GNAEUS ILIUS AGRICOLA Gnaeus Ilius Agricola ann quadrigsim

GNAEUS IŪLIUS AGRICOLA

Gnaeus Iūlius Agricola annō quadrigēsimō (40) post Chrīstum nātum Forī Iūliī in Galliā Narbonēnsī nātus est. Forum Iūliī, quod ab Iūliō Caesare conditum est et hodiē Fréjus appellātur, inter Massiliam et Nicaeam situm est.

In hīs pictūrīs Forī Iūliī portam Rōmānam et columnās quae aquaeductum ferēbant vidētis. Forum Iūliī ab Augustō statiō nāvālis magnī momentī facta est.

ab annō quīnquagēsimō ōctāvō (58) ad sexagēsimum prīmum (61) post Chr. nātum Agricola erat tribūnus mīlitum in Britanniā. dum ibi mīlitat, Brītannī Boudiccā duce sēditiōnem fēcērunt sed superātī sunt.

annō sexagēsimō quartō (64) Agricola erat quaestor in Asiā prōvinciā, ubi rēs pecūniāriās administrābat.

annō septuagēsimō ad Britanniam ab Imperātōre Vespasiānō iterum mīssus est ut lēgātus fieret lēgiōnis XX Valeriae Victrīcis, quae in bellō cīvilī nūper perfectō contrā Vespasiānum ipsum pugnāverat. sī vīs plūra dē hāc lēgiōne scīre, vidē hunc situm interretiālem: http: //www. livius. org/le-lh/legio/xx_valeria_victrix. html

• Consul’s picture annō septuagēsimō septimō cōnsul creātus, annō proximō lēgātus Britanniae ā Vespasiānō factus est ut tōtam īnsulam perdomāret.

annō octagēsimō tertiō (83) vel quartō (84) Agricola, praemissā classe, quae in plūribus locīs magnum et incertum terrōrem faceret, expedītō exercitū, cui ex Britannīs fortissimōs et longā pāce explōrātōs addiderat, ad montem Graupium pervēnit, quem iam hostis īnsēderat.

super triginta milia armātōrum Calēdoniōrum aspiciēbantur et adhūc adfluēbat omnis iuventus et quibus erat crūda et viridis senectūs. diū et ācriter pugnātum est sed tandem Rōmānī vīcērunt.

nōn dubium est quīn mōns Graupius in Calēdoniā fuerit neque tamen certum est in quā regiōne pugnātum sit. plūrimī crēdunt hunc locum in Calēdoniā septentriōnālī fuisse, sed nūperrimē historicus quīdam affirmāvit Agricolam contrā Calēdoniōs prope Bodotriam (Firth of Forth) pugnāvisse.

ecce locus in Calēdoniā merīdiānā quem ille historicus crēdit aevō Rōmānō montem Graupium appellātum esse. in pictūrā inferiōre vallum castrōrum Rōmānōrum et (post aborēs) `mons Graupius’ ipse aspicitur.

Secundum fābulam Cantabrigiēnsem, Agricola, Calēdoniīs superātīs, epistulam ad Domitiānum mīsit in quā rogāvit ut iubērētur cōpiās Rōmānās in Hiberniam dūcere. scrīpsit sī Hibernī līberī manērent difficile fore eōs prohibēre quīn Britannōs contrā Rōmānōs incitārent.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS • The picture on slide 9 is from the cover illustration of Duncan Campbell’s Mons Graupius AD 83. http: //www. romanscotland. org. uk/pages/campaig ns/mons_graupius/contents. asp • Slides 10 and 11 reproduce illustrations from Euan Lindsay’s account on the `Roman Scotland’ website: http: //www. amazon. com/Mons -Graupius-AD-83 -Campaign/dp/1846039266