Globally Harmonized System GHS AND Your Hazard Communication

Globally Harmonized System (GHS) AND Your Hazard Communication Program Hazel Hunter Project Work. SAFE

Background • The GHS was adopted by the United Nations in 2002 • Original implementation date for the US was 2008 • OSHA published a notice of proposed rulemaking to update the hazard communication standard in September 2009. • Held public hearings in March of 2010. • Final rule made the Federal Registry March 26, 2012.

Background Negotiated from many different countries, international organizations and stakeholders. Commonly referred to as The Purple Book

The Purple Book

What is GHS? Logical, Standardized, Comprehensive approach to the Communication of Chemical Hazards – Purpose is to: • Define health, physical & enviro hazards • Communicate hazard info & protective measures

What is GHS? More of a Right to Understand than a Right to Know Standard

Why is the GHS needed? • No country has the ability to identify and specifically regulate every hazardous chemical product. • 650, 000 such products in US. • Adoption of GHS helps address protection needs. OSHA ppt

8 David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9 , 2011

9 David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9 , 2011

Benefits to GHS • • • Maintain Consistency Increase quality of information Reduce trade barriers Reduce confusion Increase comprehension of hazards Reduce fatalities and injuries • 43 fatalities/year • 585 injuries/year • Help address literacy problems

1910. 1200 year 2012 Manufacturers must classify the hazards of their chemicals Employers must provide employees with the information – 1910. 1200 e Hazcom Program including: • • List of chemicals Container Labeling SDS (formerly MSDS) Training – Hazards and protective measures • • • Non-routine tasks Multi-employer workplace Methods to provide employees access to SDS Methods to inform other employers of precautions necessary Method employer will use to inform other employees of labeling system • PPE audit ******

Phase-in dates

Effective Completion Date December 1, 2013 Dec 1, 2013 June 1, 2015* Requirement/s Train employees on the new label elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format. Compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except: Who Employer Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers December 1, 2015 The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the Chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as necessary, And provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Employer May comply with either 29 CFR 1910. 1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employer Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

Effective Completion Date December 1, 2013 Dec 1, 2013 June 1, 2015* December 1, 2015 June 1, 2016 Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above Requirement/s Train employees on the new label elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format. Compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except: The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the Chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label Who Employer Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as necessary, And provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Employer May comply with either 29 CFR 1910. 1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employer

The Elements of GHS • Classification Criteria – Health and Environmental Hazards – Physical Hazards • Hazard Communication – Labels • Shipping Labels • In house labels – Safety Data Sheets – Training

Hazard Classification The Good News For most of you The work falls on someone else – (d) (1) Chemical manufacturers and importers shall evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces or imported by them to classify the chemicals in accordance with this section. “Employers are not required to classify chemicals unless they choose not to rely on the classification performed by the chemical manufacturer……? ”

Manufacturer’s responsibility A. Hazard Classification 1. Hazard Category a. Based on available data b. No testing required c. Appendix A in 1910. 1200 for health d. Appendix B in 1910. 1200 for physical hazard B. Not your burden!

GHS Hazard Classification Using the defined criteria in the Purple Book the manufacturer- Assigns a hazard classification – Physical Hazards • 16 categories – Health Hazards • 10 categories – Environmental Hazards • Mixtures – guidance from the Purple Book – Again – not your problem 18

Hazard Classifications Physical Hazards (16) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Explosives Flammable Gases Flammable Aerosols Oxidizing Gases Under Pressure Flammable Liquids Flammable Solids Self-Reactive Substances Pyrophoric Liquid 10. Pyrophoric Solids 11. Self-Heating Substances 12. Substances which, in contact with water, emit flammable gases 13. Oxidizing Liquids 14. Oxidizing Solids 15. Organic Peroxides 16. Corrosive to Metals

Hazard Classification – Health Hazards (10) 1. Acute Toxicity 2. Skin Corrosion/Irritation 3. Serous Eye Damage/Eye Irritation 4. Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 5. Germ Cell Mutagenicity 6. Carcinogenicity 7. Reproductive Toxicology 8. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single Exposure 9. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Repeated Exposure 10. Aspiration Toxicity 20

Health Hazards Hazard Class Acute Toxicity 1 2 3 4 1 A 1 B 1 C 2 Serious Eye Damage/ Eye Irritation 1 2 A 2 B Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 1 Skin Corrosion/Irritation Germ Cell Mutagenicity 1 A 1 B 2 Carcinogenicity 1 A 1 B 2 Reproductive Toxicity 1 A 1 B 2 *STOT – Single Exposure 1 2 STOT – Repeated Exposure 1 2 Aspiration 1 Simple Asphyxiants 21 Hazard Category Single Category *STOT = Specific Target Organ Toxicity 3 Lactation

Hazard Classification Aquatic Environmental Acute aquatic toxicity Chronic aquatic toxicity • Bioaccumulation potential • Rapid degradability 22

