Glimpses of the past v OBJECTIVES v To

Glimpses of the past

v OBJECTIVES v To enable the students to understand the British reign in India v Learner gets the knowledge about some freedom fighters from the given text. v To enable the students to write the events in order. v The learner gets the knowledge to narrate the events in chronological order. v The learner feels the love and respect for the country and patriots.

New Words Martyr : Person who undergoes death or suffering for his or her belief. Ex. Bhagat singh was a great martyr. Destiny: Power believed to control events. Man is the maker of his own destiny. Untouchability : Restrictions on touching. Ex. Untouchability is a sin against society. Misery: Great suffering. Ex. He is living in misery and want.

KEY POINTS THE HISTORY OF OUR COUNTRY DURING 1757 -1857. INDIA WAS UNDER BRITISH RULE DURING THIS PERIOD. INDIA PRINCES WERE DETHRONED BY THE BRITISH EAST INDIA COMPANY. INDIAN PEOPLE LED A MISERABLE LIFE DURING THIS PERIOD IN EVERY FIELD MANY LEARNED MEN GATHERED AND TOGETHER THE PEOPLE OF INDIA AND TOLD THEM TO AGAINST THE BRITISH RAJ. IN 1857 , A REVOLT OUT BROKE AND THE CONSEQUENCE OF THE REVOLT PAVED THE WAY TO THE FIRST FREEDOM FIGHT AGAINST BRITISH RULE IN INDIA.

Summary v During 18 th century, British east India Company was extending its power in worldwide. That time Indian princes were fighting each other. East India Company subdued Indian princes one by one. v During the period of 1765 to 1836 India had to witness many incidents. Untouchability, child marriage and other social evils existed in Indian society. The people were superstitious also. v The British imposed heavy taxes on farmers so that farmers had to abandon their fields. The east India Company’s law began to cripple Indian industries. Ram Mohan Roy, a learned person from Bengal understood what was wrong with this country. v He was attracted by science and modern knowledge. He went to England fight for the justice of India. But the British continued to oppress Indians. In 1818 they had passed regulation III, under it, an Indian could be jailed without trail in a court. v During 1835 -56 Thomas Macaulay suggested some change in Indian Education. They taught Indians their language. By 1856, British had conquered the whole India. Some Indian soldiers in east India Company were ill pleased with the attitude of East Indian Company. v A soldier named Mangal Pandey attacked the adjutant of his regiment and executed. In 1857, a violent revolt was out broken. The rebellion spread wider. v Many landlords lost their lands, because of the British policies. Many rulers like Begum Hazrat Mahal of Lucknow were bitter. Popular leaders like Maulvi Abenedulla of Faisabaad, Tantya Tope aroused the people of India to fight against British Raj.

The Martyrs • “Oh my country men! Let your eyes fill with tears, as you recall the sacrifices of India’s martyrs. ”

The company’s consequests During 18 th century, British east India Company was extending its power in worldwide. That time Indian princes were fighting each other. East India Company subduded Indian princes one by one.

British Rule (1765 -1836) • Religious leaders preached ideas like untouchability and child marriage. • The British imposed heavy taxes on farmers so that farmers had to abandon their fields. • The east India Company’s law began to cripple Indian industries. • British invented other methods which gave them profits. • Inevitably famines followed, between 1822 and 1836

Raja Ram Mohan Roy, a learned person from Bengal understood what was wrong with this country. He was attracted by science and modern knowledge. He went to England fight for the justice of India. He said to his wife, “Cows are of different colors but the color of their milk is the same. Different terachers have different opinions but the essence of every religion is the same. ” Ram Mohan Roy

Oppression (1765 -1835) • But the British continued to oppress Indians. • In 1818 they had passed regulation III, under it, an Indian could be jailed without trail in a court. • By 1829, Britain was exporting British goods worth seven crore rupees to India. • All the time British officers in India drew big salaries and also made fortunes in private business. • At that time Bentinck was the

Dissatisfaction (1835 -1856) • Education in India was in Persian and Sanskrit. • During 1835 -56 Thomas Macaulay suggested some change in Indian Education. • They taught Indians their language. • By 1856, the British had conquered the whole of India. • They cared a little about the needs of Indians. Thomas Macaulay

The sparks (1855 -1857) • Some Indian soldiers in east India Company were ill pleased with the attitude of East Indian Company. • A soldier named Mangal Pandey attacked the adjutant of his regiment and executed. Mangal Pandey

Revolt (1857) • In 1857, a violent revolt was out broken in Meerut. • The rebellion spread wider. • Many landlords lost their lands, because of the

The Fight for freedom(1857) • Many rulers like Begum Hazrat Mahal of Lucknow were bitter. • The patriots pounced upon the British and fought pitched battles all over North India. Tantya Tope Begum Hazrat Mahal