Gods Tombs Treasures Castles and Legends of Old
Gods, Tombs, Treasures, Castles and Legends of Old Greece
Gods of Old Greece Twelve Olympians
Mythology Twelve Olympians The twelve gods of Olympus are the main gods of Greek mythology who lived on Mount Olympus Hera: She was protector of marriage. Wife of Zeus. Athena: Goddess of Wisdom Poseidon: God of the Sea Hestia: Goddess of Home. Protector of family happiness. Ares: God of war. Zeus: The father of gods and humans. God of weather and protector of foreigners.
Hermes: Messenger of the Gods Apollo: God of divination art, music and dance. He was still healing god. Dimitra Goddess of farming, agriculture, but fertility and protector of farmers. Artemis: Goddess of wildlife, hunting, protector of the countryside and motherhood. Venus: the goddess of beauty and love. Hephaestus God of fire and metallurgy
Tombs and Treasures of Old Greece
Tombs and Treasures of Old Greece Cycladic Civilization One of the oldest civilizations of Europe was developed in the Cyclades in the 3 rd and 2 nd millennium BC, in Bronze Age. Since the 19 th century, archaeologists have been Cyclades studying the Cycladic culture of the Bronze Age (32002000 BC) by excavating cemeteries and observing differences in the graves and grave goods. The Cycladic people of the Bronze Age did not have a system of writing nor do archaeologists have Cyclades comprehensive information on their settlements therefore, scholars must rely on the numerous excavated cemeteries for insight into the organization of their society and their views on death.
The most characteristic creation of Cycladic art are marble figurines. Most depict naked women, a few men musicians, warriors or hunters.
The excavations brought to light
Minoan Civilization In the 3 rd and 2 nd millennium BC culture in Crete reached a high level of social and economic organization and artistic production. He is known as the "Minoan civilization" by the mythical King Minos of Knossos
The Minoan tomb dating from around 1700 BC in Kamilari
Mycenaean civilization The civilization that developed in mainland Greece during the late Bronze Age (16001100 BC) was the first great Greek civilization. The name invented by the archaeologists of the most important centers of the time, Mycenae. At the beginning of the Mycenaean civilization mark the rich royal tombs
Tomb Atreus Treasures
Alexandrian or Hellenistic period (323 -31 BC) The entrance to the tomb of Philip II in the museum of Vergina.
The golden larnax containing the bones of Philip II and the golden wreath as seen worn by the dead when his body was burned.
Legends The hero Theseus, son of King Aegeus of Athens (actually the son of Poseidon) volunteered to be one of the people who would be sent to Crete. In Knossos he met the princess Ariadne, who fell in love vehemently. With the help of Ariadne and Daedalus he managed to get through the dark labyrinth, to meet the Minotaur and, after wrestling with him, to kill him. This ended in the death toll and managed to get out of the maze Labyrinth deadlocks using a ball thread, who supplied Ariadne (thread of Ariadne). Minos took a gift from the god Neptune for his marriage , a white bull and promised to sacrifice the animal to the god. But he did not kept his promise and Neptune , wanted to punish him, inspired fierce love in Pasiphae for the bull. In those years he lived in the palace of Knossos, the wise Athenian craftsman Daedalus, exile from his homeland. He undertook to fulfill the desire of Pasiphae to mate with the beautiful bull. For this purpose constructed a wooden cow, in which Pasiphae mated with the bull. From the unholy union of Pasiphae and the divine bull he was born Minotaur, a bloodthirsty monster and imprisoned in the Labyrinth, the mythical underground complex edifice which was built by Daedalus.
Castles of Old Greece is one of the few countries in the world with so many castles and fortresses. There are more than 800 castles and fortresses. , Other ancient and other medieval. The castles of Greece is a part of our history and our cultural heritage. Of these, the castles using various criteria are assessed as important and have relatively greater interest is 60. Naturally, these castles are the better known and exploited. In our work we will refer indicatively to the most important castles of each geographical area.
Geographic Areas of Greece
East Macedonia & Thrace Evros Castle of Didymoteichon Castle Didymoteichou tops the Kale hill that dominates the city of Didymoteicho. Its walls were from the Byzantine period but were reconstructed and strengthened of Justinian. For this reason we believe that the existence of the castle in its present form dates from the 6 th century. Inside the castle are scattered carved caves which were used as residential sections.
East Macedonia & Thrace Kavala Castle of Kavala An impressive castle which is the trade mark of the city. The castle of Kavala stands on top of the peninsula where is built the old city. During the Byzantine period and later were repeated reconstructions and fortification interventions by Byzantines, Venetians and Turks. The castle (citadel) in its present form was built in the early tou 14 ou century, based on Byzantine foundations. In the outdoor theater of cultural events.