Elements of GHS Shipping Labels – 6 elements: • • • Product Identifier Manufacturer/supplier Pictogram Signal Words Hazard Statements Precautionary Statements

Workplace labels OSHA has not changed the general requirements

Flexibility – but 1. Must be effective 2. Must be explained in your Hazcom program

Workplace Labels And I quote, “ Employers may choose to label workplace containers either with the same label that would be on shipped containers …. . under the revised rule, or with label alternatives that meet the requirements of the standard. Alternative labeling systems such as the NFPA 704 hazard rating (the diamond) are permitted for workplace containers. However the information supplied on these labels must be consistent with the revised HCS, e. g. , no conflicting hazard warnings or pictograms. ” page 153 of final rule

Workplace labels Options for the employer: – Create their own workplace labels – Provide all of the required information that is on the label from the manufacturer, – The product identifier and words, pictures, symbols or a combination thereof, signs, placards, process sheets, batch tickets, operating procedures which in combination with other information immediately available to employees, provide specific information regarding the hazards of the chemicals.

Workplace labels must be in English. – Other languages may be added to the label if applicable. Acceptable - – – – Pictograms with black border PPE pictograms Environmental pictograms Symbols that are not OSHA’s HCS pictograms May continue to use National Fire Protection (NFPA) diamonds – HMIS labels* * As long as they are consistent with the requirements of the Hazcom Standard and the employee has immediate access to additional information on the specific hazard

Confusion Deep in the guts of the Purple Book hazard the numbering system to indicate how hazardous a chemical is, is opposite the HMIS/NFPA classification. 4 being least hazardous vs HMIS where 4 will kill you.

GHS classification ratings order of severity differ from NFPA and HMIS: HMIS/NFPA 0 = Least Hazardous 4 = Most Hazardous GHS 5 = Least Hazardous 1 = Most Hazardous PPT-016 -04 36

Labels (cont. ) Nine symbols aka pictograms Includes an “Environment” pictogram 31

Pictograms

Pictograms Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard. The pictogram on the label is determined by the chemical hazard classification.

Pictograms Health Hazard • • • Carcinogen Mutagenicity Reproductive Toxicity Respiratory Sensitizer Target Organ Toxicity Aspiration Toxicity – Benzene – Vinyl Chloride – Ethylene Oxide

Pictograms Flammables • • • Pyrophorics Self – Heating Emits Flammable Gas Self Reactives Organic Peroxides – Acetone – Paints / stains – Fuels

Pictogram Exclamation Mark • Irritant (skin and eye) • Skin Sensitizer • Acute Toxicity (harmful) • Narcotic Effects • Respiratory Tract Irritant – Cyclohexanone – Fiberglass – Hazardous Dusts

Pictogram Gas Cylinder Compressed gas – Refrigerant gas – Air Monitor Calibration Gas – SCBA or SCUBA tanks – Propane tanks – Fire extinguishers? – Compressed gases – Liquefied gases

Pictogram Corrosion • Skin Corrosion/Burns • Eye Damage • Corrosive to Metals – – Many Acids Hydrofluoric Acid Battery Zinc Chloride Solution

Pictogram Exploding Bomb • Explosives • Self – reactive • Organic Peroxides – – Fireworks Ammunition Flares Need more

Pictogram Flame Over Circle • Oxidizers – Hypochlorite – Oxygen – Ozone

Pictogram Skull and Crossbones • Acute Toxicity (fatal or toxic) Arsenic Chloroform Cyanide Solutions

Pictogram Environment Aquatic Toxicity – (Non-Mandatory) – Herbicides – Insecticides – Heavy metals

Signal Words DANGER – defines a serious hazard WARNING – hazard is less dangerous

Precautionary Statement • A phrase which describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposures to a hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product • 5 Types of Statements – – – General Prevention Response Storage Disposal

Supplemental Information Any additional information – Directions for use – Expiration date – Lot number

Shipping Labels • • • Product identifier Signal word Hazard statement(s) Pictogram(s) Precautionary statement(s) Name, address, and phone number of the responsible party.

Acetone DANGER Signal Word Highly flammable liquid and vapor Causes serious eye irritation Hazard Statement/s Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking. Take precautionary measures against static discharge. Keep cool. Protect from sunlight Keep Container tightly closed. Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Wear protective gloves/protective clothing, eye protection/face protection. IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. ABC Manufacturer Chemical Avenue Chemical, State 12345 -1234 Precautionary statement/s Supplemental information

Material Safety Data Sheets New – Safety Data Sheets

Old OSHA MSDS format OSHA-174 (1989), 8 sections (non-mandatory) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Manufacturer information Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information Physical/chemical properties Fire and Explosion Hazard Data Reactivity Data Health Hazard Data Precautions for Safe Handling and Use Control Measures 50

