Compare a common area around the GEO sub-point, not “pixel to pixel” comparisons “Convolve” high spectral resolution Radiance spectra with GEO Spectral Response Function. Compare mean scene brightness temperatures (converted from mean scene radiances). Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies University of Wisconsin - Madison 17

Preliminary intercalibration results with GOES-14 Imager using IASI • From M. Gunhor, of CIMSS • Mean temperature differences with IASI (for 12 cases) are: – -0. 4 K for the Shortwave Window band (5 night cases) – +0. 8 K for the Water Vapor band – +0. 1 K for the IR Window band – -0. 6 K for the CO 2 Absorption band • Using Spectral Response Function (SRF) 18 • Similar results from Dr. Wu of STAR

Improved INR 19

Great navigation just after yaw-flip 20

GOES Series Sounder Noise Wavelength Channel GOES-08 GOES-09 GOES-10 GOES-11 GOES-12 GOES-13 GOES-14 14. 70 1 1. 760 1. 160 0. 710 0. 670 0. 750 0. 320 0. 330 SPEC (I-M) 0. 660 14. 40 2 1. 210 0. 800 0. 510 0. 640 0. 260 0. 280 0. 580 14. 10 3 0. 980 0. 560 0. 410 0. 370 0. 450 0. 240 0. 220 0. 540 13. 90 4 0. 740 0. 460 0. 410 0. 360 0. 390 0. 170 0. 450 13. 40 5 0. 680 0. 450 0. 360 0. 340 0. 350 0. 190 0. 160 0. 440 12. 70 6 0. 320 0. 190 0. 160 0. 170 0. 140 0. 110 0. 098 0. 250 12. 00 7 0. 200 0. 130 0. 090 0. 110 0. 100 0. 080 0. 160 11. 00 8 0. 130 0. 090 0. 120 0. 140 0. 120 0. 110 0. 160 9. 70 9 0. 160 0. 110 0. 100 0. 130 0. 140 0. 120 0. 090 0. 330 7. 40 10 0. 080 0. 070 0. 090 0. 100 0. 090 0. 040 0. 160 7. 00 11 0. 070 0. 050 0. 040 0. 060 0. 050 0. 030 0. 120 6. 50 12 0. 110 0. 090 0. 070 0. 110 0. 070 0. 030 0. 150 4. 57 13 0. 012 0. 008 0. 007 0. 006 0. 007 0. 003 0. 013 4. 52 14 0. 010 0. 007 0. 005 0. 007 0. 006 0. 007 0. 003 0. 013 4. 45 15 0. 009 0. 006 0. 005 0. 006 0. 003 0. 013 4. 13 16 0. 004 0. 003 0. 002 0. 008 3. 98 17 0. 004 0. 003 0. 002 0. 008 3. 70 18 0. 002 0. 001 0. 004 GOES-14 – the best Sounder yet wrt noise performance! Preliminary Units: m. W/(m 2 ster cm-1) 21

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Cloud-top Pressure (GOES-14 Sounder) 23

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Cloud-top Pressure (GOES-14 Imager) 26

Cloud-top Pressure (GOES-14 Sounder) 27

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Clear-sky brightness temperatures (Imager) 29

SRF • There were updated imager GOES-14 spectral response functions (SRF) released just before the science test. 33

GOES-14 Science Test Preliminary Results • First official GOES-14 images were collected from Imager (visible and IR) and Sounder • Improved (4 km) resolution of 13. 3 µm band required changes to GVAR format. Several issues with implementing the new GVAR format were discovered, communicated, rectified, and verified. • Imager and Sounder data collected for a host of schedules, including rapid scan imagery. • Identified GOES Sounder calibration issue with respect to averaging calibration slopes. • Initial IASI inter-calibrations with both the imager and sounders. • Various products generated 34 • Imagery posted on various home pages.

GOES-14 Imager and Sounder http: //rammb. cira. colostate. edu/projects/goes-o/ http: //www. star. nesdis. noaa. gov/star/GOES-14 First. Image. php http: //www. ssec. wisc. edu/media/spotlight/goes 14/ir. html http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/blog/archives/3054 http: //www. ssec. wisc. edu/data/geo/index. php? satellite=goes 14&file=jpg http: //cimss. ssec. wisc. edu/goes/rt/sounder-dpi. php 35