Central Macedonia Thessaloniki Fortress Eptapyrgiou, also known under the name Yedi Kule. The castle and the walls in Thessaloniki are creations of earlier times as it was necessary for the city's fortifications and their creation is estimated at the foundation. In its current form it is, rather, the work of the 14 th century. In the 1890 s, the castle was converted into a prison. In 1989 the prisons were transferred and Eptapyrgio attributed to the competence of the Ministry of Culture.
Central Macedonia Pieria Platamon Castle The Platamon Castle is a castle of the middle Byzantine period (10 th century AD) and is located southeast of Mount Olympus. The castle is located in a strategic position, at the exit of the Tempi valley and it controls the route from Macedonia to Thessaly and to Southern Greece. In the castle maintained the church of Agia Paraskevi the only one of five that existed there before.
Castle of Trikala is situated in a strategic hilltop position in the north of the city. Due to the significance of the fortress, Emperor Justinian ordered a complete renovation during the 6 th century AD. a huge clock tower was constructed by the Ottomans, the bell of which weighed about 650 kilos. This first clock, constructed in 1648, was destroyed and the present clock tower, standing 33 m in height, was built in its place in 1936. Thessaly Trikala Castle of Trikala
Epirus-Arta Castle of Arta The Castle of Arta is one of the most beatifull castles in Greece. Typical of the Byzantine Architecture, it was built in the 13 th century under the initiative of the ruling family of Epirus, Komnenos. During the occupation by the Ottoman Empire, the castle lost its significance, along with any interest for reconstructing, or enhancing it. For a long period of time it was used as a prison
West Greece-Aitoloakarnania Castle of Nafpaktos Time of Construction 15 th century. The castle is located on a hilltop that dominates the town, at an altitude of about 200 meters. This hill is a pyramid shape. Its fortification passed through many phases, as it was started in the ancient times, passed through the Venetian conquest and was completed by the Turks. In periods of sieges, people would get into the castle to protect their lives from the enemies. Through its history, it has been a base for conquerors and pirates.
Peloponnese. Argolis Castle Palamidi is a huge, well-maintained and probably the best castle in Greece and the finest sample of the Venetian fortifications in Greece. It was built in 1714 by the Venetians, within the record time of 3 years during their second occupation of the area (1686 -1715). It is built on a 216 -meter high hill with the same name. The fortress commands an impressive view over the Argolic Gulf, the city of Náfplio and the surrounding country. There are 857 steps in the winding stair from the town to the fortress. However, to reach the top of the fortress there are over one thousand. Locals in the town of Nafplion will say there are 999 steps to the top of the castle.
Peloponnese. Laconia Fortress-state Monemvasia "Monemvasia" means "one-way". Monemvasia is built in a rock which is a connected with a narrow and unique road to the mainland. Thus, it had always been well protected from the raids of the barbarians. The town and fortress were founded in 583, during the reign of the Byzantine Emperor Mauricius. From the 10 th century AD, the town developed into an important trade and maritime centre. The commercial importance of the town continued until the Orlov Revolt (1770) in the Russo. Turkish War, which saw its importance decline severely. The town was liberated from Ottoman rule on July 23, 1821 by Tzannetakis Grigorakis.
Aegean Islands Dodecanese Walled City of Rhodes The castle of Rhodes (which actually is a complete medieval city surrounded to this day by walls) is one of the best-preserved and most historical castles of the world. Due to its geographical position as a gate to the Aegean Sea, Rhodes has been an important stop thanks to its well protected harbors. During the Hellenistic period in the late 4 th century BC, the town of Rhodes was already enclosed in defensive walls. The Rhodes earthquake of 226 BC severely damaged the fortifications, but they were soon rebuilt. The Byzantines built a fortress on the highest part of the town. The milestone of the medieval history of Rhodes was its occupation by the Knights of the Order of St John of Jerusalem from 1309 until 1522. In 1522 the Ottoman returned. The Ottomans repaired and maintained the walls but they did not add new elements in the fortification. There are 11 gates to access the old city.
Ionian islands Kerkyra Old Castle of Corfu In the 6 th century, the old town of Corfu located at the Kanoni peninsula (the Paleopoli) was destroyed by invaders and the survivors decided to build again the town in a safer area. . Later the town has been protected by the creation of a fortress around it. That was the Old Fortress which covers completely the small peninsula at the east end of Corfu town. The fortifications of the fortress have been constructed and modified during a long period of many centuries. The first major construction work was carried out by the Byzantines. During the first Venetian period he castle’ s peninsula was converted to an island in the second Venetian period the castle took its final form. This happened sometime in the 16 th century.
Koules Castle Crete Herakleion The Koules Castle dominates the modern port of Heraklion. It is a massive fortress with two floors that used to guard the entry to the port. The Castle was constructed by the Venetians in the early 13 th century, and was called. Rocca al Mare, but is now known by its Turkish name, Koules.
Sites : www. krassanakis. gr el. wikipedia. org/wiki/ www. cycladic. gr www. istoria. gr/ www. odysseus. culture. gr/ www. ebooks. edu. gr/ www. kastra. eu/
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