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 16 headings Identification Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients First-aid measures Fire-fighting measures Accidental release measures Handling and storage Exposure control/personal protection

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. Physical and chemical properties Stability and reactivity Toxicological information Ecological information * Disposal considerations * Transport information * Regulatory information * Other information A. Date of preparation and most recent revision * Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA jurisdiction

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 16 headings Identification v Product identifier v Manufacturer or distributor Address Phone number Emergency phone number Recommended use and restrictions

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings 1. Identification 2. Hazard(s) identification v All hazards regarding the chemical v Labelling Elements

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 2. 16 headings Identification Hazard(s) identification 3. Composition/information on ingredients v Ingredients v Trade secret claims v OBTW – trade secrets provision remains

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings 1. Identification 2. 3. Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients 4. First-aid measures v Symptoms / effects Acute, or Delayed v Required treatments

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings 1. 2. 3. 4. Identification Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients First-aid measures 5. Fire-fighting measures v. Extinguishing techniques v. Type of extinguisher v. Chemical hazards from fire

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 16 headings Identification Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients First-aid measures Fire-fighting measures 6. Accidental release measures v Lists emergency procedures v Protective equipment v Containment and cleanup

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 16 headings Identification Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients First-aid measures Fire-fighting measures Accidental release measures 7. Handling and storage v Precautions for safe handling and storage v Includes incompatibilities

NEW - SDS Format: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 16 headings Identification Hazard(s) identification Composition/information on ingredients First-aid measures Fire-fighting measures Accidental release measures Handling and storage 8. Exposure control/personal protection v OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS) v Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s) v Engineering Controls v Personal Protective Equipment

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. Physical and chemical properties v Lists chemical characteristics

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. Physical and chemical properties 10. Stability and reactivity v Lists chemical stability v Possible hazardous reactions

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. 10. Physical and chemical properties Stability and reactivity 11. Toxicological information v Routes of exposure v Inhalation v Ingestion v Skin / eye contact v Symptoms v Acute and Chronic effects v Numerical measures of toxicity

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. 10. 11. Physical and chemical properties Stability and reactivity Toxicological information 12. 13. 14. 15. Ecological information * Disposal considerations * Transport information * Regulatory information* * Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA jurisdiction – will be addressed by DOT, EPA or Consumer Products Safety

Format: 16 headings (cont. ) 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. Physical and chemical properties Stability and reactivity Toxicological information Ecological information * Disposal considerations * Transport information * Regulatory information * 16. Other information v Date of preparation and most recent revision v Other useful information

LABEL REQUIREMENTS – SHIPPING CONTAINERS • Product identifier • Signal word • Hazard statement(s) • Pictogram(s) • Precautionary statement(s) • Name, address, and phone number of the responsible party.

Training • Effective • Time of initial assignment • Whenever new chemical with new hazard is introduced Note: training may be designed to cover categories of hazards – not necessarily every chemical / SDS – All flammables – All carcinogens However, chemical specific information needs to be provided through labels and SDS

TRAINING Labeling elements – Signal words – Pictograms – Precautionary statements – Interaction of chemicals – Proper storage Safety Data Sheet - New format

Enforcement Dates

Effective Completion Date December 1, 2013 June 1, 2015* Requirement/s Who Train employees on the new label Employer elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format. Compliance with all modified provisions of this final rule, except: Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors and employers December 1, 2015 The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled by the Chemical manufacturer or importer unless it is a GHS label June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as necessary, And provide additional employee training for newly identified physical or health hazards. Employers May comply with either 29 CFR 1910. 1200 (the final standard), or the current standard, or both Chemical manufacturers, importers, distributors, and employer Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

Review - 3 Major Changes 1. Hazard Classification – Definitions of hazard have been changed to reflect specific criteria – i. e. classifications – Classification of mixtures 2. Labels – – – Significant changes to the look Signal word, Pictogram Hazard Statement Precautionary statements 3. Data Sheets -- 16 part data sheets are GHS required

Differences For a side by side comparison of all the differences – go to http: //www. osha. gov/dsg/hazcom/docs/ghsoshac omparison. pdf 153 page doc

Expect changes • OSHA says “It is expected that the GHS will be a living document and is expected to remain up-to-date and relevant; therefore further changes may be adopted on a two year cycle. Presently most of the recent updates have been clarifications of text. However, OHSA anticipates that future updates of the HCS may be necessary and can be done through various rulemaking options, including: • Technical updates for minor changes • Direct Final Rules for text clarification • Notice and comment rulemaking for more substantive and controversial updates

PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT • Assessment required • Each task

• Inhalation - nearly all materials that are airborne can be inhaled • Skin Absorption - skin contact with a substance can result in a possible reaction • Ingestion - most workers do not deliberately swallow materials they handle • Injection – normally associated with bloodborne pathogens • Ocular - absorbed through the eyes