Global Humanitarian Assistance Report 2019 key findings Angus

Global Humanitarian Assistance Report 2019: key findings Angus Urquhart Development Initiatives

Countries with recurrent crises are home to less than a tenth of the global population, but more than a third of people in extreme poverty

International humanitarian assistance increases but pace of growth slows 35 Total 30 US$ billions 25 20 25, 2 22, 2 5, 9 26, 5 5, 6 28, 6 6, 6 28, 9 6, 3 Private 4, 7 15 10 20, 9 21, 9 22, 6 17, 5 19, 3 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 5 0 global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org Governments and EU institutions

14 12. 6 12. 9 12 US$ billions 10 50% 8. 4 8 32% 6 5. 7 37% 40% 8. 1 30% 33% 8. 4 20% 4 2 0 60% 2. 7 2016 4. 2 4. 8 2017 2018 global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org 10% 0% Multi-year contributions as % of total funding Multi-year funding grows markedly by volume but more slowly as a proportion of total funding Multi-year contributions as % of total funding Single-year contributions Multi-year contributions

Unearmarked funding to UN increases in total but continues to fall in relative terms 18 30% 16 28% US$ billions 14 26% 12 8 9, 3 10, 3 20% 19% 11, 6 12, 3 13, 5 24% 22% 20% 19% 4 2 Earmarked funding Unearmarked 10 6 Unearmarked funding as % of total 18% 2, 2 2, 6 2, 7 2014 2015 2016 2, 7 17% 2, 8 2017 2018 0 18% 16% global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org

Volume of cash and voucher programmes reaches new high 5. 0 4. 5 0. 1 4. 0 US$ billions 1. 5 0. 1 1. 0 0. 5 0 1. 0 2. 8 3. 0 2. 0 0. 9 3. 5 2. 5 4. 7 4. 3 0. 004 2. 0 0. 004 0. 1 1. 0 0. 5 1. 4 2015 2. 0 2016 global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org 2017 Other NGOs RCRC UN agencies 0. 7 2. 2 0. 01 2. 8 2018

Direct funding to local and national actors grows in 2018 but remains a small proportion of all funding RCRC National Societies 0. 1% Southern international NGOs 0. 3% Local NGOs 0. 1% National NGOs 0. 3% International responders 96% Internationally affiliated NGOs 0. 1% Local and national responders 3. 1% National governments 2. 6% National foundations 0. 002% National academia/think tanks/research institutions 0. 003% National private sector corporations 0. 1% global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org

Both domestic and international resources are lower person in countries in crisis Developmental ODA gross US$39 person Long-term debt (commercial) US$22 person Remittances US$72 person Official humanitarian assistance US$16 person 20% Other official flows gross US$4. 8 person 8% 2. 4% Peacekeeping US$8. 1 person 4. 1% Long-term debt (official) US$4. 2 person 2. 2% global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org Foreign direct investment US$23 person 11% 37% 12% 1. 2% 2. 2% Net short-term debt US$2. 3 person Net portfolio equity US$4. 3 person

% change in FDI since year before appeal Foreign direct investment is volatile and inflows can fall rapidly in the early years of a protracted crisis response 10% 0 Year 1 Year 2 -3% -16% -10% -20% -48% Year 3 7% Year 4 -6% -21% -43% -30% -40% -50% -60% global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org -42% Year 5 -2% -11% Lower middle income countries Low income countries

International funding related to disaster risk reduction increasingly targets high-risk countries 41 43 97 101 104 46 48 100 6, 000 5, 69 4 5, 2 74 US$ m ill io n s 67 4, 000 3, 000 257 4, 7 6 3 5, 000 3, 5 12 311 757 4, 3 8 2 205 128 3, 87 7 508 162 763 83 4, 2 9 6 306 4, 6 71 128 289 318 465 467 4, 385 2, 000 4, 632 4, 254 3, 669 3, 329 High risk Other 2, 883 4, 254 3, 849 1, 000 0 High risk Other 2014 2015 global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org High risk 2016 Other High risk Other 2017

Conclusion • Growth in international humanitarian assistance but slowing and still inadequate to meet need • Mixed progress in adapting to more efficient and effective programming – significant gaps in reporting and evidence of impact. • New financing mechanisms are being developed and new sources of funding accessed – more evidence needed on targeting, impact and coordination global humanitarian assistance / devinit. org