GML Copyright Galdos Systems Inc 1242022 GML business

& <GML/> © Copyright Galdos Systems Inc. 1/24/2022

GML | business drivers ► “…about 80 percent of all government information has a geospatial data component…In 1993…[an] estimated that $4. 1 billion was spent annually, at the federal level, on collection and management of geographically referenced data…state and local governments are estimated to spend twice that of the federal government. . . ” ► “…about 50 percent of the federal government’s geospatial data investment is redundant. ” ► “…up to 80 percent of GIS costs are related to the collection and management of geospatial data. ” 2 1/24/2022

INSPIRE GML | business drivers “…widespread access to and use of spatial information is still a problem in Europe. The main problems relate to data gaps, missing documentation, incompatible spatial data sets and services due e. g. to varying standards, and barriers to the sharing and reuse of spatial data. ” 3 1/24/2022

GML | value proposition ► Increased ► ► utility, lower costs Ability to leverage IT investments in unforeseen ways Avoidance of further generations of closed, dead end solutions savings to investment ratio of 119% projects that adopted and implemented geospatial interoperability standards saved 26. 2% compared to the projects that relied upon a proprietary standard 4 1/24/2022

GML | technology ► Open XML encoding of a standard geospatial model ISO 19100 <GML/> Xerces JAXP. NET Saxon W 3 C xml xsd xlink 5 1/24/2022

GML | technology ► Standard logical and encoding models 6 1/24/2022

GML | technology ► Implements ISO 19100 series ► ► ► ISO/TS 19103 – Conceptual Schema Language (units of measure, basic types), ISO 19107 – Spatial schema (geometry and topology objects), ISO 19108 – Temporal schema (temporal geometry and topology objects, temporal reference systems), ISO 19109 – Rules for application schemas (features), ISO 19111 – Spatial referencing by coordinates (coordinate reference systems), ISO 19123 – Schema for coverage geometry and functions 7 1/24/2022

GML | technology ► GML is XML ► ► Open standard for representing and processing data. Provides a way to mark up text content that adds information about its purpose. <gml: coordinates> 123. 04243527088623, 49. 3000136701627 </gml: coordinates> ► ► Separates content and style The alternative to using XML is to define your own proprietary data syntax, and then build your own proprietary tools to support that proprietary syntax. . . 8 1/24/2022

GML | technology ► Schema framework 9 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Universal GML geospatial data transport GML WFS WFS (ESRI) (Post. GIS) (Oracle) 10 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Information communities Road network Environment Emergency Response 11 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Expressive and explicit 12 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Feature ► ► relationships As in the real world, features are objects that can relate to other objects Properties are used to explicitly model the relationship semantics 13 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Real-time data integration ► Shared GML vocabularies increases probability of both formalized and ad hoc data integration ► Data from different GML vocabularies can still be integrated through XSLT transformation and/or geospatial web services AIXM DAFIF 14 1/24/2022

GML | benefits ► Enables ► ► geospatial web services A web service is a software interface that describes a collection of operations that can be accessed over the network through standardized XML messaging. OGC services include Web Map Server (WMS), Web Feature Server, and Web Registry Server (WRS) 15 1/24/2022

AIXM | GML ► Mission: timely, consistent, high quality aeronautical information ► Objectives: ► ► A common language for expressing aeronautical information for human and computer interpretation; Cost savings through software reuse and data model reuse; Increased safety through improved data integrity and timeliness; Cost reduction through improvements in data quality checking and integration. 16 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | schema framework 17 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | feature identification ► Implicit and explicit ► Natural key: identification by property state ► Explicit identifiers <Runway gml: id="local-ID"> <gml: identifier>global-ID</gml: identifier>. . . </Runway> 19 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | geometry ► Normative implicit definition ► Informative explicit encoding 20 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | geometry ► Standard geometry encoding <aixm: extent> <gml: Polygon srs. Name="EPSG: 4326"> <gml: exterior> <gml: Linear. Ring> <gml: coordinates>. . . </gml: coordinates> </gml: Linear. Ring> </gml: exterior> </gml: Polygon> </aixm: extent> 21 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | feature lifetime ► Event-driven ► State model: feature history @ certain time: version 22 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | feature lifetime 23 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | extensibility ► Framework for local extensions 24 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | future work ► Audit draft AIXM GML schemas for compliance with GML v 3. 1. 1 specification ► Work with AIXM design team to resolve any non-compliance issues ► Migrate AIXM schemas to GML v 3. 2 ► Refine AIXM GML Profile ► Work with AIXM design team to develop GML change proposals 25 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | future work ► GML ► ► ► v 3. 2 Official ISO standard Improve consistency and usability UML to/from GML rules according to ISO 19109 ► Changes ► ► ► from v 3. 1. 1 New version-qualified namespace: http: //www. opengis. net/gml/3. 2 Even more explicit encoding Increased emphasis on profiles 26 1/24/2022

AIXM-GML | knowledge and tools 2007: From Mashups to Infrastructure ► Bringing together of geospatial customers, managers, and developers ► Vancouver July 07 ► 27 1/24/2022