Global Solution for Local Problems Atlanta Aerotropolis 2014

Global Solution for Local Problems: Atlanta Aerotropolis 2014 AMPO Conference October 23, 2014 Nancey Green Leigh, Ph. D, FAICP Professor and Associate Dean for Research School of City & Regional Planning/College of Architecture Georgia Institute of Technology ngleigh@coa. gatech. edu

Aerotropolis Concept • Kasarda, professor & consultant, recognized for popularizing term: – in addition to traditional aviation services, major airports develop themselves, or can attract to surrounding region, significant non-aeronautical commercial facilities, service and revenues. • Spin-off from “megalopolis” – large and densely populated urban area that can include multiple independent administrative districts 2

It’s a Specialized Urban Economy • Centered around airport is an urban region connecting workers, suppliers, executives, and goods to global marketplace • Occurring organically and strategically across the globe on greenfields and grey/brownfields 3

Example of Air & Surface Connectivity for Manufacturing, Repair, and Training 4

Planning’s Role • Greenfield aerotropolis – requires master & regional planning; – major new infrastructure development – Complex and long-range development • Denver is closest example in U. S. • Hong Kong & Incheon, Korea are important international examples 5

Planning’s Role cont. • Greyfield aerotropolis: more complex – vacant & contaminated land, fragmented jurisdictions & ownership, obsolete infrastructure, economic decline, poor urban design… • Most U. S. aerotropoli are greyfields, including Atlanta • Memphis greyfield aerotropolis notable for its master planning – U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and City of Memphis Division of Planning and Development partnership for 2010 HUD Community Challenge Grant to fund the Master Plan. 6

Issues for Planners 1. Stakeholder coordination – Joint planning between jurisdictions and other organizations around the airport. 2. Development and Redevelopment – Prospects for infill redevelopment require substantial coordination and policy. 3. Transit and Transportation – Surface network connectivity essential for business development, time sensitive or high value goods 4. Aesthetic Improvements – Improve pedestrian experience, landscaping, way finding, gateway signage. 7

Regional Planner’s Tools • • • 8 Collaborative approaches Land use inventory Mixed use zoning Economic base Strategic Industry Clusters Transportation Corridors Low carbon development Community/business improvement districts TIF and opportunity zones …

9 March 2013 report

Atlanta Airport is in Metro’s “Southern Crescent” 10

Impact of Airport 11

Ri ve r Un dal io e n Cl City ar ks t Lit on h Co o lle nia ge P St Eas ark on t e Po M in ou t nt Fa ain irb u M rn or r La ow ke Fo Ci re ty st P Pa ark lm et t Au o st Do ell ra vil At le Do lan ug ta la sv Ha ille pe vil Sm le Ch at C yr ta ha na ho m oc ble he e e Du Hil nw ls Al oo ph dy ar re tt D Sa ec a nd at y S ur pr in gs Southern vs Northern Crescent 2010 Percent Minority 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 12

ar Du ret nw ta Ch oo at d ta D ho ec y oc at u Sa hee r nd H y S ills pr in Sm gs yr Fa na D irb St oug urn on la s e M vill ou e n Ch tai am n bl M ee or ro At w la nt Au a Ea ste st ll Po Do int r Un avill io e n C La ity ke Ri City ve rd Ha ale pe v Pa ille lm Cl etto ar Fo kst re on Co st P lle ark ge Pa Lit rk ho ni a ph Al Southern vs Northern Crescent 2010 Median Household Income $100 000 $90 000 $80 000 $70 000 $60 000 $50 000 $40 000 $30 000 $20 000 $10 000 $0 13

ks to Lit n ho La nia Co ke C lle ity ge Fo Pa r St r on est k P e M ark ou nt Pa ain lm e Ri tto ve r Ea dale st Po i M nt or ro Fa w irb ur n Au s Un te io ll n C Ha ity pe vil l At e Do lan ug ta la Ch sv i at ta Do lle ho ra oc vil he le e Hi De lls ca tu Sm r Du yrn nw a Al oo ph dy ar r Ch etta Sa am nd bl y S ee pr in gs ar Cl Southern vs Northern Crescent 2010 Unemployment Rate 25 20 15 10 5 0 14

Memphis Greyfield Aerotropolis ATL is not a contender? 15

Memphis Aerotropolis Goals • Upgrade surroundings to clustered commercial campuses with logistics, manufacturing, and cargo handling physically separated from business and leisure travelers. • Airport area zoning to encourage location of airport oriented firms and industries and address aesthetic and social problems. • Plan for additional close-in core logistics space by land banking. • Consolidate airport area hotels into cohesive zones with ready access to adjacent entertainment areas and transit. • Local governments work together as single entity because Aerotropolis is a single integrated market economy, – prevent companies from playing jurisdictions off one another to detriment of their tax bases and their residents. 16

Memphis Aerotropolis Master Plan • Airport City Master Plan: released April 2014 • Aligns with HUD’s Livability Principles: Provide more transportation choices Promote equitable, affordable housing Enhance economic competitiveness Support existing communities Coordinate policies and leverage investment – Value communities and neighborhoods – – – • Project Timeline: 17

Global Solution for Local Problems • Negative externalities associated with major airports key reason that adjacent regions & urban economies are neglected greyfields. • Focus on developing aerotropolis for competitive global positioning creates major opportunity for greyfield redevelopment. • Regional planning and Planner’s Toolbox are essential for realizing strategic development goals. 18