Glandular System Types of Glands Exocrine Glands Endocrine

Glandular System

Types of Glands -Exocrine Glands -Endocrine Glands

Exocrine Glands �Connected with ducts �Secrete enzymes, juices, sweat and tear �Secretions are transported to certain part through ducts �Eg. Sweat glands, tear glands, salivary glands etc.

Endocrine Glands �Ductless glands �Secrete hormones �Secretions are mixed directly into bloodstream �Eg. Pituitary glands, thyriod gland etc.

Types of Endocrine Glands �Pituitary Gland �Pineal Gland �Thyroid Gland �Parathyroid Gland �Thymus Gland �Pancreas �Adrenal Glands �Gonads

Pituitary Gland �Size is almost similar to seed of pea �Located below the cerebrum of brain �Also called master gland �Control all the other glands �Secretes Growth hormone (GH), Thyroid sitimulating hormone (TSH), Gonadotropins etc

Pineal Gland �Pea sized similar in shape to a pine cone �Located inside cranial cavity, between the hemispheres of cerebrum �Secretes melatonin hormone � Hormone helps in the regulation of sleep cycle � Production of this hormone is more during night time and less during day time

Thyroid Gland �Located in the front side of neck, attached to the Adam’s apple �Produce Triiodothyronine (T 3) and Thyroxin (T 4) hormones � Hormones help in physical and mental development -to produce thyroxine hormone iodine is needed -shortage of iodine gland swollen and bulges forward known as goiter

Parathyroid Gland �Located at the back of thyroid gland �Produce parathormone harmone � Hormone helps in utilization of calcium and phosphorus � Excess production of hormone causes kidney stone and weak bone � Less production of hormone makes muscle weak

Thymus Gland � located behind the breastbone and between the lungs �more or less triangular in shape and pinkish grey colour �Secretes thymosin hormone � Hormone helps in the production of lymphocytes which helps to protect from diseases and germs

Pancreas �located posterior to stomach �Acts the role of both endocrine and exocrine gland �As exocrine gland, pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into pancreatic duct. �As endocrine gland, it secretes insulin hormone � Hormone helps in utilization of sugar in body � Less production of hormone increases sugar in the body which causes diabetes

Adrenal Glands �Located above each kidney �organs shaped in the form of a triangle �Secrete adrenalin and noradrenalin hormones �Helps in proper digestion of carbohydrates and balance blood pressure �Imbalanced production of hormones causes weakness, high blood pressure and low blood pressure

Gonads �Located on testes in male and ovaries in female �Secretes sex hormones �Hormones are responsible for devlopment of male and female characteristics respectively hormone by testes � Estrogen and progesterone hormones by ovaries � Testosterone

Glands and Health �For healthy glands to produce balanced production of hormones take balanced diet � Adopt healthy habits � Take proper rest � Regular physical exercise � Must

Questions: a. Differentiate exocrine gland endocrine gland oin two points. b. Write the location of: a. b. c. d. Adrenal Gland Thymus Gland Gonads Thyroid Gland c. Write the hormones produced by: a. b. c. d. Pancreas Pineal Gland Parathyroid Gland Pituitary Gland

Questions(Contd(. d. Write the function of: a. b. c. d. Adrenalin and Noradrenalin hormones Melatonin hormone Insulin Thymosin hormone e. Why is pituitary galand called master gland? f. How can we keep our glands healthy?

Thank You