Global Environmental Policy Module 2 National Environmental Policy

Global Environmental Policy - Module 2: National Environmental Policy National Governments and National Environmental Policy

Seminar Matrix Module 1: Global Environmental Policy Module 2: National Environmental Policy Governments Today Business and Industry NGOs and Communities Module 3: Local Environmental Policy

National Governments and Sustainability Business and Industry MEAs* UN Agencies Universities National Governments International Conferences * MEAs = Multilateral Environmental Agreements Action at the local level Mass Media NGOs

Ｉn a capitalist market economy, governments intervene to: l Eliminate unfair advantages/monopolies l Manage public spaces l Mitigate pollution l Provide safety nets l Provide social services

Along with the general public and the industry, governments are responsible for policy making. Policy is one path to solving environmental problems.

Seminar Matrix l. Conduct and evaluate research l. Monitor environmental quality l. Set and enforce standards (e. g. , for pollutants) l. Assist local governments in meeting standards l. Educate the public

National Governments : What can they do? National Governments Governance Laws, legislation, rules, regulations, monitoring and evaluation, Education Awareness, courses, seminars, publications, manuals, public dialogue, Technology Tech development, skills, finance and subsidies, capacity,

National Governments : GOVERNANCE Governance Basic Laws Education Technology Some focus on everyone! • Consumers/Citizens Laws Other laws specifically focus on: • • Companies Business and trade Local governments Etc.

National Governments : GOVERNANCE Governance Basic Laws Education Technology • Basic Environment Law • Japan Environment Corporation Law • Environmental Impact Assessment Law Kankyo Kihon Keikaku • to build a environmentally sound material cycle, where environmental load by human activities are minimized • to secure a harmonious coexistence between humankind and diverse wildlife and natural environment • to enhance participation of all the members of society in environmental conservation activities • to enhance their international activities.

National Governments : GOVERNANCE Governance Material Reduction Education Technology Laws • Basic Law for Establishing a Recycling-Based Society • Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods and Services by the State and Other Entities • Law for Promotion of Effective Utilization of Recyclable Resources • Law for Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging • Law for Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances • Food Recycling Law • Construction Materials Recycling Act • Waste Management (Disposal) and Public Cleansing Law • Law for the Control of Export, Import and Others of Specified Hazardous Wastes and Other Wastes

National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Earth / Ecology Education Technology Laws • Overview of Laws Concerning Natural Environment Conservation • Law Concerning the Promotion of Measures to Cope with Global Warming • Law Concerning the Protection of the Ozone Layer through the Control of Specified Substances and Other Measures • Law Concerning the Recovery and Destruction of Fluorocarbons • Law on the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf • Law Relating to Protection of the Environment in Antarctica • Nature Conservation Law; Natural Parks Law; Forest Law • Basic Law on Forest and Forestry • Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law • Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora • Law Concerning the Protection and Control of Animals

National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Energy & Transportation Education Technology Laws • • • Overview of Laws Concerning Energies Electricity Utilities Industry Law Gas Utility Industry Law Atomic Energy Basic Law concerning the Rational Use of Energy Law on Temporary Measures to Promote Business Activities for the Rational Use of Energy and the Utilization of Recycled Resources • Law Concerning Promotion of the Use of New Energy • Law Concerning Promotion of the Development and Introduction of Alternative Energy • Road Transportation Vehicle Law

National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Other laws exist on: Education Technology Laws • • • Air Water Waste Chemicals Pollution Land More Information from Website: http: //www. japanfs. org/ja/japan/laws. html

National Governments: EDUCATION Environmental Education Governance Education Technology . . . in Japan Pollution by industrial development Urban lifestyles and consumption patterns Global environmental issues

National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology Revised Basic Environment Plan (2000) Section II. 3 -(3) Environmental Education and learning • EE target: General Public, stress on the younger generation , community leader, NGO etc. • EE contents: not only environmental pollution and nature conservation but also consumption, energy, food, human settlement, population, history, culture etc. • EE orientation: towards a sustainable society. • EE objective: to make learners investigate, think, learn and act by themselves through experiences. • EE projects need collaboration with other groups.

National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology 1953 The first patient suffering from the Minamata Disease was discovered in the city of Minamata. 1967 The Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was enacted. The National Association on Environmental Pollution Control Measure for Primary and Lower Secondary School Teachers was organized. 1968 "Kogai, " or environmental pollution, was included in the national curriculum for the first time. 1969 The first Environment Pollution White Paper (KOGAI HAKUSYO) was published by the Government of Japan. 1970 The 64 th Diet session was held, where the Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was revised.

National Governments: EDUCATION Governance 1971 Education 1992 Environmental Education Guide for the Primary School was published by the Ministry of Education. 1993 The Basic Environment Law was enacted. 1994 The Basic Environment Plan was established by the decision of the Japanese Cabinet. 1995 Junior Eco-Clubs (JEC) project was launched by Environment Agency. Environment Information and Communication Network (EIC) was launched. 1996 “Environment Counselor” as a human resource system, was launched. Global Environment Information Centre was opened. Technology The Environment Agency, Government of Japan, was established.

National Governments: EDUCATION Governance 2000 The new Basic Environment Plan ─ a guide for a Century for Environment ─ was established by the Japanese Diet. 2001 Environment Agency was changed into Ministry of Environment. 2002 The new national curriculum standards (course of study) have been incorporated into primary and lower secondary school curriculum. Education Technology

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology Monitoring and Checking Concern from Citizens Environmental Problem Technology Development Governmental Action

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance • managing hazardous chemicals Education • pollution control Technology being developed for • waste water treatment • waste • incinerator • recycling

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology Eco Mark Japan The Eco Mark is based on ISO 14024, an international standard for environmentally sound products. It considers the environmental impact of the products throughout its life cycle--from mining of resources to recycling of used products. For example, more than 50% of the weight of the used product needs to be reusable or recyclable.

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs) protect the environment, do not pollute, use resources sustainably, and also recycle more of their wastes and products.

National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY trade shows patents treatment recycling research funding evaluation policies ISO 14001 life cycle assessment monitoring pollution control

Class Matrix 1 2 3 Next session: Module 2: National Environmental Policy ern v Go nts me Business and Industry NP Co Os mm an un d iti es What national environmental policies impact business and industry? How do their activities impact the environment? How can they help? 4 5 6 7 8 9

Next session Module 1: Global Environmental Policy Module 2: National Environmental Policy Governments Business and Industry NPOs and Communities Next … Module 3: Local Environmental Policy

Class Communication … Resources, websites, ideas, notes will be available online: www. gdrc. info/gep/ Send me an email anytime! Hari Srinivas hari. srinivas@kwansei. ac. jp IMPORTANT: When you send an email, please always put “[GEP]” in the subject line!