Global Forum on Trade Statistics Followups Ronald Jansen

Global Forum on Trade Statistics Follow-ups Ronald Jansen Chief of the Trade Statistics Branch United Nations Statistics Division / DESA E-mail: Jansen 1@un. org

Global Forum on Trade Statistics Measuring Global Trade - Do we have the right numbers? organized jointly by UNSD and Eurostat in collaboration with WTO and UNCTAD 2 -4 February 2011, Geneva, Switzerland 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Measuring Global Trade New Recommendations IMTS / SITS Data Sources Global Production and Outsourcing Linking Trade and Business Statistics Trade in Value-Added 2

1. Measuring Global Trade n 2. Global Production and Outsourcing n 3. 4. 5. International outsourcing New Recommendations IMTS / SITS Data Sources Linking Trade and Business Statistics n 6. Messages from different angles Examples of ISTAT, Statistics Netherlands and Statistics New Zealand Trade in Value-Added 3

Messages from Policy Makers Ø Make everyone aware of the fragmentation of the production process and move the measurement of it forward Ø The changing patterns of trade and production have important implications in the broader context of development strategies. Ø Current statistical data are deficient for international trade in services from the point of view of both analysis of such trade and use by negotiators.

Messages from Statisticians Ø Trade in Goods (high quality) and Trade in Services (low quality) better balance necessary Ø We need a quality profile for International Trade Statistics Ø Fully integrated data warehouse for international trade is recommended as in Vision statement. Sharing good practices is important Ø Better use of trade statistics by linking it to other economic statistics, but also energy and environment statistics

Messages from Researchers Ø More Trade in Services Statistics Ø Better distinction of traded goods into intermediate goods and final goods Ø More information on intra-firm trade Ø Better linking of Trade and Enterprise statistics

Global Production Statistics Denmark International Sourcing study Core business function: Production of final goods or services intended for the market/for third parties carried out by the enterprise and yielding income. Support business function: Support business functions (ancillary activities) are carried out in order to permit or facilitate production of goods or services intended for the market/for third parties by the enterprise. Distribution and logistics Marketing, sales and after sales services ICT services Administrative and management functions Engineering and related technical services Research & Development Other support functions

Linking Trade and Business Statistics Italy Netherlands New Zealand 8

The link between the list of trade operators and the Business Register is the GATEWAY to any new and successful developments in trade statistics Trade flows micro-data List of Trade operators Business surveys Business Register Administrative and fiscal data Special surveys on Globalisation: MNEs and international sourcing FIRST TYPE OF OUTPUT SECOND TYPE OF OUTPUT THIRD TYPE OF OUTPUT “new figures” based on the count of trade operators, for instance by products and markets “new figures” on the business characteristics of exporting and importing enterprises “new figures” and analysis based on the full integration between Trade and Business Statistics

Integrating economical, functional and social statistics 1: M Enterprise Statistics of Finances of Enterprises Ownership (UCI) Con. GO 1: N 1: P Firm Job Business Register Job register International Trade Fiscal Data Structural Business Surveys and short term indicators Investments R&D Person Population register Surveys Persons and Households

What’s in the LBD? Longitudinal Business Database Administrative data • Goods and services tax data • Financial accounts (IR 10) • Company tax returns (IR 4) • Linked Employer Employee Database Longitudinal Business Frame Contains longitudinally linked data for most enterprises operating in NZ. Includes information on: • employment • location • industry Survey data • Annual Enterprise Survey • Business Operations Survey • Manufacturing and Energy Use Survey • Business Finance Survey • Overseas merchandise trade • ownership relationship • Research and Development Survey • Government assistance data Allows individual business to be tracked over time. • International Trade in Services and Royalties 11

Fragmentation of production: the example of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner Forward fuselage: Wing box: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (Japan) Kawasaki Heavy Industries (Japan) Wing ice protection: GKN Aerospace (UK) Centre fuselage: Alenia Aeronautica (Italy) Spirit Aerosystems (USA) Rear fuselage: Boeing South Carolina (USA) Vertical Stabiliser: Boeing Commercial Airplanes (USA) Lavatories: Jamco (Japan) Raked wing tips: Korean Airlines Aerospace division (Korea) Escape slides: Air Cruisers (USA Doors & windows: Zodiac Aerospace (USA) PPG Aerospace (USA) Flight deck seats: Ipeco (UK) Flight deck control Esterline (USA), Moog (USA) Horizontal Stabiliser: Alenia Aeronautica (Italy) Engines: GE Engines (USA), Rolls Royce (UK) Aux. power unit: Hamilton Sundstrand (USA) Passenger doors: Latécoère Aéroservices (France) Cargo doors: Saab (Sweden) Source: www. newairplane. com Prepreg composites: Toray (Japan) Centre wing box: Fuji Heavy Industries (Japan) Engine nacelles: Goodrich (USA) Tools/Software: Dassault Systemes (Fra Navigation: Honeywell (USA) Landing gear: Messier-Dowti (France) Pilot control system: Rockwell Colins (U Electric brakes: Messier-Bugatti (France) Wiring: Safran (France) Tires: Bridgestone Tires (Japan) Final assembly: Boeing Commercial Airplanes (USA)

Completely decomposing gross exports Gross exports Domestic value added in exports (VAX) Exports consumed by direct importer Final goods Further downstream Intermediate inputs Domestic value added that returns from abroad (VS 1*) Indirect exports sent to third countries Final goods Intermediate inputs Foreign value added in exports (VS) Final goods Intermediate inputs Indirect valueadded exports (VS 1) Further upstream in GVCs 13

Outcome and Follow-up to the Global Forum on Trade Statistics

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Workshop on the Fragmentation of Global Production and Trade in Value Added World Bank, Washington DC, June 2011

Regional Seminar on International Trade Statistics Beijing, China, October 2011

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Thank you Ronald Jansen and Matthias Reister Trade Statistics Branch United Nations Statistics Division Email: comtrade@un. org Website: unstats. un. org/unsd/